https://betawiki.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=TechActivate+781&feedformat=atomBetaWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T15:10:58ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.6https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Setup&diff=319232Windows Setup2024-02-09T07:48:24Z<p>TechActivate 781: added 11 original</p>
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<div>{{Infobox Windows component<br />
|caption = Windows Setup; language selection in [[Windows 11 build 26052.1000]]<br />
|name = Windows Setup<br />
|type = setup<br />
|screenshot = Windows11-10.0.26052.1000-Setup.png<br />
|introduced in = [[Windows 1.0]]<br />
|logo = Windows-Setup-Icon.png<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows Setup''' is the process of installing the [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] operating system, which depending on the version, includes partitioning the hard drive, copying the operating system files, and then configuring the installed system.<br />
<br />
== Variants ==<br />
=== 16-bit Windows ===<br />
[[Windows 1.0]] featured a very rudimentary installer, which asks for the target drive, directory and hardware configuration, and then proceeds to install the operating system. There is no option to load custom drivers from the setup and the user instead has to copy the drivers on the disk manually. In order to optimize performance, the installer also combines crucial system files into a single <code>WIN100.BIN</code> file using what is called "Fast Boot". There is no support for changing a single part of the system, as the entire environment has to be clean installed in order to do that, erasing any configuration in the process.<br />
<br />
Unlike later versions, the Windows 1.0 setup has no easily accessible settings. Instead, the executable is compiled specifically for each disk size and the available drivers are determined dynamically by the setup without previous configuration.<br />
<br />
[[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]] kept a similar user interface for setup as previous versions, although it introduced many back-end changes. Notably, it introduced <code>SETUP.INF</code>, a plaintext configuration file, which contained a list of system files and included drivers, as well as other settings. The setup also now supports loading custom drivers from the application itself. However, Windows 2.x did not support upgrading a previous version of Windows. Any previously installed version of Windows is overwritten, and any settings must be transferred across manually from the <code>WIN.INI</code> file. [[Windows/386 2.1]] and [[Windows/286 2.1]] added an extra step which allowed the user to load Memset, a setup utility which installs the SmartDrive caching program onto the root of the system drive.<br />
<br />
[[Windows 3.0]] introduced a new, more advanced installer. The black background for the setup has been replaced with a blue background with a grey bar showing the current tasks that the installation is performing. After the core Windows system files have been copied, it launches Windows to complete Setup. From there, the remaining files are copied and components are set up. This version also introduces the ability to upgrade a previously installed version of Windows by running Setup from within DOS. Upgrading a previous version transfers all its settings stored in the <code>WIN.INI</code> file across to the newer one. [[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.1]] adds the option for the user to enter their name and company, and [[Windows for Workgroups 3.1]] adds a network setup, which consists of detecting the network adapter and then configuring the network setup, including adapters and protocols. If this is complete, the user will be asked for the network's user name, workgroup and computer name. As the color palette in the VGA display driver changed in Windows 3.1, the setup background, is displayed differently compared to Windows 3.0. SmartDrive is now also installed and configured to run at DOS startup by default. If a network has been configured, <code>net start</code> will also run at startup.<br />
<br />
=== Windows 9x ===<br />
[[Windows 9x]] versions do not require an existing version of DOS to install. However, a boot disk was still required in most cases as most Windows 9x installation media was not bootable. The installation process prepares a partition, checks it using [[w:Microsoft ScanDisk|ScanDisk]], and copies files to the hard disk.<br />
<br />
In Windows 9x versions, .CAB files are used for the installation. Mostly known .CAB installation files include:<br />
<br />
*'''WIN95_*.CAB, WIN98_*.CAB''' ('''WIN9X_*.CAB''' in early [[Windows 98]] builds) and '''WIN_*.CAB''': They contain the main system apps and files.<br />
*'''DRIVER*.CAB''': Contains the driver files for Windows.<br />
*'''NET*.CAB''': Contains networking and internet components.<br />
*'''MINI.CAB''': Contains basic files required to start the installation from within DOS. This environment is based on [[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.1]].<br />
<br />
If starting the installation process from DOS, the Windows 3.1-based environment in the <code>MINI.CAB</code> file is used to start Setup. During this stage, the user configures various settings of the installation, and the Windows system files are copied to the hard disk. However, Setup can also be run from within an existing Windows 3.1 or 9x environment, skipping this portion. Once the files are copied, Setup restarts the computer, sets up devices and configures system settings.<br />
<br />
Starting with Windows 9x, a specific key is needed to be entered to set up Windows. This started with a Beta Site ID and a password for early Windows 95 pre-release builds, and continued with a CD key for retail CD releases of Windows 95 and NT 4.0, as well as a Certificate of Authencity (COA) key for OEM releases. Both have been replaced by a product key in Windows 98 and 2000, which also debuted on the floppy release of the former.<br />
<br />
In Windows Me, a new setup wizard was introduced, which followed the visual guidelines of Wizard97, replacing the former scheme from Windows 95.<br />
<br />
Retail releases of Windows 98 and Me do ask for credential information during the first part of setup, while in OEM releases, the user will be asked after a reboot before the second part starts, allowing OEMs to easily prepare a computer with an existing Windows installation.<br />
<br />
Upgrade releases of Windows do additionally check for an existing installed version of Windows. This „Upgrade Compliance Check“ (UCC) starts in Windows 95 before the setup wizard launches, while in Windows 98 and Me, it is part of it. If the UCC fails to find an existing installation, it asks for the first setup diskette or the CD-ROM of the previous release. If no existing installation is specified, setup will exit. The UCC only triggers when setup is started from DOS, as it is not needed if setup is started from an existing Windows installation.<br />
<br />
Among the installation files, a dummy file called <code>msbatch.inf</code> is included, which, if being replaced by a proper file, can be used to install Windows in unattended mode.<br />
<br />
=== Windows NT ===<br />
During its development, Windows NT adopted a modified version of the Windows 3.1 setup process. Similarly to it, the setup configuration is stored in INI-formatted text files, although unlike its DOS-based counterpart the text mode configuration uses a separate configuration file. All files use 8.3 format filenames for compatibility with MS-DOS, often with the last extension character replaced with an underscore to mark that the file is compressed, with the full name stored inside the setup configuration. Although original media usually comes with most files compressed, the compression is optional.<br />
<br />
The operating system files are stored in a folder named according to the target platform along with the setup configuration. This made it possible for the same disc to contain installation files for multiple architectures, which in turn allowed all versions to be shipped in the same package up to [[Windows NT 4.0]]. As the files for 32-bit x86 systems were stored in the <code>I386</code> directory, this particular setup process is often referred to as "i386 setup", although other directory names were used for other platforms, including: <code>ALPHA</code> for DEC Alpha systems, <code>MIPS</code> for MIPS, <code>PPC</code> for PowerPC, <code>PC98</code> (or <code>NEC98</code> in [[Windows 2000]]) for NEC PC-98, <code>IA64</code> for Itanium and <code>AMD64</code> for 64-bit x86. Media for the latter two architectures also include a <code>I386</code> directory, although unlike early versions it does not contain a self-contained 32-bit x86 build, but rather the files required for [[w:WoW64|WoW64]] with the file names prefixed by the letter W.<br />
<br />
The installation on x86 platforms can be started multiple ways, the most straightforward of which is to boot from the included installation media. For [[Windows NT 3.51]] and older, this requires the use of boot floppies, while [[Windows NT 4.0]] and later supports booting directly from the installation CD-ROM. The installation files can also be copied to the hard drive by using the executables included on the installation CD-ROM, namely <code>WINNT.EXE</code> for use from MS-DOS and <code>WINNT32.EXE</code> (introduced in [[Windows NT 3.5]]) from an existing Win32 environment. While <code>WINNT32.EXE</code> was merely a Win32 variant of <code>WINNT.EXE</code> until Windows NT 4.0, it turned into an upgrade wizard in Windows 2000, which evaluates the upgraded operating system and points out any incompatibilities before booting into the setup proper. Windows XP is the last version to have the ability to boot with floppy boot disks into setup, these however were only available for download by Microsoft, as the ability to create boot floppies with <code>WINNT.EXE</code> has been removed since Windows 2000. Said version was also the last to ship with a set of physical boot floppy disks.<br />
<br />
Similarly to Windows 3.1, the installation process consists of two major phases. The first phase usually runs in text mode and prepares the environment for the second GUI stage to run. Notably, it boots with the multiprocessor kernel (<code>ntkrnlmp.exe</code>) instead of the usual <code>ntoskrnl.exe</code>. This can be easily seen at the boot screen, where "MultiProcessor Kernel" is displayed next to the amount of RAM. When booting into the first stage, the setup determines the hardware configuration and loads drivers as specified in the configuration. It then proceeds to start the minimal NT environment on the install media, which had its Session Manager component replaced with a simple native application that passes control to the setup driver (<code>setupdd.sys</code>). When it finishes loading, it displays a welcome screen which allows the user to continue the installation or repair an existing copy of Windows. The [[Recovery Console]] can also be invoked at this point in [[Windows 2000]] and later. When upgrading to [[Windows XP]] or [[Windows Server 2003]], this stage runs in 16-color graphical mode, shows a static billboard together with a progress bar and animation and accepts no input, although it falls back to text mode when an error is encountered, the same when uninstalling Windows XP and reinstating Windows 9x.<br />
<br />
The next pages of the first stage include the license agreement and partition management. After the setup checks the partition for errors, it copies a more complete system to the disk and prepares the system for the second stage to run by generating the registry and writing the boot loader. The system is then rebooted into the second phase, which runs in graphical mode and installs the rest of the operating system, as well as configures the network, date/time and asks for a product key.<br />
<br />
While the second phase mostly consisted of a wizard until Windows 2000, Windows XP extended it into a full-screen assistant, praising the features and improvements of the operating system. The wizard, however, still appeared after device installation completed and when starting an upgrade. The older design overall could be reactivated by editing the setup information file or invoking the mini-setup option in SysPrep, which is intended for factory preinstallation by OEMs, as it additionally displays the license agreement that way.<br />
<br />
Starting with Windows 2000, the Network Identification Wizard runs at first boot to configure user name and password, along with a choice to log on to a specific user automatically. This evolved into a full-on [[out-of-box experience]] with Windows XP, allowing the user to easily configure network settings, user accounts and, starting with Service Pack 2, also Automatic Updates. When upgrading from Windows 9x, the user will be prompted to enter a password for the Administrator account since the Administrator account does not exist in Windows 9x.<br />
<br />
=== Windows Vista and 7 ===<br />
[[Windows Longhorn build 4001]] introduced the WIM installation format. This installation format boots the operating system via [[Windows Preinstallation Environment|WinPE]] which launches the main setup user interface. The user configures multiple aspects of the installation, such as what SKU of Windows the user would like to install, what disk or partition Windows should be installed, and whether the user would like to perform an upgrade or clean installation. The setup is booted via the <code>\sources\boot.wim</code> file on the installation media.<br />
<br />
The install process works by deploying a pre-packed WIM image (<code>\sources\install.wim</code>) to the hard disk where Windows should be installed. Early builds of the development reset reused the i386 setup, as the WIM installation method was not reimplemented until [[Windows Vista build 5048|build 5048]]. Starting with this build, the setup is also booted from the install image itself. The image index determines what SKU of Windows will be installed. From [[Windows 8]] onwards, the DISM command line tool is used to deploy the image to the location where Windows is installed. After the WIM image is applied, the installer creates boot files on the hard disk, and restarts the machine so that devices can be set up, and the OOBE can be run. If there is an already existing version of Windows on the hard disk where the user chose to install Windows, the existing Windows installation is moved into the <code>\Windows.old</code> directory.<br />
<br />
The older Recovery Console previously accessible from text-mode setup was replaced by the [[Windows Recovery Environment]], a GUI-based diagnostic tool suite used for troubleshooting system-level issues that prevent a [[Microsoft Windows]] installation from booting properly.<br />
<br />
Although the present-day WIM format was first introduced with [[Windows Vista]], [[Windows XP]]-based Windows releases can also be packaged in WIM format. Examples can be seen in the [[Windows Embedded for Point of Service]] and [[Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs]] operating systems. Setup graphical assets are stored in <code>spwizimg.dll</code> on [[Windows Vista]] and later; Windows Longhorn pre-reset builds store them in <code>win32ui.dll</code> and <code>win32uitheme.dll</code>.<br />
<br />
Windows Vista Beta 2 and RC builds from the <code>vbl_media_ehome</code> or <code>vbl_media_ehome_dev</code> [[Build lab|build labs]] have the original setup launcher replaced with the "Media Center Diamond Take Home DVD Launcher", which installs Windows Vista clean in unattended mode and with [[Windows Media Center]] diagnostic and debug tools. A functionally similar launcher existed in builds of [[Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005]], however with it being run in kernel mode, as the user mode is not initialized in Windows XP's setup.<br />
<br />
=== Windows 8 onwards ===<br />
Since [[Windows 8]], support for [[w:solid compression|solid compression]] (via the LZMS algorithm) was implemented into the WIM image format in the form of the Electronic Software Download (ESD) file format. Such images can be created by passing in the <code>recovery</code> compression type into the arguments for the <code>/Capture-Image</code> DISM commandlet. ESD images cannot be modified unless re-exported into a WIM image using LZX compression (via the <code>fast</code>/<code>max</code> compression types).<br />
<br />
Solid WIM images can additionally have parts of the file encrypted using AES, where the AES keys are themselves encrypted by a public [[w:RSA (cryptosystem)|RSA]] key;<!-- CRSAPublicKeyValue::GetPublicKeyBlob(), CSymmetricKeyValue::GetSymmetricKeyBlob() --> this was first instituted within the Web Installers provided as part of the [[Windows 8 Consumer Preview]] and later build releases. These images are decrypted via the Windows Download Platform (<code>WinDlp.dll</code>)<!-- CDlpTransformRecoverCrypto::DoCrypto(), CDlpTransformRecoverCrypto::CryptWimFile() --> using the corresponding private key, which may be additionally be embedded within the respective WIM image XML metadata (via function <code>CDlpTransformRecoverCrypto::SaveKeyToWim()</code>) and/or subsequently parsed by function <code>CDlpTransformRecoverCrypto::GetKeyFromWim()</code>, called from function <code>CDlpTransformRecoverCrypto::CryptWimFile()</code> (which is primarily responsible for decrypting the actual image's contents).<br />
<br />
This practice continues to persist in newer Windows versions via the ''Windows Media Creation Tool'', a modified version of the Web Installer designed for generating installation media that can be ran off of removable devices, and was also further practiced in early releases of [[Windows 10]] up through the [[Windows 10 Anniversary Update|Anniversary Update]] by encrypting the contents of both internal and external preview releases, after which Microsoft then later switched to the Unified Update Platform to distribute new operating system builds.<br />
<br />
In [[Windows 8.x]], it is not possible to escape the product key page unless the user enters a proper product key, create a proper <code>ei.cfg</code> file in the <code>sources</code> folder, use DISM to apply the image, or use an answer file to install Windows. Later revisions of Windows 8.1's setup accept Windows 8 product keys. [[Windows 10]]'s setup accepts product keys from [[Windows 7]] and newer.<br />
<br />
Since the [[Windows 11|initial Windows 11 release]], additional checks to the setup process have been implemented into the upgrade appraiser library to account for the then-new system requirements, which required a system with UEFI, a TPM 2.0 module and Secure Boot support; these requirements were met with backlash from various users as it leaves many older systems that fully support Windows 10 ineligible for the free upgrade.<ref name="insider">Claburn, Thomas. [https://www.theregister.com/2021/06/28/microsoft_windows_11_insider_preview_released/ Microsoft releases Windows 11 Insider Preview, attempts to defend labyrinth of hardware requirements], ''The Register''. 28 June 2021.</ref><br />
<br />
The legacy Windows Vista/7 setup user interface was later deprecated with the introduction of the modernized Windows 8 setup user interface into the [[Windows Preinstallation Environment]] setup package as part of [[Windows 11 build 26040|build 26040]]'s release, slightly modified to support disk partitioning capabilities and EFI boot support. The legacy setup user interface can still be invoked by selecting "Launch the legacy experience" option in the list of supported installation paths. In [[Windows 11 build 26052.1000|client build 26052]] and [[Windows Server 2025 build 26047|Server build 26047]], the background color in Windows Setup has been reverted to purple as in previous versions of Windows.<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
=== 16-bit Windows ===<br />
<gallery><br />
DR5-01.png|Setup in [[Windows 1.0 Development Release 5]]<br />
Win102setup1.png|Setup in [[Windows 1.02]]<br />
Win211386setup1.png|Setup in [[Windows/386 2.11]]<br />
Win30asetup9.png|Setup in [[Windows 3.00a]]<br />
Win31103setup25.png|Setup in [[Windows 3.1]]<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Windows 9x ===<br />
<gallery><br />
Win95Build58s 1.png|Setup in [[Windows 95 build 58s]]<br />
20190201 191845.png|Setup in [[Windows 95 build 122]]<br />
Windows95-4.0.1009-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows 95 build 950 r-6|Windows 95 RTM]] and OEM Service Releases<br />
2018-01-07 220156.png|Setup in [[Windows 98 build 1400]]<br />
Windows-98-4.10.1998-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows 98 build 1998|Windows 98 RTM]] and [[Windows 98 SE build 2222A|SE]]<br />
Windows-ME-4.90.3000-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows Me]]<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Windows NT ===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:WindowsNT35-3.5.807-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows NT 3.5]]<br />
File:WinNT3.51-3.51.1057.1-Wks-MIPS-R4x00-RTM-Fre-en-US-GUI-setup.png|Setup in [[Windows NT 3.51]]<br />
File:WinNT4-1381.2-MIPS-setup2.PNG|Setup in [[Windows NT 4.0]]<br />
File:Windows-2000-Build-2195-SP2-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows 2000]]<br />
File:WindowsXP-5.1.2257-Setup4.png|Setup in [[Windows XP build 2257]]<br />
File:Build2416.png|Setup in [[Windows XP build 2416]]<br />
File:2600.1081 Installation.png|Setup in [[Windows XP build 2600|Windows XP RTM]]<br />
File:2018-01-09 165921.png|Setup in [[Windows Server 2003]]<br />
File:WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4001-OOBE.png|Setup in [[Windows Longhorn build 4001]]<br />
File:4015 Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows Longhorn build 4011]]<br />
File:WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4039-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows Longhorn build 4039 (Lab06_n.030827-1717)]]<br />
File:Longhorn4093s1.png|Setup in [[Windows Longhorn build 4093]]<br />
File:Vista 6.0.5098 Install Windows.png|Setup in [[Windows Vista build 5098]]<br />
File:5284 Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows Vista build 5284 (vbl_media_ehome)|Windows Vista build 5284]]<br />
File:5329 DVDLauncher.png|"Media Center Diamond Take Home DVD Launcher" in [[Windows Vista build 5329]]<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.6000.16386rtm-setup.png|Language and region selection in [[Windows Vista build 6000.16386]]<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.6000.16386rtm-Installation.png|Setup in [[Windows Vista build 6000.16386|Windows Vista RTM]]<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.6001.18000sp1-Installation.png|Setup in [[Windows Vista build 6001.18000|Windows Vista SP1]]<br />
File:Windows-Server-2008-RTM-Installing-Windows.png|Setup in [[Windows Server 2008]]<br />
File:POSReady2009-Setup.png|Setup in [[Windows Embedded POSReady 2009]]<br />
File:Windows 7 build 7600 setup expanding files.png|Setup in [[Windows 7]]<br />
File:Windows-Server-2008-R2-RTM-Installing-Windows.png|Setup in [[Windows Server 2008 R2]]<br />
File:Windows8-6.2.9200-Installation.png|Setup in [[Windows 8]] and [[Windows Server 2012]]<br />
File:9271setup2.png|Setup in [[Windows 8.1]], [[Windows Server 2012 R2]] and above<br />
File:Windows10-10.0.10240-Setup-LangSelect.png|Language and region selection in [[Windows 10]]<br />
File:Windows11-22000.51-Setup-Lang.png|Language and region selection in [[Windows 11 build 22000.194|Windows 11 (original release)]] <br />
File:Win11-setup-cantrun-EN.png|"This PC can't run [[Windows 11]]" screen in [[Windows 11]]<br />
File:Windows-Server-2022-build-20348.169-Setup.png|Install now in [[Windows Server 2022]]<br />
File:Windows11-10.0.26040.1000-Setup1.png|Windows Setup; language selection in [[Windows 11 build 26040]]<br />
File:Windows11-10.0.26040.1000-Setup6.png|Disk configuration page in [[Windows 11 build 26040]] <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:Introduced in Windows 1.0]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_10_Mobile_build_10586_(th2_release)&diff=315191Windows 10 Mobile build 10586 (th2 release)2024-01-17T13:11:42Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 10 Mobile]]<br />
|arch = ARM32<br />
|buildtag = 10.0.10586.0.th2_release.151029-1700<br />
|family = 10<br />
|version = 10.0<br />
|build = 10586<br />
|lab = th2_release<br />
|revision = 0<br />
|compiled = 2015-10-29<br />
|image = Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-Start Screen.png<br />
|winver = Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-Version.png<br />
|sku = Mobile<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Windows 10 Mobile build 10586 (th2 release) is a build of [https://betawiki.net/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile#Windows_10_Mobile_Version_1511_(Threshold_2) Windows 10 Mobile Version 1511] This build can be downloaded and installed from Microsoft.<ref>https://github.com/Empyreal96/WPCabLinks.db/tree/main/10.0.10586.0%20(th2_release.151029-1700)</ref><br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-Start Screen.png|Start Screen<br />
Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-Miscellaneous Details.png|Miscellaneous Details<br />
Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-Edge.png|[[Microsoft Edge]] version<br />
Windows 10 Mobile-10.0.10586.0-zApps.png|zApps<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
[[Category:Windows 10 Mobile builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Server_2003_build_3718&diff=314362Windows Server 2003 build 37182024-01-10T13:42:03Z<p>TechActivate 781: german version shared</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Server 2003]]<br />
|image = WindowsServer2003-5.2.3718-Desktop.png<br />
|arch = x86, IA-64<ref>https://www.betaarchive.com/database/search.php?q=0b261c1e-d096-488b-a684-52c4ded6295e</ref><br />
|buildtag = 5.2.3718.0.dnsrv.021114-1947<br />
|family = nt<br />
|version = 5.2<br />
|build = 3718<br />
|lab = dnsrv<br />
|revision = 0<br />
|sku = Standard Server<br>Enterprise Server<br>Datacenter Server<br />
|compiled = 2002-11-14<br />
|timebomb = +360 days<br />
|key = K4RBR-F3K42-M9RXG-48TPR-H6BPB<br />
|winver = WindowsServer2003-5.2.3718-About.png<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/621|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20server%202003/5.2.3718.0/english/enterprise}}<br />
|name=Release Candidate 2}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows Server 2003 build 3718''' is the official Release Candidate 2 build of [[Windows Server 2003]], which was released on 3 December 2002.<ref>https://www.osnews.com/story/2277/windows-net-server-2003-release-candidate-2-released/</ref> The Enterprise Server SKU was also included in the [[Office 2003]] Beta 2 Kit, released on 9 March 2003.<ref>http://web.archive.org/web/20030314043314/http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2003/mar03/03-09OfficeSystemBeta2PR.asp</ref> Unlike [[Windows Server 2003 build 3716|build 3716]], this build uses a different product key. The Simplified Chinese variant of this build was shared on 5 April 2017.<br />
<br />
The VHD file of this build on Japanese version was first shared on 22 July 2022 on [[BetaArchive]],<ref>https://www.betaarchive.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=468922</ref> with the ISO image of the Japanese version of this build later being shared on 25 July 2022 on the aforementioned site.<ref>https://www.betaarchive.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=43901</ref> Prior to its public upload, the Japanese version of this build was found by BetaWorld user 随便问我 on 11 December 2020.<ref>https://wiki.betaworld.cn/Windows_Server_2003:5.2.3718.0.dnsrv.021114-1947</ref><br />
<br />
The Traditional Chinese version existed as a CD that was sold on Carousell (Taiwan), but has long since been sold, as of 2024, it remains unleaked.<ref>https://tw.carousell.com/p/windows-server-2003-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E7%89%88-360%E5%A4%A9-%E8%A9%95%E4%BC%B0%E7%89%88%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94-%E9%99%84%E9%87%91%E9%91%B0-%E5%85%89%E7%A2%9F%E5%8F%AF%E9%96%8B%E5%95%9F%E5%A6%82%E9%99%84%E5%9C%96%E4%BD%86%E4%B8%8D%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%89%E5%8F%AF%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%9D%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F-%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%9D%E5%89%8D%E8%AB%8B%E6%B3%A8%E6%84%8F%E8%BB%9F%E7%A1%AC%E9%AB%94%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C-1217199780/</ref><br />
<br />
The German language variant was uploaded to the Internet Archive on 10 January 2024.<ref>https://archive.org/details/server-2003-rc2-technet</ref><br />
<br />
This build was compiled in evaluation mode and can be installed on the current date.<br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsServer2003-5.2.3681-Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
WinXPSafe.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
===Japanese version===<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows Server 2003 RC2 Desktop Japanese.PNG|Desktop<br />
WinXPSafe-Japanese.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Simplified Chinese version===<br />
<gallery><br />
3718.0_srv_version.png|System Properties and <code>[[Winver]]</code><br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===German version===<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows-Server-2003-RC2-Deutsch-1057951363-0-13.jpg|Desktop<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Datacenter Server SKU (unleaked)===<br />
<gallery><br />
3718dtcSetup.jpeg|Setup<br />
3718dtcDesktop.gif|Desktop<br />
3718dtcMSInfo32.gif|System Information<br />
3718dtcScreenSaver.gif|Logon screensaver<br />
3718dtcStartMenu.gif|[[Start menu]]<br />
3718dtcTaskManager.gif|[[Task Manager]]<br />
3718dtcVersionInfo.gif|Demo 1<br />
3718dtcWMP.gif|Demo 2<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Miscellaneous===<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsServer2003-5.2.3718.0-(Standard-Server)-CD.jpg|x86 English CD [Standard Server]<br />
WindowsServer2003-5.2.3718.0-Japanese-Enterprise-CD.jpg|x86 Japanese CD [Enterprise Server]<br />
windows_server_2003__360____1677255198_0e0d3d3f_progressive.jpg|x86 Traditional Chinese CD [Enterprise Server] (Unleaked)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Category:DotNET_3718_Datacenter_Server BetaArchive Gallery: DotNET 3718 Datacenter Server]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Server 2003 builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Office_2007&diff=314128Office 20072024-01-09T12:13:09Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 314126 by 42.117.163.17 (talk) it already says that 2007 supports upto xpsp2 and vistasp1</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox software version<br />
|name = Microsoft Office 2007<br />
|version of = [[Microsoft Office]]<br />
|version = 12.0<br />
|image = O2007w2000.png<br />
|image-caption = Microsoft Word<br />
|released = 2006-11-30<br>2007-01-30<br />
|support = 2017-10-10<br />
|replaces = [[Office 2003|Microsoft Office 2003]]<br />
|replaced-by = [[Office 2010|Microsoft Office 2010]]<br />
|logo=Microsoft Office 2007 Logo.png<br />
|logo size=180px}}<br />
'''Microsoft Office 2007''' is a version of [[Microsoft Office]], which was released to manufacturing on 30 November 2006 and then to consumers two months later on 30 January 2007. It introduces new features and updates previous ones while introducing the Ribbon interface which would later be implemented into many of Microsoft's own programs.<br />
<br />
Office 2007 is the last version of Microsoft Office that could run under an unmodified installation of [[Windows XP build 2600.2180|Windows XP SP2]], [[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition]] and [[Windows Vista build 6000.16386|Windows Vista RTM]].<br />
<br />
== New features ==<br />
=== User interface ===<br />
The new user interface (UI), officially known as Fluent User Interface, was implemented into the core Microsoft Office applications: Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Access, and in the item inspector used to create or edit individual items in Outlook. These applications were selected for the UI overhaul because they center around document authoring. The rest of the applications in the suite would later be updated to utilize the new user interface in Office 2010. Original prototypes of the Fluent User Interface were revealed at MIX 2008 in Las Vegas.<br />
<br />
Office 2007 also introduced the Office menu which replaced the File menu that was present in previous versions. It provides access to core functionalities, including opening, saving, printing and sharing a file with the ability to exit the current application in use. The Office menu is invoked by clicking on the Office button at the top-left corner of the window.<br />
<br />
==== Application-specific changes ====<br />
<br />
===== Microsoft Word =====<br />
* New style sheets (quick styles) and ability to switch easily among them.<br />
* The Default Font is now Calibri, not Times New Roman as featured in previous Office versions.<br />
* Word count listed by default in the status bar. The word count dynamically updates as you type.<br />
* New contextual spell checker, signified by a wavy blue underline analogous to the wavy red underline for misspellings and wavy green underline for grammar errors, sometimes catches incorrect usage of correctly spelled words, such as in "I think we will ''loose'' at the match".<br />
* Translation tooltip option available for English (U.S.), French (France), and Spanish (International Sort). When selected, hovering the mouse cursor over a word will display its translation in the particular language. Non-English versions have different sets of languages. Other languages can be added by using a separate multilingual pack.<br />
* Automated generation of citations and bibliographies according to defined style rules, including APA, Chicago, and MLA.<br />
* Changing style updates all references automatically. Connect to web services to access online reference databases.<br />
* Rearchitected native mathematical equation support with TeX-like linear input/edit language or GUI. Also, supports the Unicode Plain Text Encoding of Mathematics.<br />
* A Preset gallery of cover pages with fields for Author, Title, Date, Abstract, etc. Cover pages follow the theme of the document (found under the Page Layout tab).<br />
* Document comparison engine updated to support moves, differences in tables, and also easy to follow the tri-pane view of the original document, new document, and differences.<br />
* Full-screen reading layout that shows two pages at a time with maximal screen usage, plus a few critical tools for reviewing.<br />
* Building Blocks, which lets one save frequently used content, so that they are easily accessible for further use. Building blocks can have data mapped controls in them to allow for form building or structured document authoring.<br />
* Blog entries can be authored in Word itself and uploaded directly to a blog. Supported blogging sites include Windows Live Spaces, WordPress, SharePoint, Blogger, Telligent Community etc.<br />
* Drops function for Insert/Picture/From Scanner or Camera. Can be added manually.<br />
* Drops the "Bullets and Numbering" dialog boxes and rich, easily controlled range of options for formatting Outline Numbered lists.<br />
<br />
===== Microsoft Excel =====<br />
* Supports up to 1,048,576 rows and 16,384 columns (XFD) in a single worksheet, with 32,767 characters in a single cell (17,179,869,184 cells in a worksheet, 562,932,773,552,128 characters in a worksheet).<br />
* Conditional Formatting introduces support for three new features — Color Scales, Icon Sets, and Data Bars Color Scales, which automatically color the background of a group of cells with different colors according to the values.<br />
* Icon sets, which precede the text in a cell with an icon that represents some aspect of the value of the cell with respect to other values in a group of cells, can also be applied. Icons can be conditionally applied to show up only when certain criteria are met, such as a cross showing up on an invalid value, where the condition for invalidity can be specified by the user.<br />
* Data Bars show as a gradient bar in the background of a cell the contribution of the cell value in the group.<br />
* Column titles can optionally show options to control the layout of the column.<br />
* Multithreaded calculation of formulae, to speed up large calculations, especially on multi-core/multi-processor systems.<br />
* User Defined Functions (UDF), which are custom functions written to supplement Excel's set of built-in functions, supports the increased number of cells and columns. UDFs now can also be multithreaded. Server-side UDFs are based on the .NET Managed code.<br />
* Importing data from external sources, such as a database, has been upgraded. Data can also be imported from formatted tables and reports, which do not have a regular grid structure.<br />
* Formula AutoComplete, which automatically suggests function names, arguments and named ranges, and automatically completing them if desired, based on the characters entered. Formulae can refer to a table as well.<br />
* CUBE functions which allow importing data, including set aggregated data, from data analysis services, such as SQL Server Analysis Services.<br />
* Page Layout view, to author spreadsheets in a way that mirrors the formatting that will be applied when printed.<br />
* PivotTables, which are used to create analysis reports out of sets of data, can now support hierarchical data by displaying a row in the table with a "+" icon, which, when clicked, shows more rows regarding it, which can also be hierarchical.<br />
* PivotTables can also be sorted and filtered independently, and conditional formatting used to highlight trends in the data.<br />
* Filters now includes a Quick filter option allowing the selection of multiple items from a drop-down list of items in the column. The option to filter based on color has been added to the choices available.<br />
