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{{proposed deletion/dated | {{proposed deletion/dated | ||
|concern = We are finishing Linux pages migration, and it's time to do purging then. | |concern = We are finishing Linux pages migration to [https://distrowiki.miraheze.org DistroWiki], and it's time for BetaWiki to do purging then. | ||
|nom = GT610 | |nom = GT610 | ||
|timestamp = 202112230005 | |timestamp = 202112230005 | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Linux''' (also known as '''GNU/Linux''') is an open source monolithic Unix-like [[POSIX]]-compliant kernel created by Linus Torvalds. Unlike some complete operating systems, Linux is a base for OS developers to create an OS with the software of their own while using a pre-made widely-supported kernel. It would no longer be a single kernel 2 years later by Richard Stallman when GNU and Linux were both combined into one. | '''Linux''' (also known as '''GNU/Linux''') is an open source monolithic Unix-like [[POSIX]]-compliant kernel created by Linus Torvalds. Unlike some complete operating systems, Linux is a base for OS developers to create an OS with the software of their own while using a pre-made widely-supported kernel. It would no longer be a single kernel 2 years later by Richard Stallman when GNU and Linux were both combined into one. | ||
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There is also another directory, called /proc, that manages other devices. The directory /proc/acpi contains all sorts of subtle devices like the power button and battery. | There is also another directory, called /proc, that manages other devices. The directory /proc/acpi contains all sorts of subtle devices like the power button and battery. | ||
== Freedom == | == Freedom== | ||
Unlike other operating systems, Linux lets you do what you want out of the box with no restrictions provided. From changing the appearance, to downloading programs that let you edit the operating system, and to view the source code for the purpose of building a custom operating system from scratch. | Unlike other operating systems, Linux lets you do what you want out of the box with no restrictions provided. From changing the appearance, to downloading programs that let you edit the operating system, and to view the source code for the purpose of building a custom operating system from scratch. | ||
== "Keep it simple, stupid" == | =="Keep it simple, stupid"== | ||
Distributions like [[Arch Linux]], [[Linux Mint]], etc. follow a policy called the '''"Keep it simple, stupid"''' which means that if possible, complexity should be avoided. This is often seen with distributions that aim to provide [[Windows]] and [[macOS]] users an alternative with no learning curve needed or with distributions that aim to be minimalist. | Distributions like [[Arch Linux]], [[Linux Mint]], etc. follow a policy called the '''"Keep it simple, stupid"''' which means that if possible, complexity should be avoided. This is often seen with distributions that aim to provide [[Windows]] and [[macOS]] users an alternative with no learning curve needed or with distributions that aim to be minimalist. | ||
== Terminal shells == | ==Terminal shells== | ||
The community provides various shells for the terminal. Each having different functions and features. | The community provides various shells for the terminal. Each having different functions and features. | ||
*[[bash]] | *[[bash]] | ||
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Here provides a list of GUIs that can be used on Linux. | Here provides a list of GUIs that can be used on Linux. | ||
=== Desktop environments === | === Desktop environments=== | ||
Various desktop environments offer unique appearances, icon themes, different ability of customization, and many more. A user can switch from one to another by downloading them from the default package manager provided. | Various desktop environments offer unique appearances, icon themes, different ability of customization, and many more. A user can switch from one to another by downloading them from the default package manager provided. | ||
*[[Budgie]] | *[[Budgie]] | ||
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*[[Xfce]] | *[[Xfce]] | ||
=== Standalone window managers === | ===Standalone window managers=== | ||
Unlike desktop environments, standalone window managers are only software that controls the appearance and position of windows within a windowing system. | Unlike desktop environments, standalone window managers are only software that controls the appearance and position of windows within a windowing system. | ||
*[[awesome]] | *[[awesome]] | ||
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*[[Zypper]] | *[[Zypper]] | ||
=== Unofficial === | ===Unofficial=== | ||
*[[Aura]] | *[[Aura]] | ||
*[[Paru]] | *[[Paru]] | ||
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*[[Yay]] | *[[Yay]] | ||
== Init systems == | ==Init systems== | ||
All Linux distributions have an init program, which is controlled by specific init system. Many Linux distributions use [[systemd]] as their default init system, but there are distributions that use another init systems. | All Linux distributions have an init program, which is controlled by specific init system. Many Linux distributions use [[systemd]] as their default init system, but there are distributions that use another init systems. | ||
*[[OpenRC]] | *[[OpenRC]] | ||
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*[[Springdale Linux]] | *[[Springdale Linux]] | ||
=== Arch Linux and derivatives === | ===Arch Linux and derivatives=== | ||
* [[Arch Linux]] | *[[Arch Linux]] | ||
* [[Arch Linux GUI]] | *[[Arch Linux GUI]] | ||
*[[Anarchy Installer|Anarchy]] | *[[Anarchy Installer|Anarchy]] | ||
*[[Antergos]] | *[[Antergos]] | ||
* [[ArchBang]] | *[[ArchBang]] | ||
* [[Archcraft]] | *[[Archcraft]] | ||
* [[Archlabs Linux]] | *[[Archlabs Linux]] | ||
* [[Archman Linux]] | *[[Archman Linux]] | ||
*[[ArcoLinux]] | *[[ArcoLinux]] | ||
* [[Artix Linux]] | * [[Artix Linux]] | ||
* [[BlackArch Linux]] | *[[BlackArch Linux]] | ||
*[[Chakra]] | *[[Chakra]] | ||
*[[EndeavourOS]] | *[[EndeavourOS]] | ||
*[[FWUL|FWUL Linux]] | *[[FWUL|FWUL Linux]] | ||
* [[Garuda Linux]] | *[[Garuda Linux]] | ||
*[[Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre|Hyperbola]] | *[[Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre|Hyperbola]] | ||
*[[Mabox Linux]] | *[[Mabox Linux]] | ||
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*[[Obarun]] | *[[Obarun]] | ||
*[[Parabola GNU/Linux-libre|Parabola]] | *[[Parabola GNU/Linux-libre|Parabola]] | ||
* [[RebornOS]] | *[[RebornOS]] | ||
*[[SteamOS|SteamOS 3.0]] | *[[SteamOS|SteamOS 3.0]] | ||
* [[Velt/OS]] | *[[Velt/OS]] | ||
=== Gentoo and derivatives === | ===Gentoo and derivatives=== | ||
*[[Gentoo]] | *[[Gentoo]] | ||
*[[Chrome OS]] | *[[Chrome OS]] | ||
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*[[Toorox]] (Discontinued) | *[[Toorox]] (Discontinued) | ||
=== Mandriva and derivatives === | ===Mandriva and derivatives=== | ||
*[[Mandriva Linux]] | *[[Mandriva Linux]] | ||
*[[ALT Linux]] | *[[ALT Linux]] | ||
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*[[ROSA Linux]] | *[[ROSA Linux]] | ||
=== Slackware and derivatives === | ===Slackware and derivatives=== | ||
*[[Slackware]] | *[[Slackware]] | ||
*[[Absolute Linux]] | *[[Absolute Linux]] | ||
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*Linux runs most of the servers, and is supported by a large community around the globe, as well as technology giants such as Microsoft, IBM, Red Hat, and more. | *Linux runs most of the servers, and is supported by a large community around the globe, as well as technology giants such as Microsoft, IBM, Red Hat, and more. | ||
== External links == | ==External links== | ||
*[https://www.linuxfoundation.org/ Official website] | *[https://www.linuxfoundation.org/ Official website] | ||
*[https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ Official repository] | *[https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/ Official repository] | ||