* Excel features a new charting engine, which supports advanced formatting, including 3D rendering, transparencies, and shadows. Chart layouts can also be customized to highlight various trends in the data.<br />
<br />
===== Microsoft PowerPoint =====<br />
* Improvements to text rendering to support text-based graphics.<br />
* Rendering of 3D graphics.<br />
* Support for many more sound file formats such as .mp3 and .wma.<br />
* Support for tablets and enhanced support for table pasting from Excel.<br />
* Slide Library, which lets you reuse any slide or presentation as a template. Any presentation or slide can be published to the Slide Library.<br />
* Any custom-designed slide library can be saved.<br />
* Presentations can be digitally signed.<br />
* Improved Presenter View.<br />
* Added support for widescreen slides.<br />
* Allows addition of custom placeholders.<br />
* Drops function for Insert/Picture/From Scanner or Camera.<br />
* Allows for duplication of a slide through right-clicking it without having to go through Copy and Paste<br />
<br />
===== Microsoft OneNote =====<br />
* OneNote now supports multiple notebooks.<br />
* Notebooks can be shared across multiple computers. Anyone can edit even while not connected and changes are merged automatically across machines when a connection is made. Changes are labeled with author and change time/date.<br />
* Notebook templates.<br />
* Word-wheeled search is also present in OneNote, which also indexes notes.<br />
* Synchronization of Tasks with Outlook 2007. Also, Outlook can send emails to OneNote, or open pages in OneNote that are linked to tasks, contacts, appointments/meetings.<br />
* Support for tables. Using tabs to create tabular structure automatically converts it to a table.<br />
* OCR is performed on images (screen clips, photos, scans) so that any text in them is searchable.<br />
* Audio and video recordings are also tagged and indexed so that they can be searched.<br />
* Notes can have hyperlinks among themselves, or from outside OneNote to a specific point on a page.<br />
* Embedding documents in notes.<br />
* Extensibility support for add-ins.<br />
* Drawing tools for creating diagrams in OneNote.<br />
* Typing any arithmetic expression, followed by "=" results in the result of the calculation being displayed.<br />
* Send to Microsoft OneNote, through which any application can print to a virtual printer for OneNote and the "printed" document is imported to the notebook, and any text is indexed for searching.<br />
* OneNote Mobile is included for Smartphones and some PocketPC devices. Syncs notes two-way with OneNote. Takes text, voice, and photo notes.<br />
<br />
===== Microsoft Outlook =====<br />
* As a major change in Outlook 2007, Exchange 5.5 support has been dropped. Like Evolution, Outlook Express and Entourage, Outlook now works only with Exchange 2000 and above.<br />
* Outlook now indexes (using the Windows Search APIs) e-mails, contacts, tasks, calendar entries, RSS feeds and other items, to speed up searches. As such, it features word-wheeled search, which displays results as characters are being typed in.<br />
* Search folders, which are saved searches, have been updated to include RSS feeds as well. Search folders can be created with specific search criteria, specifying the subject, type and other attributes of the information being searched. When a search folder is opened, all matching items for the search are automatically retrieved and grouped up.<br />
* Outlook now supports text messages and SMS, when used in conjunction with Exchange Server 2007 Unified Messaging.<br />
* Outlook includes a reader for RSS feeds, which used the Windows Common Feed Store. RSS subscription URLs can be shared via e-mails. RSS feed updates can also be pushed to a mobile device.<br />
* Outlook can now support multiple calendars being worked with, simultaneously. It also includes a side-by-side view for calendars, where each calendar is displayed in a different tab and allows easy comparison of them. Outlook also supports web calendars. Calendars can be shared with other users.<br />
* Calendar view shows which tasks are due.<br />
* Flagged e-mails and notes can also be converted to Task items.<br />
* Outlook includes a To-Do Bar, which integrates the calendar, appointments and tasks items, in a concise view.<br />
* Online or offline editing of all Microsoft Office 2007 documents via a SharePoint site. All edits are automatically synchronized.<br />
* Contacts can be shared among users, via e-mail, Exchange Server or a SharePoint site.<br />
* Attachment preview allows users to view Office e-mail attachments in the reading pane rather than having to open another program.<br />
* HTML in e-mails is now rendered using the Microsoft Word rendering engine which disallows several HTML tags like object, script, iframe etc. along with several CSS properties.<br />
<br />
====== Business Contact Manager ======<br />
Microsoft Office Outlook can also include an optional Business Contact Manager (included on a separate installation disc in Office 2007 Small Business and above) which allows management of business contacts and their sales and marketing activities. Phone calls, e-mails, appointments, notes and other business metrics can be managed for each contact. It can also keep a track of billable time for each contact on the Outlook Calendar. Based on these data, a consolidated report view can be generated by Microsoft Office Outlook with Business Contact Manager. The data can be further analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel. This data can also be shared using SharePoint Services.<br />
<br />
===== Access =====<br />
* Access now includes support for a broader range of data types, including documents and images.<br />
* Whenever any table is updated, all reports referencing the table are also updated.<br />
* Dropdown lists for a table can be modified in place.<br />
* Lookup Fields, which get their values by "looking up" some value in a table, have been updated to support multi-valued lookups.<br />
* Many new preset schemata are included.<br />
* Access can synchronize with Windows SharePoint Services 3.0 and Office SharePoint Server 2007. This feature enables a user to use Access reports while using a server-based, backed-up, IT managed the version of the data.<br />
<br />
===== Publisher =====<br />
* Templates automatically fill out with information such as company name, logo etc., wherever applicable.<br />
* Frequently used content can be stored in Content Store for quick access.<br />
* A document can be automatically converted from one publication type, such as a newsletter, to another publication type, say a web page.<br />
* Save as PDF supports commercial printing quality PDF.<br />
* Catalog Merge can create publication content automatically by retrieving data, including text, images, and other supported types, from an external data source.<br />
* Design Checker, which is used to find design inconsistencies, has been updated.<br />
<br />
== Ribbon ==<br />
This version of Microsoft Office introduced the Ribbon interface which is a panel that houses a fixed arrangement of command buttons and icons, organizes commands as a set of tabs, each grouping relevant commands. The Ribbon is present in Microsoft Word 2007, Excel 2007, PowerPoint 2007, Access 2007 and some Outlook 2007 windows. The Ribbon is not user customizable in Office 2007. Each application has a different set of tabs which exposes various functionalities that the application offers. For example, while Excel has a tab for the graphing capabilities, Word does not; instead, it has tabs to control the formatting of a text document. Within each tab, various related options may be grouped together. The Ribbon is designed to make the features of the application more discoverable and accessible with fewer mouse clicks as compared to the menu-based UI used prior to Office 2007. However, many users felt that the existing menus should have been left alone. In an online survey, intermediate and advanced users self-report that the Ribbon interface had decreased their productivity in using Excel by 20%. Moving the mouse scroll wheel while on any of the tabs on the Ribbon will cycle through all of the tabs. The Ribbon can be minimized by double clicking the active tab's title, such as the Home text. Without third-party add-ins, it is not possible to remove the Ribbon, modify it, or replace it with menus with the normal Office 2007 functions. There are third party add-ins which can be purchased that can bring menus and toolbars to Office 2007 as well as add-ins which allows users to customize the Ribbon commands.<br />
<br />
=== Add-ins to restore the menu/customize the Ribbon ===<br />
Add-ins that restore the ability to use a standard Windows menus and toolbars interface include Classic Menu for Office, ToolbarToggle, and Ubitmenu. Others like RibbonCustomizer enable the customization of the Ribbon interface. Office 2010 would later add the ability for users to customize the Ribbon out of the box.<br />
<br />
=== Criticism of the Ribbon ===<br />
Even though the Ribbon can be hidden, the new interface crowds the Office work area, especially for notebook users. Many people criticized its large icons for being way too distracting. Essentially, the GUI-type interface of the Ribbon contrasts sharply with the older menus that were organized according to the typical functions undertaken in paper-based offices: for instance, the "File" menu dealt with opening, renaming, saving, and printing a file, and the "Edit" menu dealt with making changes to the content of the file. As a result, users who were more familiar with the logic of the old menus would feel some frustration with the new, more visually oriented Ribbon. Upgrading to Office 2007 presented dangers to certain data, such as templates, macros, and email messages due to the new XML-based file format that was introduced, making it incompatible with previous versions of Office unless third-party add-ons were installed for the older versions. The Ribbon cannot be moved from the top to the side of the page, as floating toolbars could be. Some users with experience using previous versions of Microsoft Office complained about having to find features in the Ribbon. Others state that having learned to use the new interface, it improved the speed of their productivity which resulted in the creation of more professional-looking documents. Microsoft released a series of small programs, help sheets, videos and add-ins to help users learn the new interface more quickly.<br />
<br />
== System requirements ==<br />
Office 2007 requires [[Windows XP]] SP2 or higher to run. An extended kernel was made for [[Windows 2000]] which allows it to run on that version too, however with some bugs. It is the last version of Microsoft Office to officially support Windows XP SP2 and [[Windows Vista]] pre-SP1; as the following version, Microsoft Office 2010 only supports Windows XP 32-bit SP3 or later and Windows Vista SP1 or later. Officially, Office 2007 is not supported on [[Windows 11]].<br />
<br />
== List of known builds ==<br />
{{builds legend}}<br />
<br />
=== Alpha ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 3111|12.0.3111.1010}}<br />
<br />
=== Beta 1 ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 3417|12.0.3417.1004}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 3820|12.0.3820.1004}}<br />
<br />
=== Beta 2 ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 4017|12.0.4017.1005}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 4407|12.0.4407.1005}}<br />
<br />
=== RTM ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 4518|12.0.4518.1014}}<br />
<br />
=== Service Pack 1 ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 6213|12.0.6213.1000}}<br />
<br />
=== Service Pack 2 ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 6425|12.0.6425.1000}}<br />
<br />
=== Service Pack 3 ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Office 2007 build 6607|12.0.6607.1000}}<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:2121.png|Excel<br />
File:Office2007PowerPointAbout.png|PowerPoint<br />
File:Microsoft Access b1.png|Access<br />
File:Microsoft Publisher b1.png|Publisher<br />
File:1. OneNote basics - Microsoft Office OneNote 0 b1.png|OneNote<br />
File:Microsoft Office Picture Manager b1.png|Picture Manager<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:Applications]]<br />
[[Category:Microsoft]]<br />
[[Category:Microsoft Office]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_1.0&diff=313826Windows 1.02024-01-07T15:17:04Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 313824 by TechActivate 781 (talk) nvm already there</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows version<br />
|logo = Windows logo and wordmark (1985).svg<br />
|image = Windows1-1.04-DesktopIM1024.png<br />
|family = 16<br />
|version = 1.0<br />
|latestbuild = [[Windows 1.04|1.04]]<br />
|preliminary = Interface Manager<br>Window Manager<br />
|arch = x86 16-bit<br />
|releasedate = 1985-11-20<br />
|support = 2001-12-31<br />
|replaced-by = [[Windows 2.x]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 1.0''' is the first major release of [[Microsoft Windows]], which was released to manufacturing on 20 November 1985 in the United States, and later internationally in May 1986. It is a graphical shell that runs on top of [[MS-DOS]] and provides a cooperative multitasking environment that can run applications specifically targeting Windows itself as well as a subset of compatible MS-DOS applications. Aside from being available as a full user environment, it also exists in a runtime variant that developers could ship with their applications. Despite lukewarm contemporary reviews, it enjoyed moderate success and was eventually succeeded by [[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]] in 1987.<br />
<br />
The environment consists of three major components: the Kernel (<code>KERNEL.EXE</code>), which provides base services such as the [[w:New Executable|New Executable]] loader, memory management and multitasking; the Graphical Device Interface (<code>GDI.EXE</code>), which provides a device-independent interface to draw graphics onto the screen; and User (<code>USER.EXE</code>), which implements the actual user interface on top of GDI. This base structure was kept intact by later versions of Windows and eventually also carried over to Win32.<br />
<br />
Unlike any later releases, Windows 1.0 primarily manages windows by [[w:Tiling window manager|tiling]] them rather by [[w:Stacking window manager|stacking]]. This was a design choice promoted by former [[w:Xerox PARC|Xerox PARC]] employees, which was backed by their research done during PARC's Cedar project, rather than a legal or implementation limitation. In fact, Windows 1.0 does also support overlapping windows, although this ability is limited to popup windows and certain controls such as menus and dropdowns.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
{{CN|sect=section}}<br />
<!-- the sources are microsoft employees that we emailed --><br />
In 1981, the Apps division of Microsoft (Microsoft had two primary divisions during this time—"Systems" and "Apps", for systems software and application development respectively) began to develop a common interface library for all of the productivity applications being developed within the division at the time (mostly Word and the Multiplan spreadsheet). This went by several names, notably MUSH (Microsoft User SHell) and Interface Manager, and is an entirely text-mode UI framework signified by the "session control" strip with context-specific commands at the bottom of the screen. There were also brief plans for a "visual shell" using this UI to be shipped using DOS 2.0, but these were scrapped before the final release. Variants of the MUSH/Interface Manager interface would ship in DOS Word 1.0 and Multiplan in 1982 and 1983, after the development of the Windows product had already begun.<br />
<br />
At the same time that Interface Manager was being developed, a European standards committee was developing a standard for computer graphics, known as GKS (Graphical Kernel System). Microsoft wished to create a software product that would implement this standard on top of MS-DOS in a device-independent manner; Microsoft hired a developer to start this endeavour at the beginning of 1982, with another being transferred from Compiled Basic to assist with shrinking the code down later (mostly by converting it from C to assembly to meet the memory limitations of early IBM PCs) later that year. This project was dubbed GDI (Graphics Device Independence), later renamed to Graphics Device Interface, initially focusing on vector graphics.<br />
<br />
It was eventually decided in the middle of 1982 to merge the Interface Manager and GDI teams into one team to develop a GUI-based package with device-independent graphics drawing, which gradually evolved into a (mostly) fully-fledged operating system with its own API and executable format. Initially this was called "Microsoft Window Manager"; a series of mockups and demo applications designed to resemble the final product ([[Windows 1.0 BYTE demo|Demonstration Version 0.01]]) was shown off to ''BYTE'' magazine in September 1983 under this name, featuring overlapping windows and showcasing both "cooperative" and "uncooperative" DOS applications that directly modified video memory. The product had been renamed to "Windows" by the time it was announced on 10 November 1983, with an [[Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX build|early build]] demoed at COMDEX '83 two weeks later. By this time, the design of the standard window had changed to a design closer to the final version, with tiled windows (these were not done for copyright reasons and were instead done because of usability studies from Xerox PARC, where some of the original developers of Windows were hired from) and a messagebar at the top of the screen that would eventually be removed later in the product's development cycle (the UI changes being significant enough for ''BYTE'' to mention in their article). The original announced release date was April 1984; this slipped several times (the original April 1984 date had already slipped internally, from the end of 1983) and was most likely never realistic in the first place, with a pre-alpha release strictly for developers not even shipping until the end of May. <br />
<br />
These development releases were very unstable and represented a rapidly changing system that was in no way even close to being ready for release—despite Microsoft's repeated promises of imminent release—with critical elements required for a functioning operating system such as a functioning memory management system not present until the [[Windows 1.0 Development Release 5|fifth development release]] at the end of October 1984 (which was almost immediately replaced by code essentially copy-pasted from [[Multitasking MS-DOS 4]] and "wrapped" for Windows' use by early 1985) and the executable format and basic API tenets (such as individual registering of window procedures being changed to window classes) completely changing several times as late as January 1985. The development releases were followed with an [[Windows 1.0 Alpha Release|Alpha Release]] (with a very different and completely incompatible API to the previous development release 5) in January 1985, followed up by a [[Windows 1.0 Beta Release|beta release]] in May 1985. By this time, Windows was scheduled to release on June 28, 1985, but when that date was reached developers were simply sent yet another beta release (which is presently lost); approximately a month after that Microsoft sent out the "[[Windows 1.0 Premiere Edition|Premiere Edition]]", a glorified beta release, to the press (likely to prove the product existed, as it was often dubbed 'vaporware') and OEMs, and at least one OEM shipped a pre-release version of the product ([[Windows 1.xx|version 1.xx]], in September 1985), possibly out of contractual obligations or mere frustration with Microsoft's apparent inability to complete Windows.<br />
<br />
After a sustained period of crunch (including at least one developer, the same Gabe Newell that later founded Valve, regularly sleeping in the office) throughout the summer and autumn of 1985 and a series of semi-regular beta and "Retail Beta" releases through the next few months, the operating system was finally completed on 14 November 1985, and sent into mass production the next day. While it was a high-quality product with few bugs by all accounts, the operating system was faulted for high hardware requirements, especially requiring expensive, optional hardware for the time (such as a mouse); despite this, it was successful enough for Microsoft to begin working on international versions (released as version 1.02) and ship several bugfixed revisins (1.03 and 1.04), and at the same time developing "Windows 1.1", later renamed to "Windows 1.5", which would count among its features overlapping windows (which are internally supported in Windows 1.0's window manager, with tiling done on top) and, in the more expensive "Windows/386" SKU, the VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor) driver, which provided the ability to utilize the features of the Intel 80386 processor to pre-emptively multitask MS-DOS apps. After around two years of work and four external alpha and beta releases, it would be renamed to [[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]], first with version 2.01 released in September 1987 for OEMs, and 2.03 released three months later for retail consumers. <!-- possibly 2.02 too --><br />
<br />
On 31 December 2001, Microsoft declared Windows 1.0 obsolete, and stopped providing support for the operating system.<br />
<br />
== System requirements ==<br />
According to Microsoft, the following are the recommended system requirements for Windows 1.0 and its beta releases.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061107143753/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/32905 Windows Version History], ''Microsoft Support''. 19 July 2005. Archived from the [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/32905 original] on 7 November 2006.</ref> This table takes account retail versions; OEM versions will vary depending on the hardware that it was intended to be installed on.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Recommended system requirements<br />
|-<br />
! Name<br />
! CPU<br />
! RAM<br />
! Storage<br />
! Video adapter<br />
! [[MS-DOS]] version<br />
! Mouse<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Development Release 5]]<br />
| rowspan=6 | 8088 processor<br />
| rowspan=2 | 512 KB<br />
| rowspan=2 | One hard disk<br />
| Hercules or CGA<br />
| rowspan=3 | [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.00]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | Microsoft-compatible pointing device required<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Alpha Release]]<br />
| rowspan=4 | Hercules, CGA, or EGA<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Beta Release]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | 256 KB<br />
| rowspan=4 | Two floppy disks or one hard disk<br />
| rowspan=4 | Microsoft-compatible pointing device recommended but not required<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.01]] and [[Windows 1.02|1.02]]<br />
| [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.10]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.03]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | 320 KB<br />
| rowspan=2 | [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.20]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.04]]<br />
| Hercules, CGA, EGA, or VGA{{efn|VGA support only included in the IBM OEM release.}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
Windows 1.0 does not support [[MS-DOS]] versions above [[MS-DOS 3]] due to a bug in the logo code that does not accept MS-DOS versions outside of 2.x and 3.x. All versions of Windows 1.0 will crash on startup on MS-DOS 4.00 and above if <code>SETVER</code> is not run on <code>WIN100.BIN</code> to report a MS-DOS version between 2.00 and 3.31. It is additionally not compatible with [[Multitasking MS-DOS 4]] versions based on build 6.7 due to kernel-level incompatibilities with DOS, and only works on the November 1986 OEM build because the kernel patches Windows during boot in order to force it to run correctly.<br />
<br />
=== Technical implementation === <br />
Windows 1.03's <code>WIN.CNF</code> (the launcher part of <code>WIN.COM</code>) checks for precisely 0x3500 x86 paragraphs, or 217,088 (0x35000) bytes, contiguously available for use using DOS memory allocation functions (it attempts to allocate the whole address space, returns what DOS actually gives it and then compares it against 0x3500)<br />
<br />
== Slow boot ==<br />
By default, the [[Windows Setup]] combines core system libraries, drivers and font into two data blobs named <code>WIN100.BIN</code> and <code>WIN100.OVL</code>, which are used to decrease the boot time.<br />
<br />
Windows can be forced to load each library and driver individually with a configuration known as "slow boot". This can be achieved by carrying out the following steps:<br />
# Copy all files from the Setup and Build disks to a directory.<br />
# Replace <code>KERNEL.EXE</code> with the debug kernel that is distributed with the SDK. (The retail kernel does not support slow boot, unlike [[Windows 2.x]].)<br />
# Select the keyboard, mouse and display drivers and rename them to <code>KEYBOARD.DRV</code>, <code>MOUSE.DRV</code> and <code>DISPLAY.DRV</code>, respectively.<br />
# Rename <code>LOFONTS.FON</code> (for low resolution display adapters, such as the CGA) or <code>HIFONTS.FON</code> (for higher resolution display adapters, such as EGA or Hercules) to <code>FONTS.FON</code>.<br />
# Rename the grabber file (<code>.GRB</code>) and logo file (<code>.LGO</code>) that matches the selected display driver to <code>DISPLAY.GRB</code> and <code>DISPLAY.LGO</code>, respectively.<br />
# Create a dummy <code>WIN100.OVL</code> file.<br />
<br />
After following the above steps, Windows can be launched by executing <code>KERNEL.EXE</code> directly instead of <code>WIN.COM</code>.<br />
<br />
== Easter egg ==<br />
[[File:WinTeamBox.png|thumb|"The Windows Team" Easter egg in [[Windows 1.01]]|230px]]<br />
[[Windows 1.xx]] and newer versions include an Easter egg, which shows a scrolling list of people that were involved with the development of Windows alongside a "Congrats!" button. Double-clicking the list box also changes the background of the Easter egg window to tiled smiley faces.<ref>[https://twitter.com/mswin_bat/status/1504788425525719043 Lucas Brooks on Twitter]</ref> Windows 2.0 also contains a [[Windows 2.x#Easter egg|similar version]] of this Easter egg. The sequence for triggering the feature depends on the version:<br />
* 1.xx: Press {{key press|Alt|⇧ Shift|Esc|Enter}}.<ref>[https://twitter.com/JoeyBeattie2/status/1505262075744067589 Joey Beattie on Twitter]</ref><br />
* 1.01 and later: Hold {{key press|Alt}} and then {{key press|Esc}}, release {{key press|Alt}} and then {{key press|Esc}}, press {{key press|Esc}} twice and then press {{key press|Backspace}}.<ref>[https://twitter.com/mswin_bat/status/1505178629306994688 Lucas Brooks on Twitter]</ref><br />
<br />
The credits are stored as encrypted data appended to the end of bitmap 1 in <code>USER.EXE</code>, which contains the smiley face used in the Easter egg. The contents of the credits changed on multiple occasions throughout the version's lifetime &ndash; the original variant in Windows 1.xx included [[Document:Windows 1.xx credits|20 names]] in the so-called "The Secret List". The list was later renamed to "The Windows Team" in [[Windows 1.01]] and expanded to [[Document:Windows 1.01 credits|36 names]]. [[Windows 1.04]] then almost doubled the list's length, bringing it to [[Document:Windows 1.04 credits|66 names]] total.<br />
<br />
== List of known builds ==<br />
{{builds legend}}<br />
=== Multiplan-like demos ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 BYTE demo|Window Manager Demonstration 0.01 (''BYTE'' demo)}}<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Interface Manager Internal Test Release 3|Interface Manager Internal Test Release #3}}<br />
<br />
=== Later demos ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Personal Computer News 1983-12-01 build|''Personal Computer News'' 1983-12-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX Press Material build|Fall COMDEX Press Material build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 InfoWorld 1983-11-21 build|''InfoWorld'' 1983-11-21 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-10 announcement build|1983-11-10 announcement build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-01 build|1983-11-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX build|Fall COMDEX build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-20 build|1983-11-20 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1984-02-22 build|1984-02-22 build}}<br />
<br />
=== Development releases ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 1|Development Release #1}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 2|Development Release #2}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Tandy 2000 builds|Tandy 2000 builds}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 3|Development Release #3}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 4|Development Release #4}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Development Release 5|Development Release #5}}<br />
<br />
=== Pre-release ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Alpha Release|Alpha Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Science et Vie Micro build|''Science et Vie Micro'' build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 InfoWorld 1985-07-01 build|''InfoWorld'' 1985-07-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Beta Release|Beta Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Windows 1.0 Final Beta Release|Final Beta Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Preliminary Version 0.50|Preliminary Version 0.50}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 PC Mag 1985-08-20 build|''PC Mag'' 1985-08-20 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-06-29 build|1985-06-29 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Premiere Edition|Premiere Edition}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 September 1985 builds|September 1985 builds}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-10-11 build|Retail Beta Release (1985-10-11)}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-10-28 build|Retail Beta Release (1985-10-28)}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.00.08|Beta V1.00.08}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.00.09|Retail Beta Release 1.00.09}}<br />
<br />
=== Early OEM release ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.xx|1.xx}}<br />
<br />
=== Retail release ===<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Windows 1.00|1.00}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.01 ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.01|1.01}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows TC 1.00 (Tulip OEM)|TC 1.00 ''(Tulip OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.AX (Zenith Z-100 OEM)|1.AX ''(Zenith Z-100 OEM)''}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.02 ====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.02.02|Beta V1.02.02}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.02|1.02}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.03 ====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.03.04|Beta V1.03.04}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03|1.03}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows VR1.03 (Apricot XEN OEM)|VR1.03 ''(Apricot XEN OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03.04 (DEC Rainbow 100 OEM)|1.03.04 ''(DEC Rainbow 100 OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows A.01.03 (HP-150 OEM)|A.01.03 ''(HP-150 OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03 (NEC PC-9800 OEM)|1.03 ''(NEC PC-9800 OEM)''}}<br />
<br />
====1.04====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.04|1.04}}<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|1]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_1.0&diff=313824Windows 1.02024-01-07T15:16:08Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* List of known builds */ added 1983-11-10 announcement</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows version<br />
|logo = Windows logo and wordmark (1985).svg<br />
|image = Windows1-1.04-DesktopIM1024.png<br />
|family = 16<br />
|version = 1.0<br />
|latestbuild = [[Windows 1.04|1.04]]<br />
|preliminary = Interface Manager<br>Window Manager<br />
|arch = x86 16-bit<br />
|releasedate = 1985-11-20<br />
|support = 2001-12-31<br />
|replaced-by = [[Windows 2.x]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 1.0''' is the first major release of [[Microsoft Windows]], which was released to manufacturing on 20 November 1985 in the United States, and later internationally in May 1986. It is a graphical shell that runs on top of [[MS-DOS]] and provides a cooperative multitasking environment that can run applications specifically targeting Windows itself as well as a subset of compatible MS-DOS applications. Aside from being available as a full user environment, it also exists in a runtime variant that developers could ship with their applications. Despite lukewarm contemporary reviews, it enjoyed moderate success and was eventually succeeded by [[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]] in 1987.<br />
<br />
The environment consists of three major components: the Kernel (<code>KERNEL.EXE</code>), which provides base services such as the [[w:New Executable|New Executable]] loader, memory management and multitasking; the Graphical Device Interface (<code>GDI.EXE</code>), which provides a device-independent interface to draw graphics onto the screen; and User (<code>USER.EXE</code>), which implements the actual user interface on top of GDI. This base structure was kept intact by later versions of Windows and eventually also carried over to Win32.<br />
<br />
Unlike any later releases, Windows 1.0 primarily manages windows by [[w:Tiling window manager|tiling]] them rather by [[w:Stacking window manager|stacking]]. This was a design choice promoted by former [[w:Xerox PARC|Xerox PARC]] employees, which was backed by their research done during PARC's Cedar project, rather than a legal or implementation limitation. In fact, Windows 1.0 does also support overlapping windows, although this ability is limited to popup windows and certain controls such as menus and dropdowns.<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
{{CN|sect=section}}<br />
<!-- the sources are microsoft employees that we emailed --><br />
In 1981, the Apps division of Microsoft (Microsoft had two primary divisions during this time—"Systems" and "Apps", for systems software and application development respectively) began to develop a common interface library for all of the productivity applications being developed within the division at the time (mostly Word and the Multiplan spreadsheet). This went by several names, notably MUSH (Microsoft User SHell) and Interface Manager, and is an entirely text-mode UI framework signified by the "session control" strip with context-specific commands at the bottom of the screen. There were also brief plans for a "visual shell" using this UI to be shipped using DOS 2.0, but these were scrapped before the final release. Variants of the MUSH/Interface Manager interface would ship in DOS Word 1.0 and Multiplan in 1982 and 1983, after the development of the Windows product had already begun.<br />
<br />
At the same time that Interface Manager was being developed, a European standards committee was developing a standard for computer graphics, known as GKS (Graphical Kernel System). Microsoft wished to create a software product that would implement this standard on top of MS-DOS in a device-independent manner; Microsoft hired a developer to start this endeavour at the beginning of 1982, with another being transferred from Compiled Basic to assist with shrinking the code down later (mostly by converting it from C to assembly to meet the memory limitations of early IBM PCs) later that year. This project was dubbed GDI (Graphics Device Independence), later renamed to Graphics Device Interface, initially focusing on vector graphics.<br />
<br />
It was eventually decided in the middle of 1982 to merge the Interface Manager and GDI teams into one team to develop a GUI-based package with device-independent graphics drawing, which gradually evolved into a (mostly) fully-fledged operating system with its own API and executable format. Initially this was called "Microsoft Window Manager"; a series of mockups and demo applications designed to resemble the final product ([[Windows 1.0 BYTE demo|Demonstration Version 0.01]]) was shown off to ''BYTE'' magazine in September 1983 under this name, featuring overlapping windows and showcasing both "cooperative" and "uncooperative" DOS applications that directly modified video memory. The product had been renamed to "Windows" by the time it was announced on 10 November 1983, with an [[Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX build|early build]] demoed at COMDEX '83 two weeks later. By this time, the design of the standard window had changed to a design closer to the final version, with tiled windows (these were not done for copyright reasons and were instead done because of usability studies from Xerox PARC, where some of the original developers of Windows were hired from) and a messagebar at the top of the screen that would eventually be removed later in the product's development cycle (the UI changes being significant enough for ''BYTE'' to mention in their article). The original announced release date was April 1984; this slipped several times (the original April 1984 date had already slipped internally, from the end of 1983) and was most likely never realistic in the first place, with a pre-alpha release strictly for developers not even shipping until the end of May. <br />
<br />
These development releases were very unstable and represented a rapidly changing system that was in no way even close to being ready for release—despite Microsoft's repeated promises of imminent release—with critical elements required for a functioning operating system such as a functioning memory management system not present until the [[Windows 1.0 Development Release 5|fifth development release]] at the end of October 1984 (which was almost immediately replaced by code essentially copy-pasted from [[Multitasking MS-DOS 4]] and "wrapped" for Windows' use by early 1985) and the executable format and basic API tenets (such as individual registering of window procedures being changed to window classes) completely changing several times as late as January 1985. The development releases were followed with an [[Windows 1.0 Alpha Release|Alpha Release]] (with a very different and completely incompatible API to the previous development release 5) in January 1985, followed up by a [[Windows 1.0 Beta Release|beta release]] in May 1985. By this time, Windows was scheduled to release on June 28, 1985, but when that date was reached developers were simply sent yet another beta release (which is presently lost); approximately a month after that Microsoft sent out the "[[Windows 1.0 Premiere Edition|Premiere Edition]]", a glorified beta release, to the press (likely to prove the product existed, as it was often dubbed 'vaporware') and OEMs, and at least one OEM shipped a pre-release version of the product ([[Windows 1.xx|version 1.xx]], in September 1985), possibly out of contractual obligations or mere frustration with Microsoft's apparent inability to complete Windows.<br />
<br />
After a sustained period of crunch (including at least one developer, the same Gabe Newell that later founded Valve, regularly sleeping in the office) throughout the summer and autumn of 1985 and a series of semi-regular beta and "Retail Beta" releases through the next few months, the operating system was finally completed on 14 November 1985, and sent into mass production the next day. While it was a high-quality product with few bugs by all accounts, the operating system was faulted for high hardware requirements, especially requiring expensive, optional hardware for the time (such as a mouse); despite this, it was successful enough for Microsoft to begin working on international versions (released as version 1.02) and ship several bugfixed revisins (1.03 and 1.04), and at the same time developing "Windows 1.1", later renamed to "Windows 1.5", which would count among its features overlapping windows (which are internally supported in Windows 1.0's window manager, with tiling done on top) and, in the more expensive "Windows/386" SKU, the VMM (Virtual Machine Monitor) driver, which provided the ability to utilize the features of the Intel 80386 processor to pre-emptively multitask MS-DOS apps. After around two years of work and four external alpha and beta releases, it would be renamed to [[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]], first with version 2.01 released in September 1987 for OEMs, and 2.03 released three months later for retail consumers. <!-- possibly 2.02 too --><br />
<br />
On 31 December 2001, Microsoft declared Windows 1.0 obsolete, and stopped providing support for the operating system.<br />
<br />
== System requirements ==<br />
According to Microsoft, the following are the recommended system requirements for Windows 1.0 and its beta releases.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061107143753/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/32905 Windows Version History], ''Microsoft Support''. 19 July 2005. Archived from the [http://support.microsoft.com/kb/32905 original] on 7 November 2006.</ref> This table takes account retail versions; OEM versions will vary depending on the hardware that it was intended to be installed on.<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Recommended system requirements<br />
|-<br />
! Name<br />
! CPU<br />
! RAM<br />
! Storage<br />
! Video adapter<br />
! [[MS-DOS]] version<br />
! Mouse<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Development Release 5]]<br />
| rowspan=6 | 8088 processor<br />
| rowspan=2 | 512 KB<br />
| rowspan=2 | One hard disk<br />
| Hercules or CGA<br />
| rowspan=3 | [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.00]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | Microsoft-compatible pointing device required<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Alpha Release]]<br />
| rowspan=4 | Hercules, CGA, or EGA<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.0 Beta Release]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | 256 KB<br />
| rowspan=4 | Two floppy disks or one hard disk<br />
| rowspan=4 | Microsoft-compatible pointing device recommended but not required<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.01]] and [[Windows 1.02|1.02]]<br />
| [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.10]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.03]]<br />
| rowspan=2 | 320 KB<br />
| rowspan=2 | [[MS-DOS 2.00]] to [[MS-DOS 3.20]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[Windows 1.04]]<br />
| Hercules, CGA, EGA, or VGA{{efn|VGA support only included in the IBM OEM release.}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
<br />
Windows 1.0 does not support [[MS-DOS]] versions above [[MS-DOS 3]] due to a bug in the logo code that does not accept MS-DOS versions outside of 2.x and 3.x. All versions of Windows 1.0 will crash on startup on MS-DOS 4.00 and above if <code>SETVER</code> is not run on <code>WIN100.BIN</code> to report a MS-DOS version between 2.00 and 3.31. It is additionally not compatible with [[Multitasking MS-DOS 4]] versions based on build 6.7 due to kernel-level incompatibilities with DOS, and only works on the November 1986 OEM build because the kernel patches Windows during boot in order to force it to run correctly.<br />
<br />
=== Technical implementation === <br />
Windows 1.03's <code>WIN.CNF</code> (the launcher part of <code>WIN.COM</code>) checks for precisely 0x3500 x86 paragraphs, or 217,088 (0x35000) bytes, contiguously available for use using DOS memory allocation functions (it attempts to allocate the whole address space, returns what DOS actually gives it and then compares it against 0x3500)<br />
<br />
== Slow boot ==<br />
By default, the [[Windows Setup]] combines core system libraries, drivers and font into two data blobs named <code>WIN100.BIN</code> and <code>WIN100.OVL</code>, which are used to decrease the boot time.<br />
<br />
Windows can be forced to load each library and driver individually with a configuration known as "slow boot". This can be achieved by carrying out the following steps:<br />
# Copy all files from the Setup and Build disks to a directory.<br />
# Replace <code>KERNEL.EXE</code> with the debug kernel that is distributed with the SDK. (The retail kernel does not support slow boot, unlike [[Windows 2.x]].)<br />
# Select the keyboard, mouse and display drivers and rename them to <code>KEYBOARD.DRV</code>, <code>MOUSE.DRV</code> and <code>DISPLAY.DRV</code>, respectively.<br />
# Rename <code>LOFONTS.FON</code> (for low resolution display adapters, such as the CGA) or <code>HIFONTS.FON</code> (for higher resolution display adapters, such as EGA or Hercules) to <code>FONTS.FON</code>.<br />
# Rename the grabber file (<code>.GRB</code>) and logo file (<code>.LGO</code>) that matches the selected display driver to <code>DISPLAY.GRB</code> and <code>DISPLAY.LGO</code>, respectively.<br />
# Create a dummy <code>WIN100.OVL</code> file.<br />
<br />
After following the above steps, Windows can be launched by executing <code>KERNEL.EXE</code> directly instead of <code>WIN.COM</code>.<br />
<br />
== Easter egg ==<br />
[[File:WinTeamBox.png|thumb|"The Windows Team" Easter egg in [[Windows 1.01]]|230px]]<br />
[[Windows 1.xx]] and newer versions include an Easter egg, which shows a scrolling list of people that were involved with the development of Windows alongside a "Congrats!" button. Double-clicking the list box also changes the background of the Easter egg window to tiled smiley faces.<ref>[https://twitter.com/mswin_bat/status/1504788425525719043 Lucas Brooks on Twitter]</ref> Windows 2.0 also contains a [[Windows 2.x#Easter egg|similar version]] of this Easter egg. The sequence for triggering the feature depends on the version:<br />
* 1.xx: Press {{key press|Alt|⇧ Shift|Esc|Enter}}.<ref>[https://twitter.com/JoeyBeattie2/status/1505262075744067589 Joey Beattie on Twitter]</ref><br />
* 1.01 and later: Hold {{key press|Alt}} and then {{key press|Esc}}, release {{key press|Alt}} and then {{key press|Esc}}, press {{key press|Esc}} twice and then press {{key press|Backspace}}.<ref>[https://twitter.com/mswin_bat/status/1505178629306994688 Lucas Brooks on Twitter]</ref><br />
<br />
The credits are stored as encrypted data appended to the end of bitmap 1 in <code>USER.EXE</code>, which contains the smiley face used in the Easter egg. The contents of the credits changed on multiple occasions throughout the version's lifetime &ndash; the original variant in Windows 1.xx included [[Document:Windows 1.xx credits|20 names]] in the so-called "The Secret List". The list was later renamed to "The Windows Team" in [[Windows 1.01]] and expanded to [[Document:Windows 1.01 credits|36 names]]. [[Windows 1.04]] then almost doubled the list's length, bringing it to [[Document:Windows 1.04 credits|66 names]] total.<br />
<br />
== List of known builds ==<br />
{{builds legend}}<br />
=== Multiplan-like demos ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 BYTE demo|Window Manager Demonstration 0.01 (''BYTE'' demo)}}<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Interface Manager Internal Test Release 3|Interface Manager Internal Test Release #3}}<br />
<br />
=== Later demos ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-10 announcement build'' 1983-12-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Personal Computer News 1983-12-01 build|''Personal Computer News'' 1983-12-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX Press Material build|Fall COMDEX Press Material build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 InfoWorld 1983-11-21 build|''InfoWorld'' 1983-11-21 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-10 announcement build|1983-11-10 announcement build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-01 build|1983-11-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Fall COMDEX build|Fall COMDEX build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1983-11-20 build|1983-11-20 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1984-02-22 build|1984-02-22 build}}<br />
<br />
=== Development releases ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 1|Development Release #1}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 2|Development Release #2}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Tandy 2000 builds|Tandy 2000 builds}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 3|Development Release #3}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Development Release 4|Development Release #4}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Development Release 5|Development Release #5}}<br />
<br />
=== Pre-release ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Alpha Release|Alpha Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Science et Vie Micro build|''Science et Vie Micro'' build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 InfoWorld 1985-07-01 build|''InfoWorld'' 1985-07-01 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Beta Release|Beta Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Windows 1.0 Final Beta Release|Final Beta Release}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 Preliminary Version 0.50|Preliminary Version 0.50}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 PC Mag 1985-08-20 build|''PC Mag'' 1985-08-20 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-06-29 build|1985-06-29 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.0 Premiere Edition|Premiere Edition}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 September 1985 builds|September 1985 builds}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-10-11 build|Retail Beta Release (1985-10-11)}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.0 1985-10-28 build|Retail Beta Release (1985-10-28)}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.00.08|Beta V1.00.08}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.00.09|Retail Beta Release 1.00.09}}<br />
<br />
=== Early OEM release ===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.xx|1.xx}}<br />
<br />
=== Retail release ===<br />
{{BLItem Fake|Windows 1.00|1.00}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.01 ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.01|1.01}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows TC 1.00 (Tulip OEM)|TC 1.00 ''(Tulip OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.AX (Zenith Z-100 OEM)|1.AX ''(Zenith Z-100 OEM)''}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.02 ====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.02.02|Beta V1.02.02}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.02|1.02}}<br />
<br />
==== 1.03 ====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 1.03.04|Beta V1.03.04}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03|1.03}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows VR1.03 (Apricot XEN OEM)|VR1.03 ''(Apricot XEN OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03.04 (DEC Rainbow 100 OEM)|1.03.04 ''(DEC Rainbow 100 OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows A.01.03 (HP-150 OEM)|A.01.03 ''(HP-150 OEM)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.03 (NEC PC-9800 OEM)|1.03 ''(NEC PC-9800 OEM)''}}<br />
<br />
====1.04====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 1.04|1.04}}<br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|1]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Talk:86-DOS_0.11&diff=312606Talk:86-DOS 0.112024-01-01T09:35:15Z<p>TechActivate 781: Created page with "Shouldn't this page be called QDOS 0.11? This article on Wikipedia says that the 86-DOS name was first used at 0.2. ~~~~"</p>
<hr />
<div>Shouldn't this page be called QDOS 0.11? This article on [[w:86-DOS#Versions|Wikipedia]] says that the 86-DOS name was first used at 0.2. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 09:35, 1 January 2024 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=MS-DOS&diff=312350MS-DOS2023-12-30T16:14:20Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
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<div>{{Infobox operating system<br />
|title = MS-DOS<br />
|logo = MSDOS-LOGO.SVG<br />
|logo size = 64px<br />
|screenshot = MS-DOS-6.22-Demo.png<br />
|developer = Microsoft Corporation<br />
|source model = Closed source for most versions; Open source for versions 1.25 and 2.11<br />
|initial release version = [[QDOS 0.10]]<br />
|initial release date = July 1980<br />
|latest release version = [[MS-DOS in Windows 9x#MS-DOS 8.00|MS-DOS 8.0]]<br />
|latest release date = 14 September 2000<br />
|supported platforms = x86<br />
|kernel type = Monolithic<br />
|user interface = CLI<br />
|license = Proprietary for most versions; MIT license for versions 1.25 and 2.0<br />
|discontinued = yes<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''MS-DOS''' (Microsoft Disk Operating System) is a monolithic singletasking operating system developed by [[w:Microsoft|Microsoft]] between 1980 and 2000 for [[w:x86|x86]]-based personal computers. It was the ''de facto'' industry standard environment on the IBM PC and its clones, although it also shipped with many x86-based computers that were otherwise incompatible with IBM.<br />
<br />
By default, MS-DOS is driven by a command line interface; the <code>A></code> or <code>C:\></code> prompt shown when the command processor is ready to accept input ultimately became one of the unofficial symbols of DOS. Several software vendors have developed programs that add a more friendly user interface to manage files and launch other programs. Microsoft itself included such a program, the [[w:DOS_Shell|MS-DOS Shell]], with some versions of MS-DOS.<br />
<br />
There is very limited support for running multiple programs simultaneously in MS-DOS. The operating system allows a program to terminate and stay resident (TSR), meaning that a portion of the program's code can stay present in memory and be triggered by an API call or a hardware interrupt even after the base program exits. A proper [[Multitasking MS-DOS 4|multitasking version]] of MS-DOS was produced in 1986, which shipped to a limited number of OEMs and eventually evolved into [[OS/2]].<br />
<br />
Originally, MS-DOS was not available directly in retail, and was instead distributed by OEMs who licensed it from Microsoft. The manufacturer would receive an OEM Adaptation Kit, which would then be used to build a custom version of MS-DOS with support for a specific machine. However, as the market settled on close to 100% IBM-compatible clones, Microsoft eventually started offering a generic IBM-compatible version of MS-DOS. At first, the generic version was still distributed by the OEMs who bulk-ordered it from Microsoft, although eventually Microsoft started selling MS-DOS directly in retail starting with [[MS-DOS 5]].<br />
<br />
A port of the 16-bit MS-DOS was made for 8-bit MSX computers known as [[MSX-DOS]]. MSX-DOS is based on the MS-DOS 1.25 kernel and uses the same filesystem.<br />
<br />
== Architecture ==<br />
MS-DOS consists of three main components, the DOS BIOS (<code>IO.SYS</code> or <code>IBMBIO.COM</code>), the DOS kernel (<code>MSDOS.SYS</code> or <code>IBMDOS.COM</code>), and the shell (<code>[[COMMAND.COM]]</code>). This is the same layout as used by [[w:CP/M|CP/M]].<br />
<br />
=== DOS BIOS ===<br />
The DOS BIOS (Basic I/O System) is the lower layer of MS-DOS, which communicates directly with the system's hardware and contains resident device drivers (as opposed to installable drivers, loaded from <code>CONFIG.SYS</code>). This module used to be supplied by an OEM and customized for a particular machine; this practice eventually died out as the market settled on close to 100% IBM-compatible machines.<br />
<br />
It also includes the DOS initialization module, <code>SYSINIT</code>, which is invoked by the boot sector when booting into MS-DOS. The module initializes the DOS BIOS as well as the DOS kernel, parses the <code>CONFIG.SYS</code> file and then proceeds to launch the shell.<br />
<br />
=== DOS kernel ===<br />
The DOS kernel is the higher layer of MS-DOS, and provides services including process control, memory management, and file system access. It is equivalent to the Basic Disk Operating System component of [[w:CP/M|CP/M]].<br />
<br />
Process control functionality is very limited due to the system's single-tasking nature. A program can execute another program, although control will not return to the original program until the other program exits. A program can, however, choose to terminate and stay resident (TSR), which leaves a portion of the program present in memory. If the program hooks an interrupt handler before terminating this way, the resident part can get called even when other programs are running, creating an illusion of multitasking.<br />
<br />
Memory management allows programs to allocate conventional memory at runtime as needed. It is necessary when multiple programs are loaded to make sure that the active program does not overwrite the data of the other programs. However, as MS-DOS runs in real mode, there is no memory protection and therefore the allocations are not actually enforced, unlike protected mode operating systems.<br />
<br />
The kernel implements support for File Allocation Table (FAT) family file systems. The original FAT12 file system was adapted from the file system used by Microsoft Standalone Disk BASIC and used 12-bit cluster indices. In the following versions, it was further improved by adding support for subdirectories and larger volumes, and by extending the FAT to use 16-bit and later 32-bit cluster indices. The file system implementation in the MS-DOS kernel is completely bypassed when running DOS applications under [[Windows for Workgroups 3.11]] or later with 32-bit file access enabled; the VFAT virtual driver that implements the feature was later improved in [[Windows 95]] to support [[w:long file names|long file names]].<br />
<br />
The redirector interface, introduced with MS-DOS 3.1, allows bypassing the FAT file system code to implement a custom file system. This was originally intended to be used by network clients as a means of enabling access to files on other networked computers, although it was eventually also used to implement support for the CD-ROM file system in the Microsoft CD-ROM Extensions (MSCDEX).<br />
<br />
Since [[MS-DOS in Windows 9x|MS-DOS 7]], the kernel has been merged into <code>IO.SYS</code>, while <code>MSDOS.SYS</code> serves as a configuration file.<br />
<br />
== Timeline ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! Name<br />
! Initial release<br />
! Last update<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| [[86-DOS]]<br />
| 0.10 (1980)<br />
| 1.14 (1981)<br />
| Initially known as QDOS (Quick and Dirty Operating System)<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;1]]<br />
| 1.20 (1981)<br />
| 1.54 (1982)<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;2]]<br />
| 2.00 (1983)<br />
| 2.25 (1985)<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;3]]<br />
| 3.00 (1984)<br />
| 3.31 (1987)<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[Multitasking MS-DOS&nbsp;4]]<br />
| 4.00 (1985)<br />
| 4.10 (1987)<br />
| Also known as European MS-DOS 4; later evolved into [[OS/2]]<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;4]]<br />
| 4.00 (1988)<br />
| 4.01 (1988)<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;5]]<br />
| 5.00 (1991)<br />
| 5.00A-H (1991)<br />
| First version developed without participation from IBM<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS&nbsp;6]]<br />
| 6.00 (1993)<br />
| 6.22 (1994)<br />
| {{n/a}}<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS in Windows 9x|MS-DOS&nbsp;7]]<br />
| 7.00 (1995)<br />
| 7.10 (1996)<br />
| Included with Windows 95; 7.10 was later included with 95 OSR2 as well as Windows 98<br />
|-<br />
| [[MS-DOS in Windows 9x|MS-DOS&nbsp;8]]<br />
| 8.00 (2000)<br />
| 8.00 (2000)<br />
| Included with Windows Me and used for the startup disk option in Windows XP through Windows 8.1<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[86-DOS]]<br />
* [[Apple DOS]]<br />
*[[AUTOEXEC.BAT]]<br />
* [[COMMAND.COM]]<br />
* [[CP/M]]<br />
* [[DR-DOS]]<br />
* [[FreeDOS]]<br />
* [[HIMEM]]<br />
* [[IO.SYS]]<br />
* [[MSDOS.SYS]]<br />
* [[IBM PC-DOS|PC-DOS]]<br />
<br />
{{MS-DOS}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Operating systems]]<br />
[[Category:Microsoft]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Vista&diff=308753Windows Vista2023-12-02T17:02:34Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 308749 by 186.116.204.214 (talk) there was no controversy, ppl just said it was bad</p>
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<div>{{Infobox Windows version<br />
|logo = Windows Vista.svg<br />
|name = Windows Vista<br />
|codename = Longhorn<br />
|image = WindowsVista-RTM-DesktopAero.png<br />
|family = nt<br />
|version = 6.0<br />
|arch = x86, x64<br />
|latestbuild = [[Windows Vista build 6003|6.0.6003 (Service Pack 2 Update)]]<br />
|releasedate = 2007-01-30<br />
|support = 2017-04-11<br />
|server = [[Windows Server 2008]]<br />
|replaces = [[Windows XP]]<br />
|replaced-by = [[Windows 7]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows Vista''' (codenamed ''Longhorn'') is a major release of [[Microsoft Windows]] released to manufacturing on 8 November 2006<ref>Microsoft. [https://news.microsoft.com/2006/11/08/qa-windows-vista-released-to-manufacturing/ Q&A: Windows Vista Released to Manufacturing], ''Microsoft PressPass''. 8 November 2006.</ref> and made generally available on 30 January 2007. It is the seventh operating system in the Windows NT operating system line, succeeding [[Windows XP]] and preceding [[Windows 7]]. It had one of the longest development periods in Microsoft's history starting in May 2001 and continuing through November 2006, with the project's development having undergone a reset in August 2004.<br />
<br />
Mainstream support ended on 10 April 2012, while extended support ended on 11 April 2017. However, it still runs on 0.11% of computers worldwide as of October 2023.<ref>[https://gs.statcounter.com/windows-version-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-202310-202310-bar Desktop Windows Version Market Share Worldwide], ''StatCounter''.</ref><br />
<br />
This version drops support for the IA-64 architecture and the ability to use boot disks to boot into setup, leaving only the option to boot from optical discs. The ability to upgrade an existing Windows installation from versions prior to [[Windows XP]] was also removed. CD-ROM distributions of this version could be obtained through mail for machines that don't have DVD-ROM drives.<br />
<br />
==Development==<br />
[[File:Longhorn Plex logon concept (circa 2002).png|thumb|[[Plex]]-style logon user interface concept, circa 2002]] Planning for the Longhorn project started in earnest in May 2001,<ref>Galli, Peter. [https://archive.ph/9pNaG Pushing Forward], ''eWeek''. 30 July 2001. Retrieved on 18 April 2022. Archived from [https://www.eweek.com/?p=124379 the original] on 18 April 2022.</ref> originally intended as a bridging release between [[Windows XP|Whistler]] and the later version of Windows codenamed [[Windows Blackcomb|Blackcomb]] (reference to the bar between two mountains in British Columbia, Canada). As development progressed, many features slated for Blackcomb became part of Longhorn, and employees jumped ship from other parts of the company, turning into a major version rather than the minor version it was initially planned as. After an initially quiet development cycle, the first build to leak publicly was [[Windows Longhorn build 3683|build 3683]], which contained a new theme called [[Plex]], as well as the foundations for [[WinFS]], a subsystem that aimed to bring benefits of relational databases to filesystem storage, and Avalon, a new vector-based user interface framework.<br />
<br />
As development slowly progressed prior to the reset, the Longhorn project would end up becoming a largely bloated and unstable piece of vaporware, with release dates constantly being pushed back on multiple occasions. Many components were extended using the still relatively new .NET Framework and Managed C++. Stability increasingly became an issue as development progressed, and very few builds were released to the public as a result. Only two builds were distributed at conferences and to developers: builds [[Windows Longhorn build 4051|4051]] and [[Windows Longhorn build 4074|4074]], released during PDC 2003 and WinHEC 2004 respectively. The last confirmed build prior to the development reset is [[Windows Longhorn build 4093 (main)|build 4093 (main)]], compiled on 19 August 2004.<br />
<br />
Approximately four hours after build 4093 was compiled, Microsoft reset the development of Longhorn and started fresh by using a work-in-progress version of the [[Windows Server 2003|Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1]] codebase, signifying the start of a major restructuring period internally codenamed "Omega-13"; a direct homage to the time travel device of the same name seen in ''[[w:Galaxy Quest|Galaxy Quest]]'''s climax,<ref>Chen, Raymond. [https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20191017-01/?p=103005 By Grabthar's Hammer, it's a ''Galaxy Quest'' documentary], ''The Old New Thing''. 17 October 2019.</ref> which sent the user exactly thirteen seconds back into the past. Immediate post-reset builds were primarily focused on reintegrating features from pre-reset builds whilst maintaining stability, as a ban on usage of the .NET Framework was imposed across a large majority of the Windows source tree. Most of these builds are similar to [[Windows XP]] in the overall look and feel, although markers such as poorly-edited branding (as observed in builds such as [[Windows Vista build 5001|5001]]) were temporarily utilized to distinguish from its predecessor. Few builds from this stage of development have been released, officially or otherwise. Development of Longhorn continued, although many features originally slated for inclusion (such as WinFS and Castles) were delayed or ultimately dropped in order to produce a more realistic set of goals for the OS.<br />
<br />
In April 2005, [[Windows Vista build 5048|build 5048]] was released to testers on WinHEC 2005 to show off the total progress made after the reset, which also demonstrably proved to be significantly more stable over previous builds, despite insiders raising concerns over the then-current state of the operating system's lacking feature set at the time. The first leaked build after the development reset was [[Windows Vista build 5098|5098]]. [[Windows Vista build 5112|Build 5112]] (Beta 1) was released to the public soon afterward in July and showcased an early version of the Aero interface, as well as many stability improvements over [[Windows XP|its predecessor]]. Over the course of two years, many builds (dubbed by Microsoft as ''Community Technology Previews'') were released to testers through a public beta program; the final build pushed out to public preview testers was [[Windows Vista build 5744|Release Candidate 2 (build 5744)]]. The RTM build was [[Windows Vista build 6000.16386|build 6000.16386]], compiled on 1 November 2006 and released to manufacturing on 8 November 2006. The operating system finally reached general availability on 30 January 2007, met with increasingly negative consumer reception.<br />
<br />
In early 2008, Microsoft released the first service pack for Windows Vista, which was also released to the public as a Service Pack for the RTM build. This is the first version of Windows to support UEFI firmware for 64-bit versions. It also added support for the exFAT file system, improved performance and stability, and improved wireless support. As well, The Search link on the right pane of the [[Start menu]] and the ''Search option'' in contextual menus for [[Windows Explorer]] folders have been removed.<br />
<br />
In May 2009, Microsoft released the second and last service pack for Windows Vista, which includes various new features such as wireless and Bluetooth support; most notably, a Bluetooth [[Control Panel]] applet; it also includes Windows Search 4.0 built-in, better support of eSATA drives, support for burning on Blu-ray discs and support for the x64 VIA Nano processor, and also improved performance of the RSS feeds [[Windows Sidebar|sidebar]] gadget, and improved streaming high-definition content. Service Pack 2 is slightly different, in that it needs at least Service Pack 1 to have been installed, in order to update a live OS. Another update, known as the Platform Update for Windows Vista, was released in October 2009, and includes the ''Windows Automation API'' and the Windows Ribbon API. Service Pack 2 is the last update for Windows Vista before being replaced with [[Windows 7]].<br />
<br />
==Naming==<br />
Several product names for the Longhorn project were presented to Microsoft in the lead-up to the final release of the operating system; its final name, ''Windows Vista'', was officially unveiled on 22 July 2005.<ref>Microsoft. [https://news.microsoft.com/2005/07/22/media-alert-microsoft-unveils-official-name-for-longhorn-and-sets-date-for-first-beta-targeted-at-developers-and-it-professionals/ Microsoft Unveils Official Name for “Longhorn” and Sets Date for First Beta Targeted at Developers and IT Professionals], ''Microsoft PressPass''. 22 July 2005.</ref> Greg Sullivan informed Paul Thurrott about how the name Vista focused around the premise of wanting "the PC to adapt you" and aimed in "bringing clarity to your world"; the operating system was intended to be marketed with the terms "Connected, Clear and Confident". Microsoft vice president Jim Allchin expressed their enthusiasm for the product name, stating that it created the "right imagery for the new product capabilities".<ref name="rtg04">Thurrott, Paul. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061109161221/https://www.winsupersite.com/showcase/winvista_roadtogold_04.asp Road to Gold: The Long Road to Windows Vista; Part 4: January - July 2005]. November 1, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
The earliest known build to use the final name is [[Windows Vista build 5112|build 5112]], and the final builds to have any leftovers of the Longhorn codename are two compiles of [[Windows Vista build 5284 (vbl media ehome)|build]] [[Windows Vista build 5284 (vbl core gift)|5284]], with the last traces being removed in January 2006.<br />
<br />
== System requirements ==<br />
During development of pre-reset Longhorn, the system requirements were largely the same as Windows XP, with the sole exception of [[Windows Longhorn build 4001|build 4001]], which required a Pentium III processor or better during setup. However, most builds of Longhorn only install on NTFS partitions, which would be carried to the final release of Vista. Throughout development of post-reset Vista, the system requirements were significantly increased to accommodate new computing standards, such as the use of WDDM to take most advantage of display capabilities, immediately requiring ACPI after replacing <code>NTLDR</code> with <code>BOOTMGR</code>, and greatly increasing the amount of disk space required to install Windows.<br />
<br />
Microsoft recommends Windows Vista to be installed on a system with a processor with a speed of at least 800&nbsp;MHz, at least 512 MB (384 MB for Starter Edition) of RAM, 15 GB of hard drive space, a SVGA or better display adapter, and a DVD-ROM drive.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20070220202529/http://www.microsoft.com:80/windows/products/windowsvista/editions/systemrequirements.mspx</ref> Windows Vista drops support for systems without ACPI. CD-ROM installation is still possible, but such installation method now uses multiple CD-ROMs due to the increased size of the installation media after the shift to WIM installation and wasn't offered in retail.<br />
<br />
Windows Vista's setup doesn't check for a required processor generation or speed to install as long as setup can start, and thus it is possible to install Windows Vista on processors as early as the original Pentium. Windows Vista can also be run with as low as 256 MB of RAM.<br />
<br />
=== Hardware compatibility ===<br />
Intel CPUs whose microarchitectures are based on Haswell or later are not supported on Windows Vista.<ref>https://msfn.org/board/topic/173366-intel-hd-haswell-on-windows-vista/</ref> Numerous issues relating to certain services or applications failing to start on the affected CPUs have been reported by various users, with extreme cases often leading to potential [[bugcheck]]s.<ref>https://msfn.org/board/topic/177509-windows-vista-intel-haswell-issues-documentation/</ref> The [[Windows Vista build 6003|KB4493471 update]] contains a new version of the HAL (hardware abstraction layer) that fixes most of these issues.<br />
<br />
[[Windows XP]], earlier operating systems, and x86 versions of Windows Vista are not affected by the aforementioned problems.<br />
<br />
== Main changes==<br />
=== User interface ===<br />
The new Aero user interface has been introduced, which included large design changes to many of the built-in apps. Microsoft also encouraged third-party developers to make their applications consistent with Aero, with the company for the first time producing a definite set of design guidelines that included advice ranging from icon design to text wording. Compared to previous versions, Aero icons are more skeuomorphic and realistic in design, as well as scaling better at higher zoom levels due to larger icon sizes being supported.<br />
<br />
An important aspect of the user interface was the hardware-accelerated [[Windows Aero]] theme. This was made possible by the new [[Desktop Window Manager]], a compositing window manager that works hand in hand with the also new Windows Display Driver Model (WDDM). The compositing nature of DWM allows for eye candy such as Aero Glass or Flip 3D, but also prevents various rendering glitches that were common for previous versions of Windows. The exact appearance of Aero Glass can be further customized by toggling the transparency or changing the frame's color, which is not possible for themes that are not composited.<br />
<br />
For systems that relied on older drivers made for Windows XP, Vista also included the [[Windows Basic]] style, which used the older XP-style theme engine, as well as still including the [[Windows Classic]] theme that disabled theming altogether.<br />
<br />
A new system font called Segoe UI was introduced which replaces the default Tahoma font that was used in previous versions. It is optimized for ClearType and the font size has been increased to 9 point for better layout and readability for all system languages.<br />
<br />
[[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]] received a UI overhaul in Windows Vista. The common tasks pane from Windows XP has been replaced by a new command bar located at the top of the window that provides basic file operation commands and additional options depending on the selected file. The navigation pane was added and contains all commonly used folders and certain preconfigured search folders in a navigation tree. The address bar was replaced by a breadcrumbs bar which shows the full path to the current location and clicking any location in the breadcrumbs bar brings the user back to that location, eliminating the need to go back multiple times to find specific files or having to go up to various directories and The Up button was removed in favor of this. The menu bar was hidden by default although it can be brought back into view by pressing the ALT key. The detail pane was also added which displays the metadata and information for the selected file or folder. It also displays a thumbnail if the selected file contains visual information such as a picture. If the selected file does not contain visual information, an icon of the filetype will be displayed instead. It also allows for the modification of certain metadata such as author and title. Tags have also been added as a new metadata type that allows descriptive terms to be added to files for easier categorization and retrieval. Drives can also now show their free amount of space in a bar that appears under the drive's icon. The ability to save searches as folders was also added. Many legacy Explorer features such as the ability to customize the layout and buttons on toolbars and the ability to assign a password to a compressed folder were removed.<br />
<br />
The [[Taskbar]] received a minor UI redesign with the addition of live taskbar thumbnails, which shows the preview of a window when its taskbar button is hovered over. The Start button also no longer shows the "Start" text and was changed to a blue orb which bears the Windows logo.<br />
<br />
The [[Windows Sidebar]] was added which is a transparent panel that is anchored to the right side of the desktop where Desktop Gadgets can be placed in which are small applets that are designed to show information at a quick glance such as displaying the time and date, showing a picture slideshow or displaying the weather. Gadgets can also be placed on the desktop. <br />
<br />
The [[Start menu]] was redesigned to align with the Windows Aero design principles and the All Programs menu is now a scrollable menu instead of being a cascading dropdown menu. The right side of the menu was updated to show the user account picture which upon clicking takes the user to the User Account settings in Control Panel. It also only shows the names of items and instead when hovering over an item, the user account picture changes to reflect the item that will be opened. The Printers and Run items are no longer present by default and a search box was added that allows users to instantly search for programs, as well as files and system options. As with its predecessor, the user can revert to the classic start menu. <br />
<br />
A new search component called Windows Search was also introduced to replace the Indexing Service of previous versions of Windows. It creates a locally stored index of all of the files and items stored on the computer and works in hand with a new feature called Instant Search which pulls down the indexed items as the user starts typing, allowing files to be searched and found faster. It also supports IFilters which are components that allow Windows Search to scan the contents and metadata of files. Windows Search also uses property handlers to index the metadata from various indexed file formats using protocol handlers to index and search various data stores. Windows Search is initiated by using the search box in the Start menu and Windows Explorer.<br />
<br />
Windows Vista also introduces integrated support for speech recognition through a speech recognition component called Windows Speech Recognition which allows users to control their computer using various voice commands and enables dictation of text in various programs. An interactive tutorial is included to teach users how to use voice commands. The speech recognition technology utilizes Microsoft Speech API version 5.3 and Speech Recognizer version 8.<br />
<br />
The Speech synthesis engine for text-to-speech programs like Narrator and [[Microsoft Agent]] has also been updated to support SAPI 5, which supports more natural sounding voices like Anna and Lili. <br />
<br />
Windows Vista introduced many improved security features such as [[User Account Control]] which improves the security of the computer by limiting programs to use fewer privileges by default and to stop malware from compromising the security of the computer and making unauthorized changes. It also allows standard users to use the computer with the fewest privileges as possible. When a program or action asks for administrative rights, UAC will ask for credentials through a prompt window that is displayed in a Secure Desktop Mode which dims the entire screen and only shows the authorization window and the window is highlighted and active to prevent programs from tapering with the prompt window. Standard user accounts will be asked to enter the administrator user name and password. Administrators can confirm the prompt without entering their credentials. BitLocker Drive Encryption was also introduced for the Enterprise and Ultimate editions which can encrypt entire volumes using TPM.<br />
<br />
ReadyBoost and ReadyDrive were also introduced to improve system performance by using available flash memory on USB flash drives and hybrid hard disks to catch commonly used programs and data which improves battery life on portable computers since hybrid drives can be spun down when the system is not in use. Another new technology called SuperFetch was also introduced which utilizes machine learning techniques to analyze usage patterns to allow the operating system to make decisions about what should be present in the system memory at any given time. It also uses almost the available RAM as disk cache.<br />
<br />
The login experience in Windows Vista has been overhauled. Support for GINA DLLs were removed and the roles and responsibilities of Winlogon have also been changed significantly. The design of the Welcome screen was overhauled with the shutdown button now also having a drop-down menu which allows access to additional power options and the Ease of Access button was also added to the Welcome screen which allows users launch various accessibility programs. The legacy login dialog prompt was completely removed. The design of the Windows Security dialog box was also overhauled and is now in full-screen and takes on the appearance of the Welcome screen.<br />
<br />
The licensing subsystem has been completely rewritten in Windows Vista. This allowed Microsoft to define licensing restrictions for each SKU more easily and systemically using product policies, rather than hardcoding them in the kernel or using hooks for core system components. Product policies are used to limit the maximum amount of RAM, number of processors, as well as the availability of user interface options such as the Aero theme or transparency.<br />
<br />
The boot loader architecture has been completely overhauled and redesigned in Windows Vista. The legacy NTLDR boot loader used since [[Windows NT 3.1]] has been replaced by the Windows Boot Manager (BOOTMGR). It implements a new firmware-independent database called Boot Configuration Data (BCD) which replaces <code>boot.ini</code> that was used by NTLDR.<br />
<br />
Networking stack has also been overhauled in Windows Vista. The new stack model includes IPv6 support, completely overhauled IPv4 and TCP/IP stacks and improves peer-to-peer connectivity.<br />
<br />
The print architecture has also been overhauled in Windows Vista. The new print architecture is built around WPF and provides high-fidelity color printing using improved color management features. The XPS format was also introduced for printers which allows prints to look much better in quality. Client Side Rendering was also introduced to allow documents to be rendered on to the main client machine rather than on the server. This allows the rendered form of the document to be passed on to the main print server without additional processing.<br />
<br />
The audio stack has also been overhauled in Windows Vista. The new stack model includes support for UAA and support for better audio processing through major new APIs such as Windows Audio Session, Multimedia Device and Device Topology. In addition, new digital signal processing features such as Room Correction, Bass Management, Loudness Equalization and Speaker Fill have been introduced which adapts and modifies an existing audio signal to take more advantage of the speaker configuration. The ability to calibrate audio speakers to a room's acoustics automatically using an Aero wizard has also been added. <br />
<br />
=== Applications and components ===<br />
Windows Vista introduces major upgrades to the operating system's built-in programs and components and adds many new programs and components.<br />
<br />
* [[Internet Explorer 7]] features a redesigned UI and also introduces tabbed browsing, support for PNG images, improvements to CSS and HTML rendering, a phishing filter, Protected Mode and Tab Groups. It can be updated to [[Internet Explorer 9]].<br />
* [[Windows Media Center]] receives a completely redesigned UI with support for DVD/MPEG-2, HD content and CableCARD.<br />
* [[Windows Media Player 11]] features a new layout and interface.<br />
* [[Windows Movie Maker]] has an updated layout and interface and adds support for DVR-MS files and Direct3D effects and transitions. Support for HD video was added along with the ability to burn movies to a CD. HDV video can be imported from camcorders and movies can also be imported to Windows DVD Maker. <br />
* [[Windows Mail]] replaces [[Outlook Express]] as the default mail client.<br />
* [[Windows Defender]] was added and provides real-time protection against spyware. It also adds security agents which monitors certain corners of the operating system for any malicious activity. Software Explorers were added to provide views of startup programs, currently running programs, network connected programs, and Winsock providers with each of them having additional information such as program name, publisher and the version number of the program.<br />
*[[Backup and Restore|Backup and Restore Center]] was introduced as a replacement for the legacy [[NTBackup]] tool.<br />
* Windows Contacts was added as a replacement for Windows Address Book. It is implemented as a special folder rather than an actual program.<br />
* [[Windows Meeting Space]] was introduced as a replacement for [[Windows NetMeeting]].<br />
* [[Windows Mobility Center]] was added as a quick way to adjust frequent parameters on laptops such as brightness, volume, or the power state.<br />
* [[Windows Fax and Scan]] was added as a replacement for the Fax Console.<br />
* [[Windows Photo Gallery]] was added to replace [[Windows Picture and Fax Viewer]].<br />
*[[Windows Calendar]] was added. It allows users to create and manage electronic calendars. It also adds the ability to share and publish calendars online and on network shares along with the ability to subscribe to them.<br />
*[[Windows DVD Maker]] was added. It allows users to create slideshows and videos and burn them to a DVD for playback on media devices like DVD and Blu-ray players.<br />
*[[Windows Update]] became a Control Panel applet rather than being based on a web service and is now fully integrated into the operating system, which simplifies the installation of software updates. It also allows users of the Ultimate edition of Windows Vista to download Windows Ultimate Extras.<br />
*[[Windows Easy Transfer]] has been added. It allows one to transfer files from an old Windows 2000, XP and Vista system to a new Vista computer using either an Easy Transfer Cable, an USB cable or CD/DVDs.<br />
*New premium games such as [[Purble Place]], [[Mahjong Titans]] and [[Chess Titans]] were added. Many of the existing games were redesigned to showcase the operating system's new graphical capabilities. [[InkBall]] which was previously introduced in [[Windows XP Tablet PC Edition 2005]], was also included and no longer hides the mouse cursor allowing it to easily be played without a tablet.<br />
*Games Explorer has been added which is a special folder that contains all installed video games on the system along with information that can be updated over the internet.<br />
*Shadow Copy which was first introduced in [[Windows Server 2003]] was added for the Business, Enterprise, and Ultimate editions.<br />
*[[HotStart|Windows HotStart]] was added which allows users and OEMs to assign a specific key or button to a specific application.<br />
*Windows CardSpace was added to store digital ID's that can be used to login into certain websites.<br />
*Windows Firewall was upgraded to support filtering both incoming and outgoing traffic. Advanced packet filter rules were also added which can accept or deny communications to specific programs and services.<br />
*Flip 3D was added which allows users to flip through a cascading stack of open windows in a three-dimensional view. It also displays dynamic thumbnails of all open windows.<br />
*[[Sync Center]] was added which allows users to set up their computers with a network server so that they can manage offline files and folders and check recent sync activity over a network.<br />
*Many of the [[Control Panel]] applets now run inside the Control Panel window while many applets turned into Aero wizards.<br />
*Windows SideShow was added which enables auxiliary displays of certain laptops to display certain information even when the computer is turned off.<br />
*Windows System Assessment Tool was added which benchmarks overall system performance.<br />
*The ability to shrink and expand volumes on-the-fly in Disk Manager was added.<br />
*DirectX 10 was introduced.<br />
*The Problem Reports and Solutions Control Panel applet was added which allows users to check solutions to problems and view previously sent problems for any solutions or information.<br />
*Reliability Monitor and Performance Monitor was added which includes many tools to tune and monitor overall system performance.<br />
*Windows Parental Controls was added which allows administrators to monitor and restrict computer activity of standard user accounts.<br />
*.NET Framework 3.0 was introduced, allowing developers to write programs without using traditional Windows APIs. The last version that was released for Windows Vista was .NET Framework 4.6, which shipped with [[Windows 10 (original release)]].<br />
*Windows Installer 4.0 was introduced. It was later upgraded to version 4.5 in Windows Vista SP2.<br />
*The [[Welcome Center]] Control Panel applet was introduced which contains tips on how to use Windows as well as providing easy access to basic functionality such as adding new users or connecting the computer to a network. It also displays the computer's specifications and the Windows edition. It also opens automatically when the operating system boots up. It replaces the [[Windows XP Tour]].<br />
*[[Help and Support Center|Windows Help and Support Center]] received a major UI redesign.<br />
<br />
===Deprecations===<br />
* Windows Vista drops the ability to upgrade from [[Windows NT 4.0]], [[Windows 98]], [[Windows 98 SE build 2222B|Windows 98 SE]], [[Windows Me]], [[Windows 2000]] and can be only officially upgraded to on devices using an 800&nbsp;MHz CPU or faster, 512MB RAM or higher, Super VGA video output, and 20GB HDD disk or larger, with BIOS or compatible firmware and [[Windows XP]] or [[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition|Windows XP x64 Edition]] supported and installed.<br />
*Windows Vista can no longer be uninstalled, unlike Windows XP, which could be uninstalled if upgraded from Windows 9x.<br />
* MSN Explorer has been removed.<br />
* Active Desktop has been removed. Windows Sidebar is its replacement. <br />
* Windows NetMeeting has been removed in favor of Windows Meeting Space, although it can be restored by copying the program files from a Windows XP installation.<br />
* Dr. Watson has been removed in favor of Problems Reports and Solutions.<br />
* The Internet games have been removed.<br />
* The Windows Messenger service has been removed, as instead a link to download [[Windows Live Messenger]] has been placed in Welcome Center.<br />
* Serial Keys are no longer available.<br />
* [[Internet Explorer]] is no longer integrated with [[Windows Explorer]], starting with [[Internet Explorer 7]].<br />
* The Desktop Cleanup wizard has been removed.<br />
*The Web Publishing Wizard has been removed.<br />
*[[WordPad]] can no longer open Microsoft Word documents. Instead, Microsoft recommended to use Word Viewer instead.<br />
* Service Packs can no longer be installed cumulatively in Windows Vista SP2, meaning that Service Pack 1 has to be installed first.<br />
* WinHelp has been deprecated and is no longer included. Support for WinHelp files would later be completely removed in [[Windows 10 (original release)|Windows 10]].<br />
* [[Program Manager]] has been removed completely. Previously, in [[Windows XP build 2600.2180|Windows XP Service Pack 2]], running the executable did not launch it (it just acts as a compatibility stub to Windows Explorer), but it contained several old icons dating back to [[Windows 3.1x|Windows 3.1]].<br />
* Windows Classic color schemes like Brick, Desert, Eggplant, Plum, Storm, Spurce, Teal, Rainy Day, Wheat, Rose, Pumpkin, Marine and Red, White and Blue have been removed, only leaving Windows Standard, Windows Classic and the High Contrast themes.<br />
* The "What's This" buttons on various dialog boxes no longer work.<br />
* The Clipboard viewer has been removed.<br />
* [[3D Pinball]] has been removed. <br />
* Unicode IME was removed. It would later be readded in Windows 7.<br />
* Many legacy DirectX features have been removed, including DxDiag tests. They have been replaced by the Windows Experience Index.<br />
* Many legacy features in Windows Media Player 11 have been removed.<br />
* [[Windows Media Player 6.4]] has been removed and not included like with [[Windows XP Media Center Edition build 2700.2180|Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005]].<br />
* The Search Companion has been removed in favor of Windows Search.<br />
* Many toolbars like Quick Launch can no longer float on the desktop. The Language bar is the only toolbar that can float directly on the desktop.<br />
* The Taskbar can no longer be hidden manually by resizing it to zero height.<br />
* Legacy drivers dating from NT 4.0 are no longer bundled, and the legacy drivers that were bundled are only designed for [[Windows XP]]. Cirrus Logic drivers are also dropped.<br />
<br />
==Editions==<br />
Windows Vista was shipped in a number of editions. Unlike [[Windows XP]], there were no special editions for Media Center, 64-bit capabilities and Tablet PCs since these features were included in at least one of the consumer editions. [[Windows Anytime Upgrade]] was also introduced to allow users to easily facilitate upgrades to higher editions of Windows Vista.<br />
<br />
*'''Starter''': This edition is intended for emerging markets and low-cost PCs. Like its predecessor, the three-program limit was included, and a maximum limitation of 1GB installable RAM is imposed. Other software restrictions were applied as well; hence, this version isn't available in 64-bit. This edition is the only edition of Vista that does not have [[Desktop Window Manager]] and [[HotStart|Windows HotStart]] enabled. Only [[Windows XP Starter Edition]] can be upgraded to Windows Vista Starter.<br />
*'''Home Basic''': Found in low-cost to mid-range computers, this version of Windows Vista does not feature complete Aero (though it includes [[Desktop Window Manager|DWM]] functionality) and hence does not have effects like transparency and Flip 3D. Windows Media Center, [[Windows DVD Maker]] and various backup features are also not present in this edition and unlike the Starter edition, it doesn't have the hardware and 3-program maximum limitations. The user can also only join a meeting but cannot create one in [[Windows Meeting Space]].<br />
*'''Home Premium''': The consumer version of Windows Vista. This version includes full Aero functionality, Windows Media Center, Windows DVD Maker, Premium Games (e.g.: Inkball, Purble Place) and various WMP11 audio decoders. However, it lacks the BitLocker and Complete PC Backup functionalities.<br />
*'''Business''': A business-oriented version of Windows Vista. It contains several features like full RDP (client/host) capability, Group Policy, domain joinability and [[Windows Fax and Scan]]. However, Windows Media Center and Parental Controls are not included, and Premium Games are disabled by default.<br />
*'''Enterprise''': A business-oriented variant of Windows Vista. It is similar to Ultimate but does not include consumer-specific features such as Windows Media Center and Parental Controls. Rather, it includes enterprise-specific tools such as Windows Fax and Scan and Windows Services for UNIX. This edition was only available to customers who participated in the Microsoft Software Assurance program.[[File:6000.16386-productred.png|thumb|Windows Vista [[w:Product Red|Product Red]] gadgets and theme]]<br />
*'''Ultimate''': The high-end variant of Windows Vista. It is a merger of the features included with Windows Vista Home Premium and Business. BitLocker is included in this version. This edition also allows the user to install [[Windows Ultimate Extras]], a set of addons that include games, sound schemes, Windows DreamScene, BitLocker and additional Windows Marketplace enhancements. This SKU also has all features of Windows Vista.<br />
**A custom version of Windows Vista Ultimate was created for the [[w:Product Red|Product Red]] campaign, which aids in supporting global funding for research on diseases such as [[w:AIDS|AIDS]], [[w:tuberculosis|tuberculosis]], and [[w:malaria|malaria]]. The version includes extra Red-themed wallpapers, gadgets and a special theme.<br />
<br />
There was not a separate componentized embedded version of Windows Vista, as Microsoft instead opted to release [[Windows Embedded 2009]], which is based on Windows XP.<ref>https://news.microsoft.com/2008/04/15/microsoft-charts-its-road-map-for-windows-embedded-business/</ref> Windows Vista Business and Ultimate could be licensed for use on embedded devices. Such copies are labeled as "Windows Vista Business for Embedded Systems" and "Windows Vista Ultimate for Embedded Systems" on the Product Key sticker, respectively, and their installation media is identical to the retail version. The only notable difference from the retail version is the inclusion of an EULA that forbids other uses.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080421212042/http://www.microsoft.com/windows/embedded/products/vistaforembedded/default.mspx</ref> These editions are labeled as "Windows Vista Business for Embedded Systems" and "Windows Vista Ultimate for Embedded Systems" on the Product Key sticker, respectively.<br />
<br />
==Marketing==<br />
Windows Vista was initially marketed with the slogan ''The Wow Starts Now''. The slogan would be later changed to [[w:I'm a PC|''I'm a PC'']] in 2008 in response to Apple's opposing [[w:Get a Mac|''Get a Mac'']] marketing campaign from 2006. The campaign would carry over to [[Windows 7]], and lasted through 2011.<br />
<br />
In an attempt to curb the negative reputation of Windows Vista, Microsoft launched an advertising campaign named the [[wikipedia:Mojave Experiment|Mojave Experiment]], which involved a limited set of users being given the chance to try out a rebranded copy of Windows Vista under the assumption that it was an in-development version of a fictitious operating system codenamed ''Mojave''.<ref>Microsoft. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsStHxtVr_w ''The Mojave Experiment'' official advertisement video], 29 July 2008.</ref><br />
<br />
== Criticism ==<br />
While Windows Vista was praised for its new design, features and security improvements, it received criticism due to various factors such as stability issues that were present in the original release of Vista, lack of compatibility with many drivers and programs that previously ran on Windows XP and older, its much higher system requirements that caused performance problems on older computers and rendered many high-end features such as the Windows Aero interface unusable on older hardware and the excessive intrusiveness of the User Account Control feature. Later updates would resolve many of the performance issues.<br />
<br />
As a result of these issues, Windows Vista's initial adoption and satisfaction rates were very low compared to Windows XP and many users also downgraded back to Windows XP due to compatibility issues that rendered many programs and computer peripherals unusable along with performance issues. The Windows Vista Capable marketing campaign was also subject to criticism due to OEM's installing the OS on underpowered machines which did not fully meet Vista's system requirements which resulted in a class-action lawsuit being filed against Microsoft in early 2008 and eventually lost its class-action status in early 2009.<br />
<br />
== Misattributed system sounds ==<br />
The widespread sound scheme often attributed to Longhorn was never included in any official build and originates from a Samsung-produced theme for Windows XP from 2003.<ref>https://archive.org/details/samsung-theme</ref> The Windows XP sounds remain and are used in all pre-reset and post-reset builds, with a few being swapped with Vista sounds between builds [[Windows Vista build 5469|5469]] and [[Windows Vista build 5840.16384|5840.16384]].<br />
<br />
The alleged Windows Vista Beta 1 startup sound<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HU5aWBoWog</ref> is actually <code>WELCOMESEQUENCE.WAV</code> used in the Speech Recognition tutorial from build [[Windows Vista build 5308.6|5308.6]]. Likewise, an alternative interpretation of the final startup sound that is sometimes labeled as the Windows Vista Beta 2 startup sound<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1A0dGe__6Ik</ref> is actually a jingle used in Vista Beta 2 Help video outros.<br />
<br />
== List of known builds==<br />
{{builds legend}}<br />
<br />
===Pre-reset builds===<br />
<br />
====Milestone 3====<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Longhorn build 3663|3663.Lab06_N.020728-1728}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Longhorn build 3670|3670.Lab06_N.020819-1749}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 3683|3683.Lab06_N.020923-1821}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 3706|3706.Lab06_N.021029-1731}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 3713|3713.Lab06_N.021113-1841}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 3718|3718.Lab06_N.021119-1730}}<br />
<br />
====Milestone 4====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4000|4000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4001|4001.main.021204-1515}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4002 (Lab06_N)|4002.Lab06_N(ntvbl06).030108-1926}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4002 (Lab01)|4002.Lab01.030114}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4005|4005.main.030128-1920}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4008|4008.main.030219-1933}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4011|4011.main.030305-2045}}<br />
<br />
====Milestone 5====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4015 (main)|4015.main.030328-1500}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4015 (Lab06_n)|4015.Lab06_n.030403-1706}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4017|4017.main.030409-0735}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4018|4018.Lab06_n.030417-1721}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4020|4020.idx02.030507-1155}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4029 (main)|4029.main.030619-0000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4030 (main)|4030.main.030626-1414}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4031 (main)|4031.main.030703-0020}}<br />
<br />
====Milestone 6====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4029 (Lab06_n)|4029.Lab06_n.030629-1710}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4030 (Lab06_n.030630-1724)|4030.Lab06_n.030630-1724}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4030 (Lab06_n.030702-1727)|4030.Lab06_n.030702-1727}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4031 (Lab06_n)|4031.Lab06_n.030707-1834}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4032|4032.Lab06_n.030710-1709}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4033 (main)|4033.main.030717-1555}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4033 (idx01)|4033.idx01.030730-1630}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4035|4035.private/Lab06_dev(ivom).030606-0257}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4038|4038.main.030813-1852}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4039 (Lab06_n.030824-1954)|4039.Lab06_n.030824-1954}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4039 (Lab06_n.030827-1717)|4039.Lab06_n.030827-1717}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4040|4040.Lab04_N.030828-1910}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4042 (main)|4042.main.030905-1800}}<br />
<br />
====Milestone 7====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4042 (Lab06 n)|4042.Lab06_n.030909-1709}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4044|4044.Lab06_n.030915-1925}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4045|4045.main}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4048|4048.idx02.030925-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (idx02)|4050.idx02.030928-0552}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031013-1849)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031013-1849}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031018-2015)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031018-2015}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031019-1809)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031019-1809}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031020-1959)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031020-1959}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031021-2051)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031021-2051}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4050 (private/lab06_demo.031022-1934)|4050.private/lab06_demo.031022-1934}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4051|4051.idx02.031001-1340}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4052|4052.Lab06_n.031022-1250}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4053|4053.main.031022-1720}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4059|4059}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4065|4065.Lab06_n.040225-1908}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn WinHEC 2004 Aero demo build|WinHEC 2004 Aero demo build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4067 (private/lddm dev tech(davidmo))|4067.private/lddm_dev_tech(davidmo).040212-1646}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4067 (idx01)|4067.idx01.040312-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4074|4074.idx02.040425-1535}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4081|4081.main.040503-1625}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4082|4082.main.040510-2230}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4083|4083.main.040516-1537}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4084|4084.main.040527-0915}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4085 (main)|4085.main.040603-1817}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4085 (Lab07_N)|4085.Lab07_N.040609-2350}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4085 (private/Lab06_dev_ux(pfortier))|4085.private/Lab06_dev_ux(pfortier).040629-1845}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4086 (main)|4086.main.040615-1745}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4086 (lab03_dev)|4086.lab03_dev.040629-1910}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4086 (Lab01_N)|4086.Lab01_N.040704-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4087|4087.main.040626-0846}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4088|4088.Lab02_N.040706-1655}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4089|4089.private/lab06_dev_ux.040721-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4090|4090.private/Lab06_dev_ux.040729-1145}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4091 (main)|4091.main.040726-1716}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4091 (private/Lab06_dev(snaptab))|4091.2.private/Lab06_dev(snaptab).040805-1204}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4092|4092.private/lab06_dev_foundation(bld4act).040813-0037}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Longhorn build 4093 (main)|4093.main.040819-1215}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Longhorn build 4093 (Lab02_N)|4093.Lab02_N.041002-1235}}<br />
<br />
===Post-reset builds===<br />
<br />
====Development reset====<br />
These builds are also referred to as ''Omega-13'' builds.<br />
<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 3790.1232|3790.1232.winmain.040819-1629}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040803-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040803-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040808-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040808-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040809-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040809-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040818-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040818-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040826-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040826-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5000 (vbl_core.040902-2000)|5000.vbl_core.040902-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5001|5001.winmain.040927-1610}}<br />
<br />
==== Longhorn Developer Preview ====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5019|5019}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5027|5027}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5033|5033.winmain.050119-2030}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5048|5048.winmain_idx02.050401-0536}}<br />
<br />
====Beta 1====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5054|5054.vbl_ux_nisd.050404-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5058 (vbl_wcp_um_d2dev)|5058.vbl_wcp_um_d2dev.050412-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5058 (vbl_srv)|5058.vbl_srv.050413-1523}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5059 (vbl_wcp_avalon)|5059.vbl_wcp_avalon.050412-1805}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5059 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin)|5059.vbl_ux_dev_checkin.050420-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5060|5060.vbl_wcp_avalon.050417-1805}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5061|5061.vbl_ndt_nap.050421-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5063|5063.vbl_ux_dev.050511-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5071|5071.vbl_ux_dev.050525-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5081|5081.winmain.050604-1530}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5086 (winmain_idx02.050621-2010)|5086.winmain_idx02.050621-2010}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5086 (winmain_idx02.050625-1730)|5086.winmain_idx02.050625-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5087|5087.vbl_ux_partners_ie.050616-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5089 (winmain)|5089.winmain.050615-1910}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5089 (vbl_wcp_avalon_dev(kepowell))|5089.0.vbl_wcp_avalon_dev(kepowell).050622-1647}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5091|5091.winmain.050617-2020}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5098|5098.winmain_beta1.050628-1740}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5099|5099}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5112|5112.winmain_beta1.050720-1600}}<br />
<br />
====Beta 2====<br />
===== September 2005 CTP =====<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5203 (winmain)|5203.winmain.050702-1000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5203 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin)|5203.vbl_ux_dev_checkin.050719-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5209|5209.vbl_media_core.050728-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5212 (winmain)|5212.winmain.050726-1915}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5212 (vbl_wcp_mobile)|5212.vbl_wcp_mobile.050728-1515}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5212 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin)|5212.vbl_ux_dev_checkin.050808-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5215 (vbl_ndt_netxpmobl)|5215.vbl_ndt_netxpmobl.050807-0106}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5215 (winmain_oob)|5215.0.winmain_oob/avalon_wap_PDC_2005(avdrt).050818-1524}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5217|5217.0.VBL_wcp_avalon.050812-1733}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5219 (vbl_ux_nisd)|5219.vbl_ux_nisd.050819-1600}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5219 (winmain_idx02.050824-2010)|5219.winmain_idx02.050824-2010}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5219 (winmain_idx02.050830-2010)|5219.winmain_idx02.050830-2010}}<br />
<br />
===== October 2005 CTP =====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5221 (vbl_wcp_avalon)|5221.vbl_wcp_avalon.050822-1835}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5221 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin_gamesux)|5221.vbl_ux_dev_checkin_gamesux.050901-1500}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5223|5223.vbl_ux_dev_checkin.050906-1758}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5224|5224.vbl_core_security_crpt.050901-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5225 (winmain)|5225.winmain.050830-2130}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5225 (vbl_ux_partners_ie_checkin)|5225.vbl_ux_partners_ie_checkin.050904-2200}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5226 (winmain)|5226.winmain.050831-2255}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5226 (vbl_wcp_avalon_dev)|5226.vbl_wcp_avalon_dev.050908-1459}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5231 (winmain)|5231.winmain.050912-2020}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5231 (winmain_idx01)|5231.winmain_idx01.050918-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5231.2|5231.2.winmain_idx03.051004-2120}}<br />
<br />
===== December 2005 CTP =====<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5252|5252.0.winmain.051026-1836}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5256|5256.winmain.051103-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5259|5259.winmain_idx02.051113-2100}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5259.3|5259.3.winmain_idx02.051117-1715}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5260|5260}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5268|5268.winmain.051117-2200}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5270|5270.9.winmain_idx03.051214-1910}}<br />
<br />
===== February 2006 CTP =====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5271|5271.0.vbl_media_ehome.051130-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5284 (vbl_media_ehome)|5284.0.vbl_media_ehome.051218-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5284 (vbl core gift)|5284.vbl_core_gift.060103-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5286|5286.winmain}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5288|5288}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5297|5297.winmain.060112-1755}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5301|5301.vbl_ux.060111-1150}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5305|5305}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5308 (winmain_idx01.060126-1800)|5308.winmain_idx01.060126-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5308.6|5308.6.winmain_idx01.060202-1920}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5308.17|5308.17.winmain_idx01.060217-2200}}<br />
<br />
====== Updates ======<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5308.50|5308.50.winmain_idx01.060222-1250}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5308.60|5308.60.winmain_idx01.060223-2145}}<br />
<br />
====== Refresh ======<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5310|5310.0.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060207-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5326|5326.winmain.060217-2300}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5329|5329.0.vbl_media_ehome.060301-2145}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5335 (vbl wcp gfx)|5335.vbl_wcp_gfx.060307-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5335 (vbl_ux_ie)|5335.vbl_ux_ie.060308-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5337|5337.0.vbl_media_ehome.060313-2100}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5342 (vbl ux partners winapps)|5342.vbl_ux_partners_winapps.060316-0000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5342.2|5342.2.winmain_idx04.060321-1730}}<br />
<br />
===== April 2006 EDW =====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5346|5346.vbl_media_ehome.060322-2100}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5350|5350.winmain.060323-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5353|5353.winmain.060327-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5355 (winmain)|5355.0.winmain.060329-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5355 (vbl media)|5355.0.vbl_media.060329-2048}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5355 (vbl media ehome)|5355.vbl_media_ehome.060330-2100}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5356|5356.winmain.060330-1450}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5360|5360.0.vbl_media_ehome.060411-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5361|5361.winmain.060405-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5364|5364.winmain.060408-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5365 (winmain_idx05.060416-1900)|5365.winmain_idx05.060416-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5365.8|5365.8.winmain_idx05.060419-1800}}<br />
<br />
===== Beta 2 Preview =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5371|5371.0.vbl_media_ehome.060418-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5372|5372.0.winmain.060418-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5378|5378.0.vbl_media_ehome.060426-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5381|5381.1.winmain_beta2.060501-1900}}<br />
<br />
===== Public release =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5382|5382.0.winmain_beta2.060506-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5383|5383.1.winmain_beta2.060511-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5384.2|5384.2.winmain_beta2.060516-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5384.3|5384.3.winmain_beta2.060517-1235}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5384.4|5384.4.winmain_beta2.060518-1455}}<br />
<br />
====Release Candidate 1====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5384 (vbl_core)|5384.vbl_core.060530-1900}} <!-- DVD owner unknown --><br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5421|5421.winmain.060428-1903}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5435|5435.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060523-2105}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5438|5438.winmain}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5442|5442.vbl_wcp_um_dev.060529-1949}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5449|5449.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060613-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5456|5456.5.winmain_idx03.060620-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5461|5461.vbl_media_ehome.060621-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5466|5466.vbl_media_ehome.060627-2030}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5468|5468.winmain.060628-1855}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5469|5469.vbl_media_ehome.060704-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5471|5471.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060711-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5472|5472.5.winmain_idx01.060713-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5474|5474.vbl_ux_dev_checkin.060711-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5476|5476.winmain.060711-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5477 (vbl_media_ehome_dev.060718-1930)|5477.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060718-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5477 (vbl_media_ehome_dev.060723-1930)|5477.vbl_media_ehome_dev.060723-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5479|5479.winmain.060714-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5483|5483.0.winmain.060720-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5486|5486}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5487|5487.winmain.060726-1810}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5491|5491.vbl_media.060801-2045}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5492|5492.winmain.060802-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5505 (vista_rc1.060803-2130)|5505.vista_rc1.060803-2130}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5505.6|5505.6.vista_rc1.060807-2215}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5520.16384|5520.16384.vista_rc1.060812-2235}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5520.16387|5520.16387.vista_rc1.060816-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5536|5536.16385.vista_rc1.060821-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5552.16384|5552.16384.vista_rc1.060822-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5552.16385|5552.16385.vista_rc1.060823-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5552.16386|5552.16386.vista_rc1.060824-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5568|5568.16384.vista_rc1.060827-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5584|5584.16384.vista_rc1.060828-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5600|5600.16384.vista_rc1.060829-2230}}<br />
<br />
====Release Candidate 2====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5700|5700.winmain.060810-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5712|5712.winmain.060824-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5718|5718.vbl_media_ehome.060905-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5720|5720.winmain.060907-1715}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5721|5721.vbl_media_apps.060910-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5723|5723.vbl_media.060912-1910}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5728|5728.16387.winmain_idx06.060917-1430}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 5733|5733.0.vbl_media.060919-1825}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5734|5734.0.winmain.060920-1805}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5738|5738.0.vista_rtm.060925-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5739|5739.0.vista_rtm.060926-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5744|5744.16384.vista_rtm_edw.061003-1945}}<br />
<br />
====Pre-RTM====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5752|5752.0.vista_rtm.061003-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5754|5754.1.winmain.061006-1810}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5758|5758.0.vista_rtm.061010-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5808|5808.16384.vista_rtm.061012-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5824|5824.16387.vista_rtm.061017-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5840.16384|5840.16384.vista_rtm.061018-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5840.16389|5840.16389.vista_rtm.061024-1945}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 5920.16384|5920.16384.vista_rtm.061021-0441}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 5920.16387|5920.16387.vista_rtm.061028-0100}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6000.16384|6000.16384.vista_rtm.061029-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6000.16385|6000.16385.vista_rtm.061030-1720}}<br />
<br />
====RTM====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6000.16386|6000.16386.vista_rtm.061101-2205}}<br />
<br />
==== Service Pack 1 ====<br />
===== Beta =====<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16437|6001.16437}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16497|6001.16497.longhorn_beta3.070330-1720}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.16549|6001.16549.longhorn_sp1beta1.070628-1825}}<br />
<br />
===== Release Candidate 0 =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.16625|6001.16625.longhorn.070720-1835}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16628|6001.16628.longhorn.070727-1850}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16630|6001.16630}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.16633|6001.16633.longhorn.070803-1655}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16653|6001.16653.longhorn_rc0.070905-2131}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.16656|6001.16656.longhorn_rc0.070909-1920}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.16659|6001.16659.longhorn_rc0.070916-1443}}<br />
<br />
===== Release Candidate 1 =====<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows Vista build 6001.17036|6001.17036.longhorn.071027-1905}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.17042|6001.17042.longhorn_rc1.071107-1618}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.17052|6001.17052.longhorn_rc1.071129-2315}}<br />
<br />
===== Pre-RTM =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.17128|6001.17128.longhorn.080101-1935}}<br />
<br />
===== RTM =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6001.18000|6001.18000.longhorn_rtm.080118-1840}}<br />
<br />
==== Service Pack 2 ====<br />
===== Beta =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.16489|6002.16489.lh_sp2beta.080924-1740}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.16497|6002.16497.lh_sp2beta.081017-1605}}<br />
<br />
===== Release Candidate =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.16659|6002.16659.lh_sp2rc.090114-1728}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.16670|6002.16670.lh_sp2rc.090130-1715}}<br />
<br />
===== Pre-RTM =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.17043|6002.17043.longhorn.090312-1835}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.17506|6002.17506.lh_sp2rtm.090313-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.18003|6002.18003.lh_sp2rtm.090403-1730}}<br />
<br />
===== RTM =====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6002.18005|6002.18005.lh_sp2rtm.090410-1830}}<br />
<br />
==== Lifecycle Servicing Update ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Vista build 6003|6003.20489.vistasp2_ldr_escrow.190320-1700}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|V]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_8&diff=308748Windows 82023-12-02T15:46:40Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 308747 by 171.250.164.180 (talk) 8.1 was next</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows version<br />
|name = Windows 8<br />
|logo = Windows 8 logo and wordmark.svg<br />
|logo 2 size = 175px<br />
|codename = Windows 8<br />
|image = Windows8-RTM-Desktop.png<br />
|family = nt<br />
|version = 6.2<br />
|arch = x86, x64, ARM32<br />
|latestbuild = [[Windows 8 build 9200 (win8 rtm)|6.2.9200.16384 (win8_rtm)]]<br />
|releasedate = 2012-10-26<br />
|support = 2016-01-12<br />
|server = [[Windows Server 2012]]<br />
|replaces = [[Windows 7]]<br />
|replaced-by = [[Windows 8.1]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 8''' is an operating system developed by Microsoft. It is the ninth major release in the [[Windows NT]] operating system line, replacing [[Windows 7]] and later being succeeded by [[Windows 8.1]]. It was released to manufacturing on 1 August 2012 and was later made generally available on 26 October 2012.<br />
<br />
It was one of the most short-lived releases, with support ending on 12 January 2016; two years after the release of Windows 8.1. This is similar to the treatment of Service Packs by the Microsoft lifecycle policy, which allowed support for prior Service Packs to be dropped at least 24 months after the release of a successor. Despite this, it still runs on 0.32% of desktop and laptop computers as of October 2023.<ref>[https://gs.statcounter.com/windows-version-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-202304-202304-bar Desktop Windows Version Market Share Worldwide], ''StatCounter''.</ref><br />
<br />
The operating system now requires a processor that supports the [[w:Physical Address Extension|Physical Address Extension]] (although 32-bit client editions cannot make full use of it due to being arbitratrily limited to 4 gigabytes of usable memory), the [[w:NX bit|NX/XD bit]] and the [[w:SSE2|SSE2]] instruction set. It is also the first client version of Windows to support ARM devices via Windows RT.<br />
<br />
==Editions ==<br />
[[File:Windows RT logo and wordmark.svg|thumb|align=right|size=145px|Windows RT logo]]<br />
Windows 8 comes in the following editions:<br />
*'''Windows 8''' (also known as Core) is the base edition intended for the average home user.<br />
**'''Windows RT''' is a version of Windows 8 for ARM-based tablets such as the [[w:Surface (2012 tablet)|Surface RT]]. Compared to other editions, it includes the [[Office 2013]] suite and is only able to launch applications that either originate from the Windows Store or were digitally signed by Microsoft. It is otherwise functionally identical to the Core edition.<br />
**'''Windows 8 Single Language''' is same as Core but limited to a single installed language pack.<br />
** '''Windows 8 China''' (also known as Core Country Specific) is same as Single Language but only allows the Simplified Chinese language pack to be installed. This is a special variant targeting the mainland China market.<br />
*'''Windows 8 Pro''' is targeted at enthusiast and business markets. Compared to Core, it adds the ability to run Hyper-V virtual machines, receive RDP connections and BitLocker support.<br />
**'''Windows 8 Pro with Media Center''' is a variant of Pro that also includes the Windows Media Center.<br />
*'''Windows 8 Enterprise''' is designed for large organizations and can only be activated with a KMS server or MAK keys. It has the same feature set as Pro but supports creating [[w:Windows To Go|Windows To Go]] portable workspaces.<br />
<br />
==Main changes==<br />
===Interface===<br />
[[File:Windows 8 Start Screen.png|thumb|align=right|size=145px|The [[start screen]] user interface. Pinned applications are shown in the form of dynamically updating tiles with adjustable sizes and modifiable positions. The default layout is presented here.]]Windows 8 was largely designed for use on touchscreen devices such as tablets, and this can be seen across the operating system, which features larger buttons, more distinct colors, and a modernized interface coupled with the removal of [[Windows Aero|Aero]] translucency effects on open windows. The complete overhaul of the classic Windows shell was accompanied by the largely controversial addition of the Metro design language and user interface, which includes a new [[Start menu]] (referred to as the Start screen), a full-screen tile-based user interface replacing the smaller Start menu first introduced in [[Windows 95]]. From the Start screen, Metro apps can be launched, which can either take up the entire screen, providing an immersive interface, or be snapped to a side of the screen alongside another application or the desktop. The Start screen contains titles for all applications and some can be live, with realtime information being directly provided to the user as time passes.<br />
<br />
The Metro UI features direct integration with the traditional Windows desktop, which includes hot corners; instead of utilizing a dedicated Start button within the taskbar,{{efn|Although the last build of Windows 8 to have the Start button by default was [[Windows 8 build 8176|8176]], it is possible to remove the Start button from the taskbar in builds [[Windows 8 build 7899|7899]] through [[Windows 8 build 8102|8102]]. To accomplish this, a new DWORD value in <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer</code> named <code>YouBettaHideYoPearl</code> with a value set to 1 must be created within the registry. If done correctly, the Start button will be removed after restarting [[File Explorer]].}} positioning the mouse in certain parts of the screen will instead reveal various functionalities that a user would normally expect. Positioning the cursor to the left side of the monitor reveals a button that links to the Start screen, whereas the right side reveals the Charms bar, a vertical menu that features buttons that allow the user to search the internet or the contents of a local computer, share items to others, access the Start screen, configure connected devices or quickly modify system settings. Right-clicking on the bottom left corner of the screen will reveal a Quick Link menu, which contains shortcuts to frequently used areas.<br />
<br />
====File Explorer====<br />
The [[File Explorer]] received a large design improvement with the introduction of the Ribbon UI first seen in [[Office 2007]] and later improved upon in [[Office 2010]]. The Up button, which had been absent since [[Windows Longhorn build 3670]] (except for early Vista post-reset builds like [[Windows Vista build 3790.1232|build 3790.1232]] and [[Windows Vista build 5001|build 5001]]), was reimplemented. The details pane has also been shifted to a vertical layout. Support for multi-monitor configurations has also been improved, as each monitor can now have their own customizable taskbar and desktop background.<br />
<br />
Progress windows have been modified to remove the animation on the top and feature a toggleable advanced view that shows the current progress of a file operation, including a detailed graph for tracking file transfer speeds, coupled with the ability to pause operations. The older progress dialog box can still be observed when recycling large amounts of files, transferring files from a mobile device or while modifying permissions for files and folders, although this would be partially changed to the new one starting with 8.1. Notifications have been updated to be more noticeable, as they appear on the right of the screen and are the same color as the current theme.<br />
<br />
====Display language support====<br />
Microsoft offered 109 display languages in Windows 8,<ref>Sinofsky, Steven. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191226205555/https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/b8/2012/02/21/using-the-language-you-want/ Using the language you want], ''Building Windows 8''. 21 February 2012. Archived from [https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/b8/2012/02/21/using-the-language-you-want/ the original] on 26 December 2019.</ref> 14 more than Windows 7, adding the following localizations:<br />
<br />
*English (United Kingdom)<br />
*Punjabi (Pakistan)<br />
*Sindhi (Pakistan)<br />
*Central Kurdish (Iraq)<br />
*Uyghur (People's Republic of China)<br />
*Belarusian (Belarus)<br />
*Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)<br />
* Tigrinya (Ethiopia)<br />
*Tajik (Tajikistan)<br />
*Wolof (Senegal)<br />
*K'iche' (Guatemala)<br />
*Scottish Gaelic (United Kingdom)<br />
*Cherokee (United States)<br />
*Valencian (Spain)<br />
<br />
====Out-of-box experience====<br />
The [[out-of-box experience]] received a complete overhaul, now allowing the user to pick an accent color and introducing express settings, which allows for easier installation by automatically configuring the device to use a set of recommended options in one click.<br />
<br />
====Logon screen====<br />
A UI overhaul for the logon screen was introduced, which saw the addition of a lock screen that displays the current date and time, a customizable background image, and quick notifications, statuses and updates from supported applications. Security improvements to the logon process were also included, adding support for logons through a PIN or a picture password. The ability to connect to a network via the logon screen was also added, allowing users to connect and disconnect from Wi-Fi networks without the need to log onto the operating system. The logon screen also reminds users when a reboot is required to install updates.<br />
<br />
====Task Manager====<br />
The [[Task Manager]] now opens up in a simple view which only displays a list of open programs and not processes. Expanding the view reveals a modernized and improved version of the classic Task Manager, featuring tabs and a larger focus on resource usage.<br />
<br />
====Windows Store ====<br />
[[Microsoft Store|Windows Store]] allows the consumer to distribute and download Metro apps or advertise desktop software. The Windows Store would later be redesigned in [[Windows 8.1]]. The Store was called "MSHelp" in order to disguise its true purpose between builds [[Windows 8 build 7814|7814]] and [[Windows 8 build 8032|8032]]. The Windows Store would later be rebranded as the Microsoft Store in September 2017 in an update for the app for [[Windows 10]] devices.<br />
<br />
====Windows Media Center====<br />
Unlike [[Windows Vista]] and [[Windows 7]], [[Windows Media Center]] is not included by default in any Windows 8 edition. Customers with existing Windows 8 Pro licenses could purchase Media Center with the Windows 8 Pro Pack until 30 October 2015. It was previously free under a promotional offer (until 31 January 2013). The application no longer runs at startup, nor does it overlay itself on top of other windows.<br />
<br />
=== Desktop Window Manager===<br />
[[Desktop Window Manager]] now renders using a software-based 3D rasterizer when a hardware-based accelerator is unavailable; this also coincides with the [[Windows Classic]] and [[Windows Basic]] themes being disabled by default. Although the visual styles still exist, they cannot be used unless one uses workarounds to forcibly enable the older styles, such as the direct modification of system files or utilities that change the way how windows are displayed.<br />
<br />
===Sounds===<br />
Windows 8 introduces a new sound scheme, which considerably brings down the number of used sounds. The new Background and Foreground sounds are now used for many scenarios formerly using separate sounds, such as various types of message boxes. Some sounds have been disabled, such as the startup, shutdown and log on/off sounds. Despite that, the new scheme also includes a new logon sound, although it is disabled by default. This sound is often confused for a startup sound, although it was actually supposed to play when the user logs in, while the proper startup sound (also disabled by default) remains unchanged since [[Windows 7]] and no longer works with fast startup. <br />
<br />
According to Jensen Harris, a former Microsoft executive, the logon sound was originally removed due to loudness concerns. Matthew Bennett, the in-house sound designer who created the sound scheme, and previously worked on sounds for Windows 7 and [[Windows Phone 7]], was not notified of the design decision and submitted a proposal for the logon sound. In the end, the sound was included as part of the operating system and in later releases of Windows, but was left disabled as the responsible team objected to restoring the sound due to performance reasons.<ref>Harris, Jensen. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWUBjM2LNJU Why I Killed the Windows Startup Sound]. 29 May 2021.</ref> An alternative four-note variant was also produced for the [[w:Microsoft Surface|Microsoft Surface]] product line, which was later removed and replaced by the stock three-note sound.<ref>Harris, Jensen. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D79ECvrvQqw This Is the Missing Windows Startup Sound]. 19 August 2022.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Applications===<br />
Windows 8 introduced significant changes to the existing set of built-in applications, which played a part towards the operating system's shift towards a tablet-based user experience. To achieve these changes, the operating system introduced a new application platform architecture dubbed the [[w:Windows Runtime|Windows Runtime]], a [[w:Component Object Model|COM]]-based [[w:application binary interface|application binary interface]] that allows modern applications to be developed independently of the programming languages utilized within them.<br />
<br />
A new set of communications applications for Windows was introduced. These include modernized versions of the [[Windows Mail]], [[Calendar]], and Contacts applications, as well as a basic text messaging application. As a result of these changes, the Windows CardSpace application was removed from the operating system. Bing integration was added to the operating system, offering services such as web search, news, weather information and finances, as well as information on travel and sports updates. These services were made available through a set of applications that were preinstalled on the operating system. <br />
<br />
[[Internet Explorer 10]] was introduced, bringing with it a complete refresh of the older user interface first introduced with the release of [[Internet Explorer 7]].{{efn|The new UI was previously introduced in [[Internet Explorer 9]] which was released a year prior to Windows 8's release.}} A touch-optimized variant of the web browser is also included alongside the classic desktop version. The [[Desktop Gadget Gallery]] was removed from the operating system due to remote-code execution vulnerabilities which were disclosed in a security advisory on 10 July 2012,<ref name="DeskGadgetAdv">Microsoft. [https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/SecurityAdvisories/2013/2719662 Vulnerabilities in Gadgets Could Allow Remote Code Execution (Microsoft Security Advisory 2719662)], ''Microsoft Security Response Center''. 10 July 2012.</ref> which was additionally complimented with a package that respectively disabled the [[Windows Sidebar]] and Desktop Gadget Gallery functionalities on [[Windows Vista]] and [[Windows 7]].<ref name="DeskGadgetAdv"/><br />
<br />
The [[Windows Photo Viewer]] application was deprecated in favor of the newer Photos application. Users are now able to take photographs through the use of the built-in Camera application, allowing users to utilize their webcam or a similar device for photography. Support for viewing PDF documents was additionally added through the introduction of the Reader application.<br />
<br />
Support for Xbox Live integration was added through the introduction of the modernized Xbox Music, Video and Live Games applications. The Music and Video applications can play local video and audio files stored on the user's computer, acting as a gateway for purchasing such media through their respective marketplaces, whereas the Xbox Live Games application allowed users to view a catalog of available games as well as their respective Xbox profile and account information. The built-in games included as part of [[Windows Vista]] and [[Windows 7]] were removed from all existing editions, although their respective binaries would not be removed from the Windows source tree until the release of the [[Windows 10 Creators Update]].{{efn|Product policies restricting the usage of the built-in Windows games remain intact in later releases of Windows.}} Updated versions of these games were later made available through the Windows Store. All shortcuts to the Games Explorer were also additionally removed from the operating system; the feature and its shell class ID (pointing to <code>shell:games</code>) would remain up through the [[Windows 10 Fall Creators Update]], after which it was completely removed in favor of the Xbox application.<br />
<br />
Integration with the [[Microsoft OneDrive|Windows SkyDrive]] service was added to the operating system, allowing users to view and share links to files stored on their Microsoft account's cloud storage. The service was later renamed to Microsoft OneDrive in 2014 (and later reflected upon in [[Windows 8.1#Update 1|Windows 8.1 Update 1]]) to comply with a 2013 [[w:High Court of Justice|British High Court]] ruling over a trademark infringement lawsuit filed by the [[w:Sky Group|British Sky Broadcasting]] corporation,<ref>Warren, Tom. [https://www.theverge.com/2013/7/31/4574878/microsoft-skydrive-name-change-bskyb Microsoft forced to rename SkyDrive following trademark case with broadcaster], ''The Verge''. 31 July 2013.</ref><ref>Scott, Jennifer. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130803164611/http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240202874/Microsoft-concedes-to-BSkyB-over-SkyDrive-trademark Microsoft concedes to BSkyB over SkyDrive trademark], ''ComputerWeekly.com''. 1 August 2013.</ref><ref>Gavin, Ryan. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140127184827/http://blog.onedrive.com/onedrive-for-everything-your-life/ OneDrive for Everything in Your Life], ''The OneDrive Blog''. 27 January 2014.</ref> which alleged that Microsoft had infringed upon the Sky trademark through the use of the name in the ''SkyDrive'' branding.<br />
<br />
The [[Windows Anytime Upgrade]] application was renamed to ''Add features to Windows'', which was used to purchase a license to upgrade to the Pro edition or to add the [[Windows Media Center]] application to an existing Windows 8 Pro installation – the feature would be removed in [[Windows 10 (original release)|Windows 10]] in favor of both the <code>changepk.exe</code> command-line utility and the ability to directly upgrade to a higher Windows edition through the [[Settings]] application, as support for the service ceased on 30 October 2015.<ref>Microsoft. [https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/windows-8-and-8-1-pro-pack-and-media-pack-are-no-longer-available-to-buy-e280c003-fe11-e0ad-ff56-cf77e71c711f Windows 8 and 8.1 Pro Pack and Media Pack are no longer available to buy], ''Microsoft Support''. 30 October 2015.</ref> DVD playback support (which included codecs for DVD-Video and MPEG-2 Video), Media Guide features provided through [[Windows Media Player]] and the [[Windows DVD Maker]] application were removed from the operating system due to the rising cost of licensing and the increased prevalence of online streaming services and devices that lack optical disc drives. It is possible to restore DVD playback support by using third-party DVD playback programs or by acquiring a license for Windows Media Center through the purchase of the Windows 8 Pro Pack.<br />
<br />
A touch-optimized version of the [[Control Panel]] known as [[PC settings]] was introduced with the release of Windows 8. Changes to the original Control Panel included the removal of the Network Map functionality from the Network and Sharing Center, slight design changes made towards the Action Center applet, and the introduction of the [[File History]] feature, which replaces the older [[Backup and Restore]] utility included in older releases of Windows. The [[Drive Optimizer|Disk Defragmenter]] application was renamed to Drive Optimizer; the application was slightly updated to include functionality and design changes made towards the disk defragmentation scheduling features. Support for the [[Hyper-V]] virtualization technology, which was initially exclusive to server releases of Windows, was added to the Pro and Enterprise editions as an optional installable component. The [[Windows Defender]] application was overhauled to act as a fully-fledged antivirus solution; this change would also deprecate the existing Microsoft Security Essentials suite, which was offered as an optional download through Microsoft's website.<br />
<br />
===Other changes ===<br />
*Windows 8 can only be officially upgraded to from [[Windows 7]] on devices using a 1&nbsp;GHz processor or faster with support for PAE, NX and SSE2, 1 GB of RAM (2 GB of RAM for Windows 8 x64) or higher, 16 GB (20 GB for Windows 8 x64) of hard drive space, a DirectX 9-based WDDM display adapter or better display adapter, and a DVD-ROM drive, with BIOS or compatible firmware and [[Windows 7]] supported and installed.<br />
*The Windows Runtime platform was introduced.<br />
* Support for virtual smart cards were added.<br />
*The design of the On-Screen Keyboard was updated.<br />
*The "peek" button for password text boxes was added.<br />
*Native support for USB 3.0/XHCI devices was added.<br />
*Support for UEFI Secure Boot and TPM 2.0 were added.<br />
*The [[Windows Recovery Environment]] received a major UI update based on the Metro design language. The Reset and Refresh options were also added.<br />
*The WinPE-based [[Windows Setup]] received design updates.<br />
*The Upgrade Assistant and Windows 8 Setup programs were added for upgrades and clean installations.<br />
*Improved support for mobile broadband was added.<br />
*The boot screen was updated. The Windows logo can be replaced by OEMs with their own logo in the UEFI firmware.<br />
*Fast Startup was added which allows the operating system to boot up faster after shutdown.<br />
* The ability to create portable workspaces (known as Windows To Go) has been added.<br />
*Microsoft account integration was added. This allows users to link their profiles with a Microsoft account which provides additional functionality such as synchronization of user data and settings and allows for integration with other Microsoft services. However, local accounts can still be setup and used.<br />
*Flip 3D was removed.<br />
*The ability to create new user accounts through the Control Panel was removed as these settings were moved to the PC settings app.<br />
*The sample pictures, sample music clips, sample video clip and built-in user account pictures that were present in previous versions were removed.<br />
*The Windows 7 sound schemes were removed. However, the folders of which the sound files were in are still present.<br />
*The Briefcase functionality was hidden and disabled by default, although it can be enabled with the use of a registry hack. The feature would remain until [[Windows 10 April 2018 Update]] after which it was removed completely in favor of OneDrive.<br />
*Certain dial-up networking settings are no longer available.<br />
*Support for DirectDraw was removed.<br />
* Unified search was removed.<br />
* The Windows 2000, Windows NT 4.0, Windows Server 2003 and Windows Server 2008 compatibility modes are no longer available.<br />
*The Recent documents folder is no longer present on the Start screen.<br />
*Creating an ad-hoc wireless connection is no longer available in the GUI.<br />
<br />
== Criticism ==<br />
Windows 8 was the first Windows operating system since [[Windows NT 3.51]] to not include a Start button on the taskbar nor a traditional [[Start menu]], a design decision which was met with criticism and various complaints from many technology publications, news organizations and users alike, resulting in most desktop users switching back to [[Windows 7]] due to a lack of accessibility which additionally stemmed from the lack of an onboarding experience. The tablet-optimized user interface was a significant factor that contributed towards the operating system's commercial failure, which eventually caused [[w:Steven Sinofsky|Steven Sinofsky]], then-current head of the Windows engineering division during Windows 8's development, to resign from their role weeks after the operating system had been made available to the general public, with [[w:Julie Larson-Green|Julie Larson-Green]] appointed as successor.<ref>Microsoft. [https://web.archive.org/web/20121113045433/http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/Press/2012/Nov12/11-12AnnouncementPR.aspx Microsoft Announces Leadership Changes to Drive Next Wave of Products], ''Microsoft News Center''. 12 November 2012.</ref><br />
<br />
Even though its ARM-based counterpart was largely praised by various technology outlets for its touch-oriented controls and user interface, it too had become a subject of criticism as internal restrictions that prevented the usage of applications that either did not originate from either the Windows Store or were not digitally signed by Microsoft, coupled with the extremely limited library of available ARM-based applications, resulted in expectations for Windows RT falling short entirely.<br />
<br />
=== Windows 8.1 ===<br />
[[Windows 8.1]] was released as a free upgrade for existing Windows 8 users on 17 October 2013 in an attempt to address some of the shortcomings presented within its predecessor such as the removal of the Start button, the lack of a proper onboarding experience, a detailed all apps view and a complete design overhaul of the [[Windows Store]] experience. Further updates to Windows 8.1 brought over the ability to directly log onto the traditional Windows desktop by default{{efn|Disabled by default in Windows RT 8.1}} and accessibility improvements to the user interface, such as the ability to minimize or close Metro applications by hovering the cursor to the top of the screen and dedicated options for shutting down the operating system or logging out via the Start screen. Despite this, the lack of a Start menu was still the subject of criticism directed towards the operating system. Mainstream support for Windows 8 ended on 12 January 2016, with extended support being shifted over to Windows 8.1 to focus on long-term development.<br />
<br />
The release of [[Windows 10 (original release)|Windows 10]] eventually withdrew a significant majority of the user interface changes introduced with Windows 8 and [[Windows 8.1]] with the reintroduction of the Start menu (with additional support for dynamically updating tiles) and the removal of the Charms bar. The Start screen's functionality (and its full-screen mode) would be moved over to a separate mode designed specifically for tablet devices.<br />
<br />
A fully-fledged start menu from early Technical Preview releases of Windows 10 was backported into [[Windows 8.1 build 9600.17415|a later Windows 8.1 update]] which was released exclusively for ARM devices on 1 September 2015.<br />
<br />
==System requirements==<br />
Microsoft recommends Windows 8 to be installed on a system with a processor with a speed of at least 1&nbsp;GHz, at least 1 GB (2 GB for x64 versions) of RAM, 16 GB (20 GB for x64 versions) of hard drive space, a DirectX 9-based WDDM display adapter or better display adapter, and a DVD-ROM drive.<ref>Microsoft. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220731022400/https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/system-requirements-2f327e5a-2bae-4011-8848-58180a4353a7 System requirements for Windows 8 and 8.1], ''Microsoft Support''.</ref> Windows 8 drops support for processors without PAE, SSE2 and NX, as attempting to boot on these processors will cause an <code>UNSUPPORTED_PROCESSOR</code> [[bugcheck]].<br />
<br />
As a result of the upgraded processor requirement, Windows 8 can be installed on processors as early as the Pentium 4. Windows 8 can also be run with as low as 512 MB of RAM. SVGA cards can still be used, and most WDDM-required effects are now software rendered, although such rendering will be slow compared to using hardware rendering.<br />
<br />
==List of known builds==<br />
{{builds legend}}<br />
=== Pre-Milestone 1 ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7652|7652}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7680|7680.0.winmain.091124-1740}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7700|7700.0.winmain.100122-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7731|7731}}<br />
<br />
=== Milestone 1 ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7740|7740.0.FBL_FUN_RESP_DEV.100414-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7743|7743}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7746|7746.0.fbl_grfx.100428-2024}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7752|7752.winmain.100510-1835}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7758|7758.0.winmain.100604-1503}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7775|7775.0.winmain.100706-1910}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7776|7776.fbl_grfx_dev1.100708-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7777|7777.0.fbl_grfx.100708-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7779|7779.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.100713-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7788|7788.fbl_uex_cxe_dev}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7789|7789}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7791|7791.0.fbl_core1_kernel.100802-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7792|7792.winmain.100802-1750}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7793|7793.0.fbl_grfx.100804-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7799|7799.0.fbl_esc_end_dat(rparsons).100811-1819}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7811|7811.0.fbl_dnt1_net2_virtual.100901-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7814|7814.0.fbl_core1_kernel_ee.100907-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7817|7817.0.winmain.100910-1622}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7850|7850.0.winmain_win8m1.100922-1508}}<br />
<br />
=== Milestone 2 ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7867 (CES 2011)|7867 ''(CES 2011)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7867 (fbl_core1_kernel_npc_ext)|7867.0.fbl_core1_kernel_npc_ext.101101-1728}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7871|7871}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7874|7874.0.fbl_dnt1.101031-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7875|7875.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.101102-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7878|7878.0.winmain.101104-1752}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7880|7880.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.101110-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7885|7885.0.fbl_fun_eco_platforms.101116-1907}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7893|7893}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7899|7899.0.fbl_core2_sfs.101209-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7900|7900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7901|7901.FBL_UEX_ICP.101213-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7910|7910.winmain.110111-1804}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7927 (fbl_srv)|7927.0.fbl_srv.110210-1753}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7927 (fbl_srv_wdacxml)|7927.0.fbl_srv_wdacxml.110214-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7950|7950.0.winmain_win8m2.110223-1820}}<br />
<br />
=== Milestone 3 ===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7955 (fbl_srv)|7955.0.fbl_srv.110225-2127}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7955 (fbl_srv_wdacxml)|7955.0.fbl_srv_wdacxml.110228-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7957|7957}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7962 (fbl_srv)|7962.0.fbl_srv.110309-1807}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7962 (fbl srv wdacxml)|7962.0.fbl_srv_wdacxml.110311-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7963|7963.0.winmain.110310-1721}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7969|7969}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7971|7971.0.winmain.110324-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_srv_wdacxml)|7973.fbl_srv_wdacxml}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_core2_sid_data)|7973.0.fbl_core2_sid_data.110330-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_grfx_dev1)|7973.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110330-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl dnt3 wireless)|7973.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.110330-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_core1_kernel_npc)|7973.0.fbl_core1_kernel_npc.110330-1809}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 7976|7976.winmain.110401-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7978|7978.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110406-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7985 (fbl_core1_mobile_dev)|7985.0.fbl_core1_mobile_dev.110417-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7985 (fbl_core1_kernel_cptx.110419-1745)|7985.0.fbl_core1_kernel_cptx.110419-1745}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7985 (fbl_core1_kernel_cptx.110503-1501)|7985.fbl_core1_kernel_cptx.110503-1501}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7989|7989.0.winmain.110421-1825}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 7996|7996.0.fbl_pac_dev2.110504-2214}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 7997|7997.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.110504-2014}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8002 (fbl_grfx_dev1)|8002.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110511-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8002 (fbl_dnt3_wireless)|8002.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.110511-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8008|8008.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.110518-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 unidentified May 2011 build|Pre-D9 demo build}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8011|8011.winmain.110520-1745}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8013|8013}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8014|8014.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110525-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8027|8027}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8032|8032.0.fbl_core2_sid_data.110623-2054}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8045|8045.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110713-1730}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8049|8049.fbl_eeap.110718-0510}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8056 (winmain)|8056.winmain.110726-1851}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8056 (fbl_dnt2_bus)|8056.0.fbl_dnt2_bus.110727-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8056 (fbl_grfx_dev1)|8056.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.110727-1728}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8056 (fbl_dnt3_wireless)|8056.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.110727-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8057|8057.winmain.110727-1845}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8059|8059.winmain.110729-1857}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8061|8061.0.fbl_core1_soc.110803-1830}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8064|8064.0.fbl_eeap.110806-1000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8065|8065}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8066|8066.0.winmain.110809-1602}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8069|8069.winmain.110816-1802}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8070|8070.0.winmain.110817-1805}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8071|8071.0.winmain.110819-1615}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8072|8072.0.winmain.110822-1712}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8073|8073.0.winmain.110823-1750}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8074|8074.0.winmain.110824-1655}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8075|8075.0.winmain.110825-1852}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8076|8076.0.winmain.110826-1235}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8090|8090.winmain_win8m3.110805-1930}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8095|8095.winmain_win8m3.110812-1840}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8098|8098.winmain_win8m3.110816-1850}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8099|8099.winmain_win8m3}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8100|8100.0.winmain_win8m3.110819-1727}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8101|8101.winmain_win8m3.110822-1905}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8102.101#Updates|8102.0.winmain_win8m3.110823-1455}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8102 (winmain_win8m3_eeap)|8102.0.winmain_win8m3_eeap.110824-1030}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8102.101|8102.101.winmain_win8m3.110830-1739}}<br />
<br />
==== Milestone 3 update ==== <br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8102.109|8102.109.winmain_win8m3.110912-1733}}<br />
<br />
===Consumer Preview===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8105|8105.0.winmain.110829-1501}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8106|8106.0.winmain.110830-1723}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8107|8107.0.winmain.110831-1740}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8108 (winmain)|8108.0.winmain.110901-1858}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8108 (fbl_dnt2_wipdc)|8108.fbl_dnt2_wipdc.110902-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8112 (winmain)|8112.0.winmain.110909-1742}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8112 (fbl_core1_soc)|8112.0.fbl_core1_soc.110912-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8118|8118.0.fbl_core2_sfs.110921-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8121|8121.winmain.110922-1933}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8128|8128.0.fbl_core1_soc_partner.111005-1916}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8129|8129.0.fbl_core1_soc.111006-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8130|8130.winmain.111006-1907}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8133 (fbl_grfx_dev1)|8133.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.111012-1400}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8133 (fbl_core2_sid_data)|8133.0.fbl_core2_sid_data.111012-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8133 (fbl_dnt2_bus)|8133.0.fbl_dnt2_bus.111012-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8133 (fbl_core2_sfs)|8133.0.fbl_core2_sfs.111012-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8133 (fbl_dnt3_wireless)|8133.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.111012-1902}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8140|8140.0.winmain.111020-1857}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8148|8148.0.winmain.111103-1846}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8155|8155.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.111116-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8156|8156.0.fbl_core1_soc.111117-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8158|8158.0.winmain.111118-2210}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8161|8161.0.winmain.111128-1254}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8165 (fbl_core2_sfs_dev2)|8165.fbl_core2_sfs_dev2.111203-22xx}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8165 (fbl_fun_resp)|8165.fbl_fun_resp.111205-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8172|8172.0.fbl_dnt2_bus.111214-1750}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 unidentified December 2011 build|Unidentified December 2011 build}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8175.0|8175.0.fbl_dev_dp4.111216-2019}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8175.2|8175.2.fbl_dev_dp4.120107-0052}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8175.5|8175.5.fbl_dev_dp4.120111-2201}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8176|8176.0.fbl_core2_sid_dev.120104-2026}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8180|8180.0.winmain.120109-1245}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8186 (winmain)|8186.winmain.120117-1707}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8186 (fbl_core1_soc)|8186.0.fbl_core1_soc.120118-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8194|8194.winmain.120127-1917}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8195|8195.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.120201-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8220|8220.0.winmain_win8beta.120127-1925}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8225|8225.0.winmain_win8beta.120203-1918}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8229|8229.0.winmain_win8beta.120209-1545}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8232|8232.0.winmain_win8beta.120214-1755}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8233|8233.0.winmain_win8beta.120215-1901}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8250|8250.0.winmain_win8beta.120217-1520}}<br />
<br />
===Release Preview===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8277|8277.0.fbl_dnt2_bus.120208-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8288|8288.0.fbl_core1_soc.120226-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8302|8302.0.fbl_core1_soc.120319-1700}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8305 (fbl dnt3 wireless)|8305.0.fbl_dnt3_wireless.120321-1800}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8305 (fbl grfx dev1)|8305.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.120321-1830}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8305 (fbl core2 sfs)|8305.0.fbl_core2_sfs.120321-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8306|8306}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8309|8309.winmain.120327-1901}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8318|8318.fbl_core1_soc.120409-2355}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8325|8325.0.winmain.120417-1752}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8330 (fbl woa)|8330.0.fbl_woa.120424-2227}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8330 (fbl grfx dev1)|8330.0.fbl_grfx_dev1.120425-1400}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8330 (fbl ie longhorn)|8330.0.fbl_ie_longhorn.120425-2121}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8331 (winmain)|8331.0.winmain.120425-1916}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8331 (fbl_loc)|8331.0.fbl_loc.120425-2034}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8331 (fbl_uex)|8331.fbl_uex.120425-2134}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8333|8333.0.winmain.120428-1320}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8370|8370.0.winmain_win8rc.120428-1335}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8372|8372.0.winmain_win8rc.120501-1920}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8375|8375.0.winmain_win8rc.120504-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8377|8377.0.winmain_win8rc.120507-1903}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8378|8378.0.winmain_win8rc.120508-1952}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8382|8382.0}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8383|8383.0}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8400|8400.0.winmain_win8rc.120518-1423}}<br />
<br />
===Pre-RTM===<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8412|8412.0.winmain.120507-1805}}<br />
{{BLItem Unconfirmed|Windows 8 build 8419|8419.0.winmain.120521-1835}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8422 (winmain)|8422.0.winmain.120524-1848}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8422 (fbl woa)|8422.0.fbl_woa.120524-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8422 (fbl core1 soc partner)|8422.fbl_core1_soc_partner.120525-1923}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8423|8423.0.fbl_loc.120528-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8424 (winmain)|8424.winmain.120529-1855}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8424 (fbl_woa_drop)|8424.fbl_woa_drop.120530-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8431|8431.fbl_uex.120609-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8432 (winmain)|8432.0.winmain.120611-1243}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8432 (fbl loc)|8432.0.fbl_loc.120611-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8432 (fbl_woa)|8432.0.fbl_woa.120611-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8433|8433.0.winmain.120612-1830}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8437 (winmain)|8437.0.winmain.120618-1325}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8437 (fbl_dev_dp8)|8437.1.fbl_dev_dp8.120621-2300}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8438|8438.0.fbl_ie_longhorn.120620-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8439|8439.0.fbl_woa.120620-2204}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8440|8440.0.winmain.120621-1932}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8441|8441.0.winmain.120623-1614}}<br />
<br />
===RTM Escrow===<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8508|8508.0.win8_rtm.120703-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8509|8509.0.fbl_eeap.120708-0952}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8513 (win8_rtm)|8513.0.win8_rtm.120710-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8514|8514.0.win8_rtm.120711-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8520|8520.0.fbl_eeap.120722-1632}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 8523|8523.0.win8_rtm.120723-1815}}<br />
<br />
====Partner-specific compiles ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8513 (win8_gdr_soc_intel)|8513.0.win8_gdr_soc_intel.120710-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8513 (win8_gdr_soc_nv)|8513.0.win8_gdr_soc_nv.120710-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8513 (win8_gdr_soc_ti)|8513.0.win8_gdr_soc_ti.120710-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8518|8518.0.win8_gdr_soc_nv.120718-0003}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8888 (win8_gdr_soc_intel)|8888.16384.win8_gdr_soc_intel.120724-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8888 (win8_gdr_soc_ti)|8888.16384.win8_gdr_soc_ti.120724-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8888 (win8_gdr_soc_nv)|8888.16384.win8_gdr_soc_nv.120724-2107}}<br />
<br />
===RTM===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200 (win8_rtm)|9200.16384.win8_rtm.120725-1247}}<br />
<br />
===Post-RTM===<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200 (fbl_eeap)|9200.0.fbl_eeap.120728-1519}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 9200 (fbl_fun_eco.120808-1900)|9200.0.fbl_fun_eco.120808-1900}}<br />
{{BLItem Confirmed|Windows 8 build 9200 (fbl_fun_eco.120921-1900)|9200.0.fbl_fun_eco.120921-1900}}<br />
<br />
====Partner-specific compiles====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200 (win8_gdr_soc_ti)|9200.16384.win8_gdr_soc_ti.120725-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200.16384 (win8_gdr_soc_intel)|9200.16384.win8_gdr_soc_intel.120726-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200 (win8_gdr_soc_nv)|9200.16384.win8_gdr_soc_nv.120726-2000}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 9200.16456 (win8 gdr soc intel)|9200.16456.win8_gdr_soc_intel.121112-2000}}<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|8]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Unity&diff=307751Unity2023-11-20T17:33:57Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox software<br />
|name = Unity<br />
|developer = Unity7 maintainers, UBports, Canonical Ltd. (formerly)<br />
|image = Ubuntuunity21.10desktop.png<br />
|releasedate = 19 June 2013<br />
|lr-version = Unity 7.5.1<br />
}}<br />
'''Unity''' (not to be confused with the game engine under the same name) is a desktop environment created and formerly maintained by Canonical Ltd. It is a graphical shell for [[Ubuntu]] and was created to make more efficient use of the limited screen space provided in netbooks. Although it was discontinued on 5 April 2017, it is still being maintained by its community. A continuation of it was available, called UnityX.<br />
<br />
== Distributions that provide it as default GUI ==<br />
Here provides a list of what distributions use it as a default/alternative desktop environment out of the box.<br />
<br />
*[[Ubuntu]] (formerly)<br />
*[[Ubuntu Unity]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Desktop environments]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_2000_build_2020&diff=307147Windows 2000 build 20202023-11-16T12:54:10Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 307143 by Mobitelijas (talk) sorry?</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 2000]]<br />
|image = Windows2000-5.0.2020-Desktop.png<br />
|buildtag = 5.0.2020.1<br />
|sku = Professional<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|family = nt<br />
|version = 5.0<br />
|build = 2020<br />
|revision = 1<br />
|compiled = 1999-04-13<br />
|timebomb = +444 days<br />
|winver = Windows2000-5.0.2020-About.png<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/2763|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%202000/5.0.2020.1/english/professional}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 2000 build 2020''' is a Beta 3 build of [[Windows 2000]] that was originally leaked by Blackwolf onto the #mswin2k channel of EFNET in 1999 and then found on 23 June 2015.<ref>https://www.betaarchive.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=72&t=34213&start=25</ref><br />
<br />
This build was copied directly from the build server and includes the typical elements of such builds: <code>CHKFILE.BLD</code> file listing checksums of all compiled binaries; IDW tools; files of the Windows NT 3.51 update engine.<br />
<br />
== Changes == <br />
* The startup and shutdown sounds have been changed to the ones heard in the released product.<br />
* The appearance of the progress bars in setup has been changed.<br />
<br />
== Bugs and quirks ==<br />
<br />
=== Installation ===<br />
The unmodified version of this build cannot be normally installed (via CD boot) due to a [[bugcheck]] during setup. The user can either use a [[MS-DOS|DOS]] boot disk to partition and format the drive and then run setup from there, or replace the <code>cdrom.sy_</code> file in the i386 folder on the CD with a copy from a different build.<br />
<br />
Also, sometimes when upgrading from Windows via <code>WINNT32.EXE</code>, Setup asks the user to insert the installation disc during the text-mode part, despite already being inserted. This can also be a fault with the CD-ROM driver. It is recommended to select "Install a new version" instead, go to "Advanced Options..." and select "Copy all Setup files from CD-ROM to the hard disk".<br />
<br />
<code>WINNT32.EXE</code> was also modified by the warez group who shared the build to display their NFO file before the actual setup application launches. (<code>VOS.VDB</code> is the NFO, <code>SOC.VDC</code> is an AVI video, and <code>USRV.EXE</code> is the original <code>WINNT32.EXE</code>)<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
=== Setup ===<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows2000-5.0.2031-Setup.png|Preparing setup<br />
Windows2000-5.0.2020-Setup.png|GUI setup<br />
Windows2000-5.0.2020-InstallDevices.png|Installing devices<br />
Windows2000-5.0.2020-InstallingNetwork.png|Installing network<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Interface ===<br />
<gallery><br />
Win2000Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
Windows2000-5.0.2020-SystemProperties.png|System Properties<br />
Windows2000-5.0.2020-SafeMode.png|Safe mode<br />
Win2000SafetoShutdown.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 2000 builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Vista_build_5252&diff=307065Windows Vista build 52522023-11-15T13:17:05Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Gallery */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Vista]]<br />
|image = WindowsVista-6.0.5252-Desktop.jpg<br />
|buildtag = 6.0.5252.0.winmain.051026-1836<br />
|family = nt<br />
|version = 6.0<br />
|build = 5252<br />
|lab = winmain<br />
|revision = 0<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|compiled = 2005-10-26<br />
|sku = Ultimate<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows Vista build 5252''' is an unleaked pre-Beta 2 build of [[Windows Vista]]. This build was showcased in a blog from Chinese IT consumption portal Yesky.<ref>[http://soft.yesky.com/os/255/2208755.shtml 图解微软内部测试版Win Vista新功能], ''Yesky''. 24 December 2005. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20180324102521/http://soft.yesky.com/os/255/2208755.shtml Wayback Machine])</ref> This is one of first builds to have everything merged from other branches such as <code>vbl_ux_dev_checkin</code> to the <code>winmain</code> branch.<br />
<br />
== Changes ==<br />
* The background used during installation has been changed to the aurora found in [[Windows Vista build 5259|build 5259]]. The older setup layout from [[Windows Vista build 5098|build 5098]] is still retained in this build.<br />
* This build notably features the [[Start menu|Start]] orb with the colored Windows flag previously seen in [[Windows Vista build 5212 (vbl ux dev checkin)|build 5212 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin)]], however it has been changed to appear closer to the final iteration present in the RTM build. It also features the new start menu that was first seen in [[Windows Vista build 5221 (vbl ux dev checkin gamesux)|build 5221 (vbl_ux_dev_checkin_gamesux)]]. <br />
* A new desktop wallpaper has been introduced, which replaces the wallpaper first seen in [[Windows Vista build 5054|build 5054]].<br />
* The [[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]] banner background has been changed to a static blue-green gradient. <br />
* This build marks the first appearance of both Windows AntiSpyware (later renamed to [[Windows Defender]]) and [[Windows Mail]], the successor to [[Outlook Express]].<br />
* A new applet called "Performance Center" as well, which would be known as "Performance Information and Tools" in the final version of Vista.<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:WindowsLonghorn50485284Boot.png|[[Boot screen]]<br />
File:Vista5252-1.jpg|[[Windows Setup|Setup]]<br />
File:Vista5252-2.jpg|[[Start menu]]<br />
File:Vista5252-3.jpg|Save as dialog - collapsed<br />
File:Vista5252-4.jpg|Save as dialog - expanded<br />
File:Vista5252-18.jpg|Folder history<br />
File:Vista5252-5.jpg|[[Windows Defender|Windows AntiSpyware]]<br />
File:Vista5252-6.jpg|Windows AntiSpyware - Software Explorers<br />
File:Vista5252-7.jpg|[[Windows Mail]]<br />
File:Vista5252-8.jpg|Windows Mail - Newsgroups<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5252-WindowsMailAbout.jpg|The About dialog in Windows Mail, showing the full [[build tag]].<br />
File:Vista5252-9.jpg|Parental Controls<br />
File:Vista5252-10.jpg|Parental Controls - Web Restrictions<br />
File:Vista5252-11.jpg|Parental Controls - Allow or Block Web Pages<br />
File:Vista5252-12.jpg|Parental Controls - Time Restrictions<br />
File:Vista5252-13.jpg|Parental Controls - Application Restrictions<br />
File:Vista5252-14.jpg|AutoPlay settings<br />
File:Vista5252-17.jpg|Performance Center - Main page<br />
File:Vista5252-15.jpg|Performance Center - Advanced Tools<br />
File:Vista5252SystemProperties.jpg|System properties<br />
File:Vista5252-16.jpg|DPI settings<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Vista builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unconfirmed builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=302838Template:News2023-11-13T12:58:25Z<p>TechActivate 781: wasn't this leaked on jan 3?</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 17#iOS_17.2|iOS 17.2]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.2 build 21C5040g|21C5040g}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma#14.2|macOS Sonoma 14.2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23C5041e|23C5041e}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11 2023 Update#Moment 5|2023 Update Moment 5]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22635.2700|22635.2700.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.231023-1050}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23585.1001|23585.1001.ni_prerelease.231104-1132}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Germanium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25992|25992.1000.rs_prerelease.231103-1529 ''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25987|25987.1000.rs_prerelease.231027-1257 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.469|25398.469.zn_release_svc_prod1.231003-0030}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.469|25398.469.zn_release_svc_prod1.231003-0030}}<br />
<br />
=== Recently shared builds ===<br />
==== [[MS-DOS 5.00]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|MS-DOS 5.00 build 336|5.00.336}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows NT 3.1]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows NT 3.1 April 1991 build|April 1991 build}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sierra#10.12|macOS Sierra]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sierra build 16F5049f|16F5049f (PhoenixCE)}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_8_build_7973_(fbl_core1_kernel_npc)&diff=301386Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl core1 kernel npc)2023-11-04T19:34:59Z<p>TechActivate 781: added early boot error img</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_core1_kernel_npc)}}<br />
{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 8]]<br />
|image = 7973 fblcore1kernelnpc desktop.png<br />
|buildtag = 6.2.7973.0.fbl_core1_kernel_npc.110330-1809<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|compiled = 2011-03-30<br />
|timebomb = 2011-07-01<br />
|winver = Windows8-6.2.7973-core1-About.png<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/2791|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%208/6.2.7973.0/english/ultimate%20(fbl_core1_kernel_npc)|BAWiki=https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Windows:8:6.2.7973.0.fbl_core1_kernel_npc.110330-1809}}<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 8 build 7973 (fbl_core1_kernel_npc)''' is a build of [[Windows 8]] that was uploaded to [[BetaArchive]] on 19 September 2015<ref>https://www.betaarchive.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=72&t=34922&p=402669</ref> only in the x86 architecture.<br />
<br />
==Editions and keys ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Edition / SKU<br />
! Key<br />
|-<br />
|Starter <br />
|7Q28W-FT9PC-CMMYT-WHMY2-89M6G <br />
|-<br />
|Home Basic<br />
|YGFVB-QTFXQ-3H233-PTWTJ-YRYRV<br />
|-<br />
| Home Premium<br />
|RHPQ2-RMFJH-74XYM-BH4JX-XM76F<br />
|-<br />
| Professional <br />
|HYF8J-CVRMY-CM74G-RPHKF-PW487<br />
|-<br />
|Ultimate<br />
| D4F6K-QK3RD-TMVMJ-BBMRX-3MBMV<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Changes==<br />
*Updated the boot screen to include the fish from the wallpaper of [[Windows 7]] builds [[Windows 7 build 6910|6910]] to [[Windows 7 build 7231|7231]] and a boot spinner, albeit at a slightly larger size compared to later builds.<br />
*Changed the startup kernel font from Lucida Console to Segoe Mono Boot.<br />
*The [[Blue screen of death|system crash]] screen font has been changed from Segoe UI to Segoe WP.<br />
*The boot manager entry is now named "Windows 8" as opposed to "Windows 7".<br />
*This is the first build to include the new readable early crash screen saying:<br />
Your computer needs to restart.<br />
Please hold down the power button.<br />
Error Code: 0x0000078<br />
Parameters:<br />
0x80000003<br />
0x812FA944<br />
0x80F748E8<br />
0x80F744B0<br />
<br />
==Redpill==<br />
The [[Redlock]] tool can be used to unlock all features in this build, including the [[Start menu|Start screen]]. <br />
<br />
* The Start screen is starting to look vastly different from the previous builds, with the design of the tiles being changed to a look that more closely resembles its final design. <br />
* The [[Settings|Immersive Control Panel]] has been redesigned. <br />
* The splash screen for MS Help has been changed to a rather crude one done in [[Paint|Microsoft Paint]]. <br />
* This build features a new File Copy dialog, which has more features than the one in [[Windows 7]], such as the ability to pause the action. <br />
* The Metro folder icons and thumbnails seen in [[Windows 8 build 7963|build 7963]] have been disabled and can no longer be enabled.<br />
<br />
==Bugs and quirks==<br />
<br />
=== Advanced Vector Extensions CPU bug ===<br />
Some copies of this build will not boot on some CPUs with the Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instruction set due to a bug where a CPU triple fault occurs immediately after the boot screen is first displayed. A workaround is discussed later in the article.<br />
<br />
This problem can also present itself as three [[Bugcheck|bugchecks]] occurring one after the other, with different error codes overwriting each other on the screen.<br />
<br />
===Compatibility===<br />
To install or run this build in [[VMware|VMware Workstation]], the hardware compatibility version must be set to versions 8.x or earlier; otherwise, a bugcheck will occur.<br />
<br />
===Upgrade ===<br />
When upgrading to this build using the new [[Windows Setup]] tool, installation might fail. When the <code>Applying computer settings</code> phase starts, a runtime error will occur with <code>C:\$WINDOWS.~BT\Sources\Install.exe</code>, and alt-tabbing after clicking OK will reveal another error saying that <code>Windows could not complete the installation. To install Windows on this computer, restart the installation</code>. In order to upgrade to this build, use the older setup tool located in the <code>sources</code> folder.<br />
<br />
===Aero===<br />
* This build appears to have a slightly broken [[Windows Aero|Aero]] theme, with only the top portion of the window frame using the blur effect, leaving the side borders without the effect. This bug persists until the [[Windows 8 build 7978|next build]].<br />
** This bug affects the [[Aero Lite]] theme as well.<br />
<br />
===Aero Glass in Starter and Home Basic===<br />
This build automatically enables Aero Glass transparency even when installing the Starter or Home Basic SKUs, which is not supported by default. However, changing the color scheme (visual style) to another one and then back to the default one will disable it. <br />
<br />
=== Pseudo language pack ===<br />
In this build, the pseudo language pack is present, and it can be installed. This is caused by improper cleanup of the pseudo language pack while staging the build, resulting in leftover files. This persisted up to [[Windows 8 build 8102 (winmain_win8m3_eeap)]].<br />
<br />
===DWM ===<br />
After installing the video card driver, Immersive Control Panel will open after using {{key press|Ctrl|⇧Shift|F9}}. It will not close unless {{key press|Ctrl|⇧Shift|F9}} is pressed again.<br />
<br />
==Compiler ==<br />
This is one of the first builds to be produced using a new compiler. However, the problems surrounding it at that time resulted in the build becoming unbootable on certain hardware, as the boot loader does not properly function on modern x86 CPUs, namely Intel processors with the AVX instruction set and a select number of AMD CPUs. As a result, a CPU triple fault occurs resulting in either a crash on a hypervisor or a reboot on real hardware.<br />
<br />
Most of the bugs found in this build are a side effect of the new compiler.<br />
<br />
=== Patching winload.exe to run on Intel processors with AVX===<br />
In order to properly enable SSE instructions for machines using Intel processor with AVX, the 9th bit in Control Register 4 (CR4) must be turned on. The following code is executed and is located in winload.exe at offset A042:<br />
<!--That one was from build 7978, not this build--><br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nasm"><br />
mov eax, cr4 ; 0f20e0<br />
or eax, 20h ; 83c820 -- Turn on 5th bit, PAE (Physical Address Extension)<br />
mov cr4, eax ; 0f22e0 -- Store it in CR4<br />
mov eax, cr0 ; 0f20c0<br />
or eax, 80000000h ; 0d00000080 -- Enable paging<br />
mov cr0, eax ; 0f22c0<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
By default the following bits are set in CR0: Protected Mode (PE) (0x00000001), Monitor co-processor (MP) (0x00000002) and Extension type (ET) (0x00000010), with no bits in CR4 set initially, so the need to turn on the 9th SSE bit (i.e. OR with 0x600) should be done, but due to limitation in this piece of code, a rewriting needs to be done and the following approach may be used instead:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="nasm"><br />
mov eax,620h ; b820060000<br />
mov cr4,eax ; 0f22e0<br />
mov eax,80000013h ; b813000080<br />
mov cr0,eax ; 0f22c0<br />
nop ; 90<br />
nop ; 90<br />
nop ; 90<br />
nop ; 90<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
As a disclaimer, patching winload.exe with these changes will invalidate integrity checks and thus requires Test Mode to be enabled (by setting <code>NoIntegrityChecks</code> in the BCD to on) in order to boot with the patched winload.exe, as well as ownership of the file in both <code>%systemroot%\System32</code> and <code>%systemroot%\System32\Boot</code> need to be altered in case file replacement was not possible.<br />
<br />
===Compatibility===<br />
====VMware Workstation ====<br />
For another workaround on the Intel SSE bug that does not involve patching and disabling security checks, the compatibility level must be set to version 7.x or lower in order to boot this build. In addition, the following block of code must be added to the VMX (virtual machine configuration) file in order to allow this build to boot on modern Intel CPUs:<br />
<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="ini"><br />
cpuid.0.ebx = "0110:1000:0111:0100:0111:0101:0100:0001"<br />
cpuid.0.ecx = "0100:0100:0100:1101:0100:0001:0110:0011"<br />
cpuid.0.edx = "0110:1001:0111:0100:0110:1110:0110:0101"<br />
cpuid.1.eax = "0000:0000:0000:0001:0000:0110:0111:0001"<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
The above configuration is mostly not required if the host machine has an AMD processor, and as such only requires the compatibility version to be changed.<br />
==Gallery==<br />
===Setup===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:7973 setup.png|Setup<br />
File:7973-OOBE.png|[[Out-of-box experience|OOBE]]<br />
File:7973 Metro OOBE.png|Metro OOBE<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Interface===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:7973-LoginScreen.png<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-StartMenu.png|Start menu<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-Explorer.png|[[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]]<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-SystemProperties.png|System Properties<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-TaskManager.png|Task Manager<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-DefaultTheme.png|[[Aero]] theme<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-AeroLite.png|[[Aero Lite]] theme<br />
File:7973 fbl core1 kernel npc System Reset.png|System reset<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-HB-AeroGlass.png|Aero Glass bug in the Home Basic SKU<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Redpill-specific===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:7973-LockScreen.png|Lock screen<br />
File:7973-MetroLoginScreen.png|Metro login screen<br />
File:7973-StartScreen.png|Start screen<br />
File:7973-SearchCharm.png|Search charm<br />
File:7973-OtherPrograms.png|Other Programs<br />
File:7973-SettingsCharm.png|Settings charm<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-CharmsBar.png|Charms bar<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-RedpilledExplorer.png|Windows Explorer (Redpilled)<br />
File:7973 Applications.png|Applications folder<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-ModernTaskManager.png|Modern Task Manager<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-ModernTaskManager-Alt.png|Ditto<br />
File:7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc-AdvancedTaskManager.png|Advanced Task Manager<br />
File:7973 Immersive Control Panel.png|Immersive Control Panel<br />
File:7973 Immersive IE.png|Immersive [[Internet Explorer]]<br />
File:7973-MSHelp-Splash.png|MS Help splash screen<br />
File:7973-MSHelp.png|MS Help<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===Miscellaneous===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Win879738056Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
File:6.2.7973.fbl core1 kernel npc,early boot error.png|Early boot error<br />
File:Windows8-6.2.7973-core1-BSOD.png|System crash<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 8 builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=File:6.2.7973.fbl_core1_kernel_npc,early_boot_error.png&diff=301383File:6.2.7973.fbl core1 kernel npc,early boot error.png2023-11-04T19:31:46Z<p>TechActivate 781: This is the early boot error in Windows 8 build 7973, triggered by booting it in VMware, with 9.x or higher compatibility selected.</p>
<hr />
<div>== Summary ==<br />
This is the early boot error in Windows 8 build 7973, triggered by booting it in VMware, with 9.x or higher compatibility selected.</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Draft_talk:LogonUI&diff=301330Draft talk:LogonUI2023-11-04T10:33:48Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Clock on LogonUI. */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Where is the Windows Vista RTM login screen? ==<br />
I have been searching around the list of Windows Vista builds on the Windows Vista page to find which build had the login screen that would be seen in the RTM build which had a revamped auroa background that was different than the other auroa backgrounds in builds 5308.6 and 5384.4. It also had sightly tweaked Ease of Access and Shutdown menu buttons and also had some slight visual changes to the glass frames around the user account pictures along with some other slight visual tweaks. It appears that a picture of the RTM Vista login screen may not have been uploaded here yet since it is not seen in the Windows Vista RTM page. What was the first build to have the RTM login screen?<br />
<br />
WindowsGuy2021 11:48, 4 November 2022 (UTC)<br />
:The first build to have the RTM login screen was [[Windows Vista build 5487]]. [[User:NaraInsider1694|NaraInsider1694]] ([[User talk:NaraInsider1694|talk]]) 23:18, 4 November 2022 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Clock on LogonUI. ==<br />
<br />
The watch appeared in the 3663 build. Or not?<br />
<br />
According to the screenshots, yes, but we still don't know if this build is real. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 10:33, 4 November 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Draft_talk:LogonUI&diff=301329Draft talk:LogonUI2023-11-04T10:33:27Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Clock on LogonUI. */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Where is the Windows Vista RTM login screen? ==<br />
I have been searching around the list of Windows Vista builds on the Windows Vista page to find which build had the login screen that would be seen in the RTM build which had a revamped auroa background that was different than the other auroa backgrounds in builds 5308.6 and 5384.4. It also had sightly tweaked Ease of Access and Shutdown menu buttons and also had some slight visual changes to the glass frames around the user account pictures along with some other slight visual tweaks. It appears that a picture of the RTM Vista login screen may not have been uploaded here yet since it is not seen in the Windows Vista RTM page. What was the first build to have the RTM login screen?<br />
<br />
WindowsGuy2021 11:48, 4 November 2022 (UTC)<br />
:The first build to have the RTM login screen was [[Windows Vista build 5487]]. [[User:NaraInsider1694|NaraInsider1694]] ([[User talk:NaraInsider1694|talk]]) 23:18, 4 November 2022 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Clock on LogonUI. ==<br />
<br />
The watch appeared in the 3663 build. Or not?<br />
According to the screenshots, yes, but we still don't know if this build is real. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 10:33, 4 November 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Longhorn_build_4051&diff=301227Windows Longhorn build 40512023-11-03T15:56:12Z<p>TechActivate 781: x64 4051 uses i386 setup</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Longhorn]]<br />
|image = WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Desktop.png<br />
|buildtag = 6.0.4051.idx02.031001-1340<br />
|arch = x86, x64, IA-64 <br />
|sku = Professional<br />
|compiled = 2003-10-01<br />
|timebomb = +180 days<br />
|lab = idx02<br />
|version = 6.0<br />
|build = 4051<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/525|TCBGallery=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20vista/6.0.4051.0/english/professional/x86}}<br />
|winver = WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-About.png<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows Longhorn build 4051''' is a Milestone 7 build of [[Windows Vista|Windows Longhorn]]. It is the build given to attendees of Microsoft's Professional Developers Conference 2003 in Los Angeles, California, held between 27-30 October as a cut-down release from the demo builds shown off at that conference, making it one of the only two pre-reset Longhorn builds to receive a widespread release by Microsoft, the other being [[Windows Longhorn build 4074|build 4074]].<br />
<br />
This build comes in x86, x64 and IA-64 variants. The x64 version is not overly different from the x86 version, but uses the i386 setup process and several apps including [[Internet Explorer 6]] have been optimized for x64 (often, the x86 versions do not run).<br />
<br />
This build was compiled in evaluation mode and can be installed on the current date. Attempting to log onto the desktop once the [[timebomb]] has been triggered will return the user to the login screen.<br />
<br />
==Editions and keys==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+<br />
!Architecture<br />
!Key<br />
|-<br />
|x86<br />
|TCP8W-T8PQJ-WWRRH-QH76C-99FBW<br />
CKY24-Q8QRH-X3KMR-C6BCY-T847Y<br />
|-<br />
|AMD64<br />
|TCP8W-T8PQJ-WWRRH-QH76C-99FBW<br />
|-<br />
|IA-64<br />
|P9BT8-6HBG3-GRF29-BM92B-M973D<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Setup ==<br />
Although the setup process overall is similar to previous builds of Longhorn, this build cannot be upgraded from a previous build of Longhorn, due to this being a PDC build.<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Setup.png|Autorun<br />
4051 Setup.png|Setup<br />
4051 ProductKey.png|Enter product key<br />
4051 EULA.png|EULA<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Setup2.png|Select the installation type (also showing the indicator that this is a PDC build).<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Setup3.png|Clean install summary<br />
4051 DiskPartitionin.png|Drive partitioning<br />
4051 PCName.png|Enter computer name<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Setup4.png|Setup is copying files<br />
2003-08-28 184426.png|Loading hardware portion<br />
Setup hardware.png|Hardware portion<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==New features, changes, and fixes==<br />
<br />
=== Installation ===<br />
This build can now be installed from CD boot after being hang at the boot screen since build 4038 to 4042.<br />
<br />
===Explorer=== <br />
*New ''Documents'' and ''Photos and Videos'' libraries.<br />
*The prefix "My" was dropped in most of the remaining folders, resulting in new names for locations ''Computer'', ''Network Places'' and ''Contacts''.<br />
<br />
===Internet Explorer ===<br />
Internet Explorer 6.05 included an add-on manager, a download manager, pop-up blocker, and a tool to quickly delete browsing history.<br />
<br />
===Other new features and changes===<br />
* A new TCP/IP stack. IPv6 is also enabled by default in this new stack.<br />
* Self-Healing NTFS was added in this build.<br />
* The top buttons in the migration wizard now function.<br />
* The <code>[[winver]]</code> banner has been changed to align with the new Slate theme.<br />
<br />
== Bugs and quirks ==<br />
=== Shell ===<br />
The x64 and IA-64 compile of this build lacks the Sidebar and Explorer preview pane as a result of the absence of the Avalon framework, which was still being implemented onto different architectures at the time of compilation. It would eventually be completely ported over and included by default starting with the IA-64 compile of [[Windows Longhorn build 4067|build 4067]].<br />
<br />
=== ClearType ===<br />
Some copies of this build's x86 counterpart do not have ClearType font smoothing enabled by default.<br />
<br />
=== Notifications ===<br />
Notifications tend to reappear quite a lot, until the user reaches a certain point where they will finally close for real upon closing. To fix this, disable the Sidebar or click on Options, and then click on "Don't show this again".<br />
<br />
=== TCP/IP stack ===<br />
The TCP/IP stack has a few bugs, however, most of them were fixed in [[Windows Longhorn build 4053|build 4053]].<br />
<br />
=== x64 build specifics ===<br />
The x64 compile of this build suffers from performance regressions and is subject to a number of bugs, which also include a crash on startup. The build installs a barebone set of drivers during setup, and additionally lacks a significant majority of the WoW64 compatibility layer, resulting in most x86-based applications not being able to run properly. To achieve better performance, apply the [[Windows Classic]] theme.<br />
<br />
==== Hardware Abstraction Layer bugcheck on Checked/Debug compile ====<br />
Attempting to boot the x64 checked/debug version of this build on a host device that has the [[Hyper-V]] hypervisor enabled causes an exception within the Hardware Abstraction Layer's processor feature check, in turn triggering a 0x7E (<code>SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED</code>) [[bugcheck]]. The issue can be worked around by either substituting the <code>hal.dll</code> binary with the variant from the Free compile or by disabling Hyper-V (<code>HypervisorLaunchType</code>) from the host's boot configuration options.<br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
Longhorn40424093Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Login.png|Welcome<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Login2.png|Login screen<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Autorun.png|AutoRun prompt<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-DefaultStore.png|Explorer<br />
4051 GameExplorer.png|Games<br />
4051 Matchmaker.png|An early version of Buddy Matchmaker<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Outlook.png|Outlook Express<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Screensaver.png|Login screensaver<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051m7-blstartmenu.png|Blue Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051m7-oglstartmenu.png|Olive Green Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051m7-slstartmenu.png|Silver Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051m7-wcstartmenu.png|Windows Classic theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051m7-sstartmenu.png|Slate theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.4051-Demo.png|Demo<br />
SafeLonghorn.PNG|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===PDC 2003 discs===<br />
<gallery><br />
PDC03 Disc 01B.jpg|Disc 1<br />
PDC03 Disc 01A.jpg|Disc 1 (alt)<br />
PDC03 Disc 02.jpg|Disc 2<br />
PDC03 Disc 03.jpg|Disc 3 - Yukon CD<br />
PDC03 Disc 04.jpg|Disc 4 - Whidbey DVD<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Longhorn builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=User_talk:BlueRain&diff=299976User talk:BlueRain2023-10-23T07:50:14Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows Core OS */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Where are you from?==<br />
Where are you from? It's from England??<br />
<br />
Are you from England? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:03, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Sorry, I have a mistake!!!! ==<br />
<br />
Inadvertently enter an additional an A for hand disability (from 11a419 to 11a419a)<br />
I have to removed to 11a419. <br />
Can you forgive me??? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:44, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Windows Core OS ==<br />
<br />
Hi,<br />
<br />
I was slightly confused after a user [https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Core_OS&diff=299825&oldid=292976 edited] the "Windows Core OS" page on BetaWiki. This edit removed the Windows 10X section on the page. I then reverted it, bringing the Windows 10X section back. However, on the most recent edit, I saw that you had removed that section.<br />
<br />
I'm sorry if I offended you, but can you please tell me why the Windows 10X section should not be there?<br />
<br />
Regards,<br />
[[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 17:53, 22 October 2023 (UTC)<br />
<br />
:Is there anything wrong with Windows 10X being a canceled product?<br />
--[[User:BlueRain|BlueRain]] ([[User talk:BlueRain|talk]]) 03:20, 23 October 2023 (UTC)<br />
<br />
Ah, my mistake, sorry about that. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 07:50, 23 October 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=User_talk:BlueRain&diff=299950User talk:BlueRain2023-10-22T17:53:55Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows Core OS */ messed the signature up</p>
<hr />
<div>==Where are you from?==<br />
Where are you from? It's from England??<br />
<br />
Are you from England? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:03, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Sorry, I have a mistake!!!! ==<br />
<br />
Inadvertently enter an additional an A for hand disability (from 11a419 to 11a419a)<br />
I have to removed to 11a419. <br />
Can you forgive me??? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:44, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Windows Core OS ==<br />
<br />
Hi,<br />
<br />
I was slightly confused after a user [https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Core_OS&diff=299825&oldid=292976 edited] the "Windows Core OS" page on BetaWiki. This edit removed the Windows 10X section on the page. I then reverted it, bringing the Windows 10X section back. However, on the most recent edit, I saw that you had removed that section.<br />
<br />
I'm sorry if I offended you, but can you please tell me why the Windows 10X section should not be there?<br />
<br />
Regards,<br />
[[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 17:53, 22 October 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=User_talk:BlueRain&diff=299949User talk:BlueRain2023-10-22T17:53:37Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows Core OS */ new section</p>
<hr />
<div>==Where are you from?==<br />
Where are you from? It's from England??<br />
<br />
Are you from England? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:03, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Sorry, I have a mistake!!!! ==<br />
<br />
Inadvertently enter an additional an A for hand disability (from 11a419 to 11a419a)<br />
I have to removed to 11a419. <br />
Can you forgive me??? [[User:我是王牌66|我是王牌66]] ([[User talk:我是王牌66|talk]]) 13:44, 1 August 2021 (UTC)<br />
<br />
== Windows Core OS ==<br />
<br />
Hi,<br />
<br />
I was slightly confused after a user [https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Core_OS&diff=299825&oldid=292976 edited] the "Windows Core OS" page on BetaWiki. This edit removed the Windows 10X section on the page. I then reverted it, bringing the Windows 10X section back. However, on the most recent edit, I saw that you had removed that section.<br />
<br />
I'm sorry if I offended you, but can you please tell me why the Windows 10X section should not be there?<br />
<br />
Regards,<br />
17:53, 22 October 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Core_OS&diff=299903Windows Core OS2023-10-22T07:33:14Z<p>TechActivate 781: why did u remove 10x?</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Windows Core OS''' (abbreviated as '''WCOS''') is an internal Microsoft effort that aims to provide a universal, modular base for future versions of [[Microsoft Windows]]. The operating system is still based on the NT kernel, although most legacy features found in regular desktop Windows have been stripped out. Instead of the traditional [[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]] shell, the platform uses a newly built GUI stack based on DirectX and the UWP/WinUI frameworks. By default, WCOS variants are not natively compatible with applications using the legacy User and GDI libraries for their user interface, however, they can run virtualized using either remoting or a purpose-built container.<br />
<br />
The introduction of a common core for all Windows-based products has been planned back as early as 2002. However, actual work would not start until 2014 with OneCore, which unified all products previously using separate forks of the Windows codebase into a single source code repository, enabling everything to be built from a single codebase although each product still provided its own shell on top of the common core. Windows Core OS is a natural extension of this effort, as it provides a common modular shell which can be customized for individual needs of each product.<br />
<br />
== List of flavors==<br />
;[[Windows 10X|Windows 10X (Centaurus/ModernPC CDG)]]<br />
:Originally intended for dual-screen devices, later redesigned for single-screen devices as a competitor to [[ChromeOS]]. Canceled shortly before release in favor of integrating key technologies to existing products.<br />
<br />
;[[Windows Core]]<br />
:Internal test flavor intended for operating system base layer and component testing.<br />
<br />
;[[Windows Andromeda OS|Andromeda OS]]<br />
:Intended for use on the Surface Duo device family (codenamed Andromeda). Canceled in favor of [[Android]] for the Surface Duo 1 (codenamed Epsilon).<br />
<br />
;[[Windows Polaris OS|Polaris OS]]<br />
:Canceled flavor with a desktop-like user interface.<br />
<br />
;[[Windows Factory OS|Factory OS]]<br />
:Lightweight version intended for use on factory floor and driver development.<br />
<br />
;[[Surface Hub OS|Aruba OS/Hub OS/Modern PC LSX]]<br />
:Intended for use on the canceled Surface Hub 2X. Canceled in favor of maintaining a single version of Surface Hub (Surface Hub 2S) running on Windows Team (PPIPro) or Windows Desktop editions.<br />
<br />
;Windows Holographic (Oasis)<br />
:[[w:HoloLens 2|HoloLens 2]] firmware. Does not make use of CShell Composers and instead uses its own shell.<br />
<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Microsoft Windows]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_2000_build_1932&diff=297669Windows 2000 build 19322023-10-08T16:17:44Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Gallery */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|image = Windows2000-5.0.1932-SystemInfo.png<br />
|build of = [[Windows 2000]]<br />
|sku = Professional<br>Server<br />
|buildtag = 5.0.1932.1<br />
|arch = x86<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 2000 build 1932''' is a pre-Beta 3 build of [[Windows 2000]]. Some screenshots exist allegedly from this build, including one showing a Professional install registered to Rob Jansen. This is most likely fake, because the font on the title bars of <code>[[winver]]</code> and System Properties is Tahoma, but the font on the desktop shortcuts and the Taskbar is still Microsoft Sans Serif.<br />
However, it has also been mentioned in a newsgroup discussion from 23 December 1998.<ref>https://groups.google.com/forum/#!searchin/microsoft.public.winnt50.beta.general/build/microsoft.public.winnt50.beta.general/LHx6T4WD7Vo/VDG2ssIqCgsJ</ref><br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1932-Setup.png|Setup<br />
File:5.0.1932-CHK.png|CHKDSK on boot<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1911-Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1964-Ctrl+Alt+Del.png|Ctrl+Alt+Del prompt<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1888-Safe.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 2000 builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unconfirmed builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_2000_build_1932&diff=297668Windows 2000 build 19322023-10-08T16:17:12Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Gallery */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|image = Windows2000-5.0.1932-SystemInfo.png<br />
|build of = [[Windows 2000]]<br />
|sku = Professional<br>Server<br />
|buildtag = 5.0.1932.1<br />
|arch = x86<br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 2000 build 1932''' is a pre-Beta 3 build of [[Windows 2000]]. Some screenshots exist allegedly from this build, including one showing a Professional install registered to Rob Jansen. This is most likely fake, because the font on the title bars of <code>[[winver]]</code> and System Properties is Tahoma, but the font on the desktop shortcuts and the Taskbar is still Microsoft Sans Serif.<br />
However, it has also been mentioned in a newsgroup discussion from 23 December 1998.<ref>https://groups.google.com/forum/#!searchin/microsoft.public.winnt50.beta.general/build/microsoft.public.winnt50.beta.general/LHx6T4WD7Vo/VDG2ssIqCgsJ</ref><br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1932-Setup.png|Setup<br />
File:5.0.1932-CHK.png|<code>CHKDSK</code> on boot<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1911-Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1964-Ctrl+Alt+Del.png|Ctrl+Alt+Del prompt<br />
File:Windows2000-5.0.1888-Safe.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 2000 builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unconfirmed builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Android&diff=297557Android2023-10-07T13:47:30Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Timeline */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Linux distribution<br />
|name = Android<br />
|logo = Android logo 2019.svg<br />
|logo-size = 120px<br />
|image = Android13Homescreen.png <br />
|releasedate = 23 September 2008<br />
|latestbuild = [[Android 13]]<br />
|status = Active<br />
}}<br />
'''Android''' is an operating system based on Linux produced by Google that targets smart, portable and/or embedded devices such as phones, tablets, smartwatches, televisions, cars and other embedded systems. Android was originally developed by a company called Android Inc. Google later acquired the company in July 2005 and then made the Android SDK available in November 2007. One year later, the first version of Android was released in September 2008.<br />
<br />
From Android 1.5 until Android 10, every major Android version had a name based on different desserts in alphabetical order. Since Android 10 to 12L, the version number is used instead in official releases, while the dessert names only remain for internal codenames. This change was reverted in Android 13 developer previews.<br />
<br />
In January 2020, Microsoft released the first preview of [[Android (Surface Duo series variant)|their custom Android experience]] meant to run on the Surface Duo, build [[Android build 2020.117.2|2020.117.2]].<br />
<br />
==Timeline==<br />
The codenames are named after desserts, similar to how [[Ubuntu]]'s codenames were named after animals.<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 70%"<br />
!Version!!Codename(s)!!Release date!!Notes<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 1.x]]||Astro Boy, Bender, Petit Four, Cupcake, Donut||23 September 2008||HTC Dream was the first phone to be released with Android.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 2.x]]||Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread||26 October 2009||Supported more screen resolutions.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 3.x]]||Honeycomb||22 February 2011 ||This version was targeted at tablets only.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 4.x]]|| Ice Cream Sandwich, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Key Lime Pie (4.4 internal)||18 October 2011 ||First version to integrate the screenshot feature.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 5.x]]||Lollipop, Lemon Meringue Pie (internal)||12 November 2014 ||Introduced a new design known as Material Design.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 6.x]]||Marshmallow, Macadamia Nut Cookie (internal)||29 September 2015 ||First version to support USB-C and fingerprint sensors.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 7.x]]||Nougat, New York Cheesecake (internal)||22 August 2016 ||First version to have multi-window support.<br />
First version to support A/B seamless update.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 8.x]]||Oreo, Oatmeal Cookie (internal)||21 August 2017 ||First version to have picture-in-picture support. <br />
First version to support Project Treble. <br />
<br />
First version to support Vendor Native Development Kit.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 9]]||Pie, Pistachio Ice Cream (internal)||6 August 2018 ||Minor design updates.<br />
First version to have time limits for apps.<br />
<br />
First version without a minor version number.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 10]]||Quince Tart (internal), Q<br />
|3 September 2019||First released version to not publicly use a dessert codename.<br />
Added dark mode.<br />
<br />
First version to support Dynamic Partitions and Dynamic System Updates.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 11]]<br />
|Red Velvet Cake (internal), R<br />
|8 September 2020<br />
|First version to support foldable devices.<br />
First version to support Generic Kernel Image.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 12]]<br />
|Snow Cone (internal), S<br />
|4 October 2021<br />
|Introduced a new design known as Material You or Material Design 3.<br />
First version to have system-as-root enforcement.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 12L]]<br />
|Snow Cone 2 (internal), Sv2<br />
|7 March 2022<br />
|Introduced a new optimized layout for tablets and large-screen devices.<br />
Released as "Android 12.1" for Pixel smartphones<ref>[https://9to5google.com/2022/03/07/pixel-march-22-security-patch/ Android 12.1 March security patch rolling out to Google Pixel, factory images & OTAs live - 9to5Google]: ''The factory images this morning revealed that Android 12L is officially Android 12.1, though [the version number doesn't] appear anywhere in the OS/system Settings app.''</ref>.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 13]]<br />
|Tiramisu<br />
|15 August 2022<br />
|First version since Android 10 that publicly uses a dessert codename.<br />
First version to have A/B seamless update enforcement on Vendor Test Suite.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Android 14]]<br />
|Upside Down Cake<br />
|4 October 2023<br />
|<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
[[Category:Operating systems]]<br />
[[Category:Linux]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=297418Template:News2023-10-06T17:05:56Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows 11 Canary (Gallium) */ updated</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 17#iOS_17.1|iOS 17.1]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.1 build 21B5056e|21B5056e}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma#14.1|macOS Sonoma 14.1]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23B5056e|23B5056e}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Release Preview ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2361|22631.2361.ni_release_svc_prod3.230914-1807}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2338|22631.2338.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230906-1420}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23560|23560.1000.ni_prerelease.230929-1513}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25967|25967.1000.rs_prerelease.230929-1123}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25967|25967.1000.rs_prerelease.230929-1123 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8112 (fbl_core1_soc)|8112.0.fbl_core1_soc.110912-1800 ''(Preinstallation Environment; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 10 (original release)]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10034 (fbl_impressive)|10034.0.fbl_impressive.150304-1700 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x86)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10134 (fbl_impressive)|10134.0.fbl_impressive.150529-1943 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10152|10152.0.fbl_impressive.150618-2341 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=295853Template:News2023-09-27T14:26:33Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows 11 Canary (Gallium) */</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 16#iOS_16.7|iOS 16.7]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 16.7 build 20H19|20H19}}<br />
<br />
====[[iOS 17#iOS_17.0.2|iOS 17.0.2]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.0.2 build 21A351|21A351}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Ventura#13.6|macOS Ventura 13.6]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Ventura build 22G120|22G120}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23A344|23A344}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Release Preview ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2361|22631.2361.ni_release_svc_prod3.230914-1807}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2338|22631.2338.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230906-1420}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23550|23550.1000.ni_prerelease.230915-1324}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25951.1010|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553 ''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25951.1010|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8112 (fbl_core1_soc)|8112.0.fbl_core1_soc.110912-1800 ''(Preinstallation Environment; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 10 (original release)]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10034 (fbl_impressive)|10034.0.fbl_impressive.150304-1700 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x86)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10134 (fbl_impressive)|10134.0.fbl_impressive.150529-1943 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10152|10152.0.fbl_impressive.150618-2341 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Core]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Core build 16236|16236.1003.rs_onecore_webplat_stage_dev3.170707-1700}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=295852Template:News2023-09-27T14:23:03Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows 11 Canary (Gallium) */</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 16#iOS_16.7|iOS 16.7]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 16.7 build 20H19|20H19}}<br />
<br />
====[[iOS 17#iOS_17.0.2|iOS 17.0.2]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.0.2 build 21A351|21A351}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Ventura#13.6|macOS Ventura 13.6]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Ventura build 22G120|22G120}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23A344|23A344}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Release Preview ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2361|22631.2361.ni_release_svc_prod3.230914-1807}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2338|22631.2338.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230906-1420}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23550|23550.1000.ni_prerelease.230915-1324}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25951|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553 ''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25951|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8112 (fbl_core1_soc)|8112.0.fbl_core1_soc.110912-1800 ''(Preinstallation Environment; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 10 (original release)]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10034 (fbl_impressive)|10034.0.fbl_impressive.150304-1700 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x86)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10134 (fbl_impressive)|10134.0.fbl_impressive.150529-1943 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10152|10152.0.fbl_impressive.150618-2341 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Core]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Core build 16236|16236.1003.rs_onecore_webplat_stage_dev3.170707-1700}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=295851Template:News2023-09-27T14:22:43Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 16#iOS_16.7|iOS 16.7]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 16.7 build 20H19|20H19}}<br />
<br />
====[[iOS 17#iOS_17.0.2|iOS 17.0.2]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.0.2 build 21A351|21A351}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Ventura#13.6|macOS Ventura 13.6]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Ventura build 22G120|22G120}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23A344|23A344}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Release Preview ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2361|22631.2361.ni_release_svc_prod3.230914-1807}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11 2023 Update|2023 Update]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2338|22631.2338.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230906-1420}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23550|23550.1000.ni_prerelease.230915-1324}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25951|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25951|25951.1010.rs_prerelease_flt.230908-1553 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.408|25398.408.zn_release_svc_prod1.230901-1432}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8112 (fbl_core1_soc)|8112.0.fbl_core1_soc.110912-1800 ''(Preinstallation Environment; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 10 (original release)]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10034 (fbl_impressive)|10034.0.fbl_impressive.150304-1700 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x86)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10134 (fbl_impressive)|10134.0.fbl_impressive.150529-1943 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 10152|10152.0.fbl_impressive.150618-2341 ''(Windows Recovery Environment; x64)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Core]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Core build 16236|16236.1003.rs_onecore_webplat_stage_dev3.170707-1700}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_XP_build_2600.1106&diff=293610Windows XP build 2600.11062023-09-13T19:45:29Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 293605 by Deborahh1995 (talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|image = WindowsXP-SP1-Desktop.png<br />
|build of = [[Windows XP]]<br />
|buildtag = 5.1.2600.1106.xpsp1.020828-1920<br />
|arch = x86, IA-64, AMD64{{efn|In [[Windows XP#Source code leak|source code form]] only; contents are incomplete.}}<br />
|compiled = 2002-08-28<br />
|sku = Professional<br/>Home Edition<br/>[[Windows XP Media Center Edition build 2600.1106|Media Center Edition]]<br/>[[Windows XP Embedded build 2600.1106|Embedded]]<br/>Advanced Server{{efn|name="SrcKit"|Can be obtained by compiling the leaked source code (with additional modifications).}}<br/>Blade Server{{efn|name="SrcKit"}}<br/>Datacenter Server{{efn|name="SrcKit"}}<br/>Standard Server{{efn|name="SrcKit"}}<br />
|winver = WindowsXP-5.1.2600.1106sp1-About.PNG<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=https://thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/347|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20xp/5.1.2600.1106/english/professional}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows XP build 2600.1106''' is the official RTM build of [[Windows XP]] Service Pack 1 released on 9 September 2002. The [[Windows XP#Source code leak|source code]] for this build, along with the [[Windows Server 2003 build 3790|RTM build of Windows Server 2003]], was leaked on 23 September 2020.<br />
<br />
This release would be used as the base for [[Windows XP Tablet PC Edition]] and [[Windows XP Media Center Edition]]. It was also pushed out to [[Windows XP Embedded]] and [[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition]].<br />
<br />
== Changes from Windows XP RTM ==<br />
* Added the Set Program Access and Defaults [[Control Panel]] applet, which can be used to set default web browsers and media players.<br />
* Added support for .NET Framework.<br />
* Added support for USB 2.0.<br />
<br />
== Service Pack 1a ==<br />
On 3 February 2003, Service Pack 1a was released to remove the Microsoft Java Virtual Machine as a result of a legal battle between Sun Microsystems and Microsoft over the Java VM code. The original SP1 and SP1a are otherwise identical.<br />
<br />
== Bugs ==<br />
=== Activation ===<br />
A zero day activation bug may occur if installed on the current date. Attempting to activate will result in no installation ID being generated, making it impossible to activate by normal means, unless the user updates to [[Windows XP build 2600.2180|Service Pack 2]].<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsXPRTMBoot.png|Professional boot screen<br />
WinXPHomeBoot.png|Home boot screen<br />
WIXPBETA2485-UpgradeSetup.png|Upgrade setup<br />
WinXPSafe.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows XP Service Pack 1 builds]]<br />
[[Category:Windows XP builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Longhorn_build_3683&diff=293609Windows Longhorn build 36832023-09-13T19:45:05Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Longhorn]]<br />
|image = 3683_1.png<br />
|buildtag = 6.0.3683.Lab06_N.020923-1821<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|sku = Professional<br>Media Center Edition<br />
|lab = Lab06_N<br />
|version = 6.0<br />
|build = 3683<br />
|compiled = 2002-09-23<br />
|timebomb = 2003-09-18<br />
|key = CKY24-Q8QRH-X3KMR-C6BCY-T847Y<br />
|winver = LH3683_Winver.png<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/514|TCBGallery=http://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20vista/6.0.3683.0/english/professional/x86|BAWiki=https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Windows_Longhorn/6.0.3683.Lab06_N.020923-1821}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows Longhorn build 3683''' is a Milestone 3 build of [[Windows Vista|Windows Longhorn]]. It is currently the earliest available build of pre-reset Longhorn, which was originally leaked on 19 November 2002 by the beta group xBetas,<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20021217200845/http://www.xbetas.com/modules.php?name=NukeNews&req=article&sid=735</ref> with their branding visible in the setup handle and in a modified wallpaper present within the install media (advertising for their now long-gone IRC channel).<br />
<br />
This build is one of the earliest to introduce the blue [[Plex]] theme, which would be used all the way up to Milestone 6. Builds from this timeframe are also notable in that the window captions are centered when the Plex theme is enabled, which is reminiscent of early Windows versions and which was also later used in [[Windows 8]], [[Windows 8.1]], up to some earlier pre-release builds of [[Windows 10 (original release)|Windows 10]]. The Windows flag on the Start button has been changed to monochrome white in order to fit in the new theme. The login screen was changed to include a clock in the top-right corner and to use a silver and dark blue color scheme, although it still gets to keep the same overall layout as in [[Windows XP]]. [[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]] was updated with a new Plex-styled task pane and new templates for the My Documents and My Pictures directories. A new file copy dialog has been implemented, although it doesn't use Avalon. The fold/unfold buttons have been added to Windows Explorer when the ''Show in Groups'' option is enabled.<br />
<br />
A preliminary version of the Avalon user interface framework is included and is used to implement the new [[Windows Sidebar]] and Desktop Properties. The [[Windows Sidebar|Sidebar]] is empty upon enabling and similarly to later builds, it can be combined with the taskbar, which enables a new Start button design also found in later builds. A new virtual desktops feature is also accessible from the Sidebar. [[Desktop Compositing Engine]] is also included with this build, although it is quite unstable and is only known to work on real hardware. When enabled, it renders open windows with a translucency effect.<br />
<br />
==New features and changes==<br />
=== Setup ===<br />
Although this build still uses the i386-based installation method used in previous versions of Windows (and as such still utilizes the same minimum requirements as [[Windows XP]]), the ability to install Windows by invoking <code>winnt.exe</code> from [[MS-DOS]] has been removed, and attempting to do so will result in the following deprecation notice, even if the <code>/I_am_TedM</code> debug parameter is passed over to the command line:<br />
<br />
{{quote|Thank you for trying to install Windows Longhorn 2004 using DOS 1985.<br />
<br />
Installing Windows using <code>WINNT.EXE</code> is no longer supported.<br />
Please refer to <nowiki>http://winweb/setup/winntexe.htm</nowiki> for further information.}}<br />
<br />
This removal is likely attributed to development of the then-new Windows Imaging (WIM) format, which had been in the works from as early as March 2002.<ref>Gurr, Rob. [http://web.archive.org/web/20221219203342/https://github.com/jeffglaum/mu_oem_sample/blob/personal/rogurr/cbmr_driver/OemPkg/cBMR/MsCbmrDriver/common/wimfile.h <code>wimfile.h</code> in <code>jeffglaum/mu_oem_sample</code> GitHub repository] ([http://web.archive.org/web/20221219203858/https://github.com/jeffglaum/mu_oem_sample/commit/f5be86a9d17be46cdb24250b2fe536ea8232b897 commit]). 21 September 2022. Archived from the originals <sup>([https://github.com/jeffglaum/mu_oem_sample/blob/personal/rogurr/cbmr_driver/OemPkg/cBMR/MsCbmrDriver/common/wimfile.h 1], [https://github.com/jeffglaum/mu_oem_sample/blob/personal/rogurr/cbmr_driver/OemPkg/cBMR/MsCbmrDriver/common/wimfile.h 2])</sup> on 19 December 2022.</ref><br />
<br />
===Avalon===<br />
This build includes an early version of [[Windows Presentation Foundation]] (WPF), codenamed ''Avalon'', which unlike versions found builds later than [[Windows Longhorn build 3713|3713]], is built against the original .NET Framework 1.0 and can therefore be installed on [[Windows XP]] or other systems supported by the framework.<br />
<br />
==== Windows Trust Manager====<br />
This build features the new Windows Trust Manager, which can be seen when launching a copy of <code>mytvapp.container</code> obtained from a later build, for example. In this case, it does nothing more than asking the user for permission to install the aforementioned app.<br />
<br />
===WinFS===<br />
An early revision of [[WinFS]], referred to as "Windows Future Storage" in <code>services.msc</code> and in the "Windows Components Wizard", is also included in this build, but very little in the way of a user interface was included, and as such it appeared to early testers to be nothing more than a service that consumed large amounts of memory and processor time. In reality, WinFS is responsible for a few of the new features found in this build, such as the "My Contacts" library and Pivots. Thus, disabling WinFS will make it impossible to open the aforementioned library, as well as accessing the Pivots functionality.<br />
<br />
===Windows Explorer===<br />
*Windows Explorer features a huge number of enhancements: three new buttons have been added to the toolbar, namely Zoom, through which it is possible to change the size of the icons in the current folder; Details, which acts as a toggle for the new preview pane; and Pivots, which allows grouping of items such as pictures or music by a specific property, such as "Music Grouped By Album". It should be noted that when selecting a pivot, the system will not filter the contents of the current folder, but it will rather filter the content of the whole hard drive.<br />
<br />
*A new breadcrumb bar has taken the place of the traditional address bar and the tasks pane on the left has changed as well: other than featuring a new background which fits the new [[Plex]] theme, it also includes a new "Find" section with a TextBox, through which it is possible to filter the contents of the current folder. A new Explorer Bar called "Media" has been added, however it fails to load a non-existent page called "Media Places". The media controls are shown, however. A few new options are also available in the "Folder Options" dialog, such as "Check box select".<br />
<br />
*The "New" context menu allows the creation of two new items, namely "Photo Album" and "Playlist".<br />
* The previously mentioned "My Contacts" library can be enabled via "Customize Start Menu" dialog. It is possible to create new contacts through its context menu, but this feature is very rudimentary, and once created it is possible to edit just their name and e-mail address. Double-clicking a contact will open an IM window.<br />
*A friendlier version of the more advanced Device Manager, the "My Hardware" folder, appears by default in the Start menu.<br />
<br />
===New file copy conflict resolve dialog ===<br />
This build has a new file copy conflict resolve dialog, it can be enabled by setting the DWORD value <code>NewResolve</code> to 1 in <code>HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer</code>.<br />
<br />
It will show huge icons of both the source and destination file and will let the users choose if they want to skip or overwrite the file.<br />
<br />
=== Briefcase introduction===<br />
This build contains a briefcase introduction dialog, which can be opened by running <code>rundll32 syncui.dll,Briefcase_IntroW</code>.<ref name="lhMS-3683Tips">[https://longhorn.ms/3683-tips-tricks/ 3683 Tips & tricks], ''longhorn.ms''.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Sidebar===<br />
This build features the sidebar, which is disabled by default and can be enabled in the "Taskbar and Start Menu Properties" dialog. Among its options, there is the possibility to toggle its transparency as well as side, other than an "Unlock bar" option in order to resize it and a "Taskbar" one, which is an early implementation of a combined taskbar and sidebar: upon clicking it, the taskbar will disappear and a new Start button will appear at the top of the sidebar; currently open applications will not be displayed though. The sidebar includes several tiles already, which are the equivalent of the gadgets that would much later be seen in [[Windows Sidebar]], such as Clock, DesktopManager (a functionality that would have not made it into a final [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] version until [[Windows 10]]), MFU, Quick Launch, Search, SlideShow and UserTile. When the sidebar contains tiles and is set to be minimized, a second tray will appear in the taskbar, showing the icons of the added tiles. Clicking each icon will open the flyout of its associated tile, if it has any.<br />
<br />
===Hidden sidebar tiles===<br />
===="People" sidebar tile====<br />
This build features a normally hidden People sidebar tile. It can be enabled by changing the following values in the registry:<ref>https://wiki.betaworld.cn/Windows_Vista:6.0.3683.0.Lab06_N.020923-1821</ref><br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="registry"><br />
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00<br />
<br />
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\StartBar\Modules\PeopleTile]<br />
"Assembly"="Microsoft.Windows.PPLRTC1"<br />
"Module"="Microsoft.Windows.Collaboration.Controls.PeopleTile"<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
====Digital clock sidebar tile====<br />
Another hidden sidebar tile, included in this build is a digital clock tile, which also can be enabled by changing the following values in the registry:<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="registry"><br />
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00<br />
<br />
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\StartBar\Modules\DigClock]<br />
"Assembly"="Microsoft.Windows.Client"<br />
"Module"="Microsoft.Windows.Client.Sidebar.DigClockTile"<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
=== Game manager ===<br />
This build contains an early prototype of a game manager. Game Definition (GDF) files are recognized by Explorer, and a sample file can be downloaded [https://longhorn.ms/download/resethorn-the-game.zip here].<ref name="lhMS-3683Tips" /> Additionally, it's possible to open a "My Games News" window by running <code>mgui /news general</code>.<ref>[https://twitter.com/thebookisclosed/status/1321870678283460609 Albacore on Twitter]</ref><br />
<br />
===Desktop Compositing Engine===<br />
Contrary to popular belief, this build already contains [[Desktop Compositing Engine]], but it is unstable and only renders window transparency. It is only known to work on real hardware, and it lacks a user interface as well. It can be enabled on the next startup by adding the following registry key and restarting:<br />
<syntaxhighlight lang="registry"><br />
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00<br />
<br />
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\DesktopComposition]<br />
"StartupOptions"=dword:00000001<br />
</syntaxhighlight><br />
<br />
Alternatively, [[Desktop Window Manager|DCE]] may be started or stopped on request by substituting <code>"StartupOptions"=dword:00000001</code> with <code>"StartupOptions"=dword:00000002</code> in the reg key above. After restarting the computer, DCE may be started by entering <code>rundll32 user32.dll,StartDCE</code> in a command prompt window and stopped with <code>rundll32 user32.dll,StopDCE</code>. After stopping DCE it is helpful to drag a few open windows around to redraw the screen.<br />
<br />
===Avalon-based Display Properties===<br />
This build also includes a new [[Windows Presentation Foundation|Avalon]]-based display settings applet, which can be accessed by right clicking the desktop and then selecting "Properties". However, this applet is largely incomplete; only the "Desktop Background" and "Use Classic Display Control Panel" options work (the earlier option is partially broken), while "Scale and Resolution" and "Display Connection Settings" crashes the applet and Theme and Screen Saver applets and "More Information" option of Display Connection Properties only lead to a screen saying these components are under construction.<br />
<br />
In the Desktop Background, one can select to choose a solid color background, gradient background, rotate to different images (this functionality was under construction) or even make picture collages. The option to change images on the desktop periodically would eventually be a feature that would come in the [[Windows Vista build 6000.16386|final release of Vista]]. Gradient backgrounds made by the applet will be created as a bitmap file named "Wallpaper1".<br />
<br />
===Media Center===<br />
Much like other Milestone 3 builds, this build contains an early version of the Media Center components, codenamed ''Freestyle''. The components can be added from the Add or Remove Programs in the Control Panel under the name of "Freestyle". Once installed, restart the computer to complete the installation. This changes the boot screen, altering the "Professional" text to "Freestyle", while the About Program banner changes from "Professional" to "Media Center Edition". The Media Center application itself is heavily broken, and crashes shortly after launching.<br />
<br />
If prompted for the second disk, it should be pointed to the I386 directory of the installation media.<br />
<br />
===Start Page===<br />
This build, along with the other Milestone 3 builds, contains a new Start Page feature, appearing to be a prototype of a different OOBE to replace the one used in Windows XP. By default, it is not accessible, but Stanimir Stoyanov provided the original Start Page Launcher which can be used to open the Start Page.<ref>[https://longhorn.ms/startpage/ Start page], ''longhorn.ms''.</ref> Due to its earliness, it only contains four tiles that are nonfunctional, being E-Mail, Calendar, Quick Launch, and PromotionsTile.<br />
<br />
===Login screen===<br />
The Welcome login screen now has the ability to require the user to press {{key press|Ctrl|Alt|Del}} to log in to the system. Previously, this was only possible when using the classic login screen.<br />
<br />
=== Miscellaneous ===<br />
*The kernel version has been changed to 6.0.<br />
*The [[out-of-box experience]] music has been changed to ''No Hay Problema'' by [[w:Pink Martini|Pink Martini]], which is included but not used in the final release of [[Windows Server 2003]].<br />
*The [[Windows Product Activation]] grace period has been reduced to 14 days.<br />
*[[Microsoft DirectX|DirectX]] has been updated to version [[DirectX 9|9.0]].<br />
*The Castle service has been introduced.<br />
*[[Internet Explorer]] has been updated to version 6.05.<br />
*The ability of [[Visual style|visual styles]] theming menus and menu bars has been implemented.<br />
<br />
==Bugs and quirks==<br />
=== DiskPart ===<br />
DiskPart does not work and will tell the user that <code>This version of diskpart is not supported on this platform.</code><br />
<br />
===OOBE===<br />
The [[out-of-box experience]] may take up a much longer time to initialize unlike other builds.<br />
<br />
===Explorer=== <br />
*When logging in, Windows Explorer will be fairly un-responsive for several minutes.<br />
*Logging off has a chance of crashing Windows Explorer.<br />
*Deleting the registry key <code>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\WebView</code> will disable the details pane in Explorer and enable the [[Windows XP]]-style task pane instead.<br />
<br />
===Sidebar===<br />
*Often, switching to a virtual desktop will fail if the virtual desktop has at least one open program.<br />
*When combining the taskbar with the sidebar, balloons will still pop at the same place as where the taskbar would be at if not combined with the sidebar.<br />
<br />
=== Applications===<br />
[[File:3683 paint crash.PNG|250px|thumb|Paint crash]]<br />
* [[Task Manager]] allows the user to terminate critical system processes.<br />
*[[Paint]] and <code>mshta.exe</code> crashes on exit with a <code>memory could not be "read"</code>error.<br />
* As with later builds of Longhorn, this build is incompatible with a number of applications that require Windows XP or earlier due to the kernel version. Many of these compatibility issues can be resolved by running applications in Windows Compatibility Mode or by editing the ''CSDVersion'' key located in the Windows Registry.<br />
*Some installers that rely on Windows Installer may incorrectly say that this build is x64.<br />
* [[Outlook Express]] has a broken pane close button and the bitmap shown in the About box is not properly displayed.<br />
<br />
===Media Center===<br />
Once installed, it is impossible to uninstall Media Center. The only way to uninstall this is to reinstall Windows.<br />
<br />
=== Upgrading===<br />
[[File:3683UpgradeFileCopyError.PNG|250px|thumb|File copy error when upgrading from Windows XP]]<br />
* On some software configurations, upgrading from [[Windows XP]] can result in setup reporting that a file is missing in <code>C:\$WIN_NT$~BT</code>. The filename will always start with the letter 'a' followed by a random string of seven alphanumeric characters, but the file extension will always be <code>.sys</code>. This can be fixed by expanding any valid <code>.sys</code> file into the <code>C:\$WIN_NT$.~BT</code> folder.<br />
*When upgrading from a clean install of [[Windows XP build 2600.1106|Windows XP Service Pack 1]] and higher, the system will be upgraded to the Media Center SKU. However, most branding will not be updated, and will still say Professional.<br />
* It is not possible to upgrade from [[Windows 98]] or [[Windows Me]] due to the folders <code>win9xupg</code> and <code>win9xmig</code> being missing, however an upgrade can be performed by re-adding these folders to the install CD from a [[Windows XP]] CD with the missing folders.<br />
*On some machines, setup will crash the system on registering components. When the system reboots, setup will restart. However, it will fail to find several files (mainly during Installing Start Menu Items) despite the files being in the correct location.<br />
*Some drivers may cause a [[Blue screen of death|BSOD]] when booting to the desktop. This can be fixed by booting into [[safe mode]], uninstalling the malfunctioning driver and then reinstalling the driver.<br />
<br />
===Control Panel ===<br />
In Display Properties, the Luna theme is referred to as Plex.<br />
<br />
===Internet Explorer===<br />
Downloading a file will cause Internet Explorer to crash. Additionally, the download animation is broken. This does not affect downloads from a FTP site when the file is drag-and-dropped to the desktop.<br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
=== Setup ===<br />
<gallery><br />
3683 EULA.png|Text-mode setup<br />
3683 OOBE.png|[[Out-of-box experience]]<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Interface ===<br />
==== Sidebar ====<br />
<gallery><br />
Longhorn3683-Sidebar.png|Desktop with Sidebar enabled<br />
3683 SidebarAndTaskbar.png|Sidebar and taskbar combined<br />
3683LargerPictureSlideshowGadget.png|Larger Slideshow Gadget<br />
3683DesktopManagerGadget.png|Desktop and Sidebar without wallpaper<br />
3683DesktopWithSidebarMinimized.png|Desktop with Sidebar minimized<br />
3683-Peopletile.png|People Tile<br />
3683-digital-clock-tile.png|Sidebar with Digital Clock Tile<br />
3683 Balloon.png|Balloon bug<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===== Desktop Manager =====<br />
<gallery><br />
LH3683 DesktopManager Balloon Tip.png|Desktop Manager balloon tip<br />
LH3683 DesktopManager Prompt.png|Desktop Manager enable prompt<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-MultiDesktop.png|Virtual desktops<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Explorer]] ====<br />
<gallery><br />
3683 Explorer.png|Main window<br />
3683WindowsExplorerMediaPane.png|Ditto, with Media pane enabled<br />
3683-oldexplorer.png|Ditto, with older XP task pane design<br />
3683GDF.png|GDF file details<br />
3683GDFMenu.png|Game datafile (GDF) context menu<br />
3683GDFProperties.png|GDF properties<br />
3683TrustManager.png|Windows Trust Manager<br />
3683MyGamesNews.png|My Games News<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==== Miscellaneous ====<br />
<gallery><br />
WinLonghorn36834011Boot.png|Boot screen<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-WelcomeCtrlAltDel.png|{{key press|Ctrl|Alt|Del}} prompt<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-Login.png|Login screen<br />
LonghornWelcome.png|Welcome<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-DCE.png|[[Desktop Composition Engine]]<br />
3683-DCEDemo.PNG|[[Desktop Composition Engine]] with Sidebar<br />
3683CreatePhotoAlbumWizard.png|Create Photo Album Wizard<br />
CreatePlaylist3683.png|Create Playlist<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-InternetExplorer.png|[[Internet Explorer]]<br />
3683OutlookExpress.png|[[Outlook Express]]<br />
Longhorn3683TerminateCsrss.png|[[Task Manager]] with process termination warning<br />
3683StartupPrograms.png|StartUp Applications Monitor<br />
3683Startpage.png|Start page<br />
3683NewSaveDialog.png|New file save dialog<br />
3683NewFCConflictResolve.png|New file copy conflict resolve dialog<br />
3683BriefcaseIntro.png|Windows Briefcase Intro<br />
WinXPSafe.png|Safe to shutdown screen<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===== Display Properties =====<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-Avalon.png|Avalon display settings<br />
3683 Avalon.png|Desktop Background preferences where Avalon is throwing out errors<br />
3683ColorBlend.png|Color blend<br />
3683ScaleAndResolution.png|Scale and Resolution<br />
3683DesktopCollage1.png|Desktop Collage Preferences #1<br />
3683DesktopCollage2.png|Desktop Collage Preferences #2<br />
3683ChooseASolidColor.png|Choose a solid color<br />
3683ThisFunctionalityIsCurrentlyUnderConstruction.png|"This functionality is currently under construction" error in Avalon Display Properties<br />
3683DisplayConnectionProperties.png|Display Connection Properties<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===== Themes =====<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683m3-blstartmenu.png|Blue Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683m3-ogstartmenu.png|Olive Green Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683m3-slstartmenu.png|Silver Luna theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683m3-cwstartmenu.png|Windows Classic theme<br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683m3-pstartmenu.png|Plex theme<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===== Media Center Edition =====<br />
<gallery><br />
WindowsLonghorn-6.0.3683-Freestyle.png|Boot screen<br />
3683 Freestyle Desktop.png|Desktop<br />
3683 MCE winver.PNG|<code>winver</code><br />
3683 MCE OOBE1.png|Media Center OOBE<br />
3683 freestyle uninstallation error.PNG|Uninstallation error<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===xBetas.com images===<br />
<gallery><br />
LH05.jpg|Lock screen<br />
LH02.jpg|Desktop<br />
LH07_small.jpg|Desktop and <code>winver</code><br />
LH04.jpg|Avalon display settings<br />
LH06.jpg|My Hardware<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==External links ==<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20021116132801/http://www.winsupersite.com/reviews/longhorn_alpha.asp "Longhorn" Alpha Preview] - Build 3683 reviewed by Paul Thurrott<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Longhorn builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Microsoft_Windows&diff=293608Microsoft Windows2023-09-13T19:39:49Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox operating system<br />
|title = Microsoft Windows<br />
|logo = Windows logo and wordmark (2021).svg<br />
|logo size = 200px<br />
|screenshot = Windows11-10.0.22631.2338-Desktop.png<br />
|developer = Microsoft Corporation<br />
|source model = Closed source<br />
|initial release version = [[Windows 1.0]]<br />
|initial release date = 20 November 1985<br />
|latest release version = [[Windows 11 2022 Update]]<br />
|latest release date = 20 September 2022<br />
|latest preview version = [[Gallium|Windows 11 Canary]] ([[Windows 11 build 25951|build 25951]])<br />
|latest preview date = 13 September 2023<br />
|supported platforms = x86, AMD64, ARM32, ARM64; see [[#Supported platforms|§ Supported platforms]] for details<br />
|kernel type = Hybrid (NT)<br />
|user interface = Windows desktop<br />
|license = Proprietary<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Microsoft Windows''', commonly referred to as '''Windows''', is a family of proprietary graphical operating systems developed by [[w:Microsoft|Microsoft]], which includes various products for different markets and industries that use a similar user interface and feature set. The original version of Windows was a graphical environment running on top of [[MS-DOS]], although later versions increasingly took on the characteristics of a full operating system. Since [[Windows XP]], all desktop versions of Windows use the portable NT hybrid kernel that does not rely on MS-DOS.<br />
<br />
The Windows family currently encompasses the main consumer version named simply Windows, as well as [[Windows Server]] for the server market and [[Windows IoT]] for the embedded market, although they are all based on the common desktop Windows codebase. Internally, another variant called [[Windows Core OS]] is also currently in development, which is also based on the NT kernel, although it is not based on desktop Windows. In the past, the family also included Windows RT for ARM-based tablets, [[Windows Phone]] or Windows Mobile for smartphones, [[Windows Embedded Compact]], or the MS-DOS based line.<br />
<br />
Since [[Windows 95]], most Windows versions have used the same user interface that included the [[Start menu]], a [[taskbar]] on the edge of the screen and a desktop, as well as overlapping or full screen windows with controls in their top right.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
[[File:Win101.png|thumb|[[Windows 1.01]] was the first version of Windows released into retail.]]<br />
Microsoft Windows debuted to the world during the Fall COMDEX 1983 computer expo as a cooperative multitasking desktop environment with a tiling window manager. Contrary to popular belief, the tiling was not a design nor legal limitation, but rather a conscious choice for main application windows backed by research at [[w:PARC (company)|Xerox PARC]], where some members of the Windows team had previously worked at. Windows did indeed fully support overlapping windows, though in practice the ability was originally only used for popup windows and certain controls such as menus and dropdowns. Although Windows ended up supporting [[MS-DOS]] hosts only until the introduction of Windows NT, Microsoft also considered porting Windows to Xenix as well as the [[multitasking MS-DOS 4]]. However, ultimately neither port ended up materializing.<br />
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After multiple delays in its development, [[Windows 1.0]] finally hit the market on 20 November 1985 and achieved modest success, with over 500 thousand copies sold during its shelf life. Several minor updates were released in the following years, adding support for more hardware and languages. The first version used the [[MS-DOS Executive]], a simple file manager, as a shell, which is generally the first application ran on startup providing the user experience. Other applications in the package included [[Calculator]], [[Cardfile]], [[Clipboard Viewer]], [[Clock]], [[Control Panel]], [[Notepad]], [[Paint]], [[Reversi]], [[Spooler]], [[Terminal]], and [[Write]].<br />
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A major update called [[Windows 2.x|Windows 2.0]] was released in 1987 adding features such as universally overlapping windows, which later lead to Apple filing a [[w:Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp.|lawsuit]] for copyright infringement. This version also introduced general support for VGA and PS/2 mouse. A separate edition called Windows/386 was also introduced that took advantage of the virtual 8086 mode of the [[w:i386|i386]] processor to preemptively multitask MS-DOS applications under Windows; this would be later known as the 386 Enhanced Mode and become the cornerstone of Windows 9x. In later revisions of the Windows 2.0 series, the original edition was renamed Windows/286.<br />
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The Windows project was sidetracked for a while after the release of Windows 2.0, as Microsoft moved its focus onto [[OS/2]], the operating system developed jointly with [[w:IBM|IBM]]. The first version, [[OS/2 1.0]], was released in 1987 but didn't include any graphical user interface and could only run text mode applications. The following version, [[OS/2 1.1]] from 1988, introduced a native GUI layer called the Presentation Manager, the design of which was largely influenced by Windows, although there were key differences that made it practically impossible to write a program for one environment and then recompile it for the other without large changes. Notably, the Graphics Device Interface (GDI) component of Windows was replaced by a new graphics engine. As Windows compatibility was not a concern, Microsoft also took the opportunity to clean up some of its design mistakes.<br />
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With the release of OS/2 with the Presentation Manager, Microsoft originally expected that most users and developers would eventually migrate to the new operating system. However, as the company grew increasingly dissatisfied with many of IBM's corporate policies and the adoption of Windows slowly gained traction, Microsoft started to reevaluate its operating system strategy. When David Weise, a Windows developer, demonstrated his skunkworks port of Windows to the [[w:Intel 80286|Intel 80286]] processor's [[w:protected mode|protected mode]] to Steve Ballmer and Bill Gates, the decision to produce a new major version of Windows was finally greenlighted.<br />
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[[File:Windows30-RTM-Desktop.png|thumb|[[Windows 3.0]] with its revamped user experience became the first widely adopted version of Windows.]]<br />
[[Windows 3.0]] was released in 1990 and became the first widely successful version of Windows. The new features included a revamped user experience consisting of the [[Program Manager]], which allowed easy management of installed applications. A new [[File Manager]] was also included to replace the former shell, which was now deprecated. The previously separate 286 and 386 editions of Windows were unified into one version with the ability to operate in three different modes according to the hardware configuration: <br />
* '''Real mode''', which was intended for computers with the original 8088/8086 processor. This was also the only mode which fully supported applications written for earlier versions of Windows.<br />
* '''Standard mode''', which used the protected mode of the 286 and 386 processors in order to gain access to memory beyond the first 640K, although it still switched to real mode to run MS-DOS applications.<br />
* '''386 Enhanced mode''', which in addition to the protected mode also used the 386 processor's ability to create and manage virtual machines for real mode MS-DOS applications.<br />
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A major update dubbed [[Windows 3.1]] followed in 1992, introducing the new flag logo with colored panes. The user interface was refreshed in this release, including new, more vivid icons. This version of Windows removed support for real mode and the MS-DOS Executive application. It was accompanied by [[Windows for Workgroups 3.1]] with integrated networking support. An add-on pack named [[Win32s]] was also introduced in 1992, which allowed Windows 3.1 users to run simpler 32-bit Windows applications in the otherwise 16-bit environment and provided early testing for a more complete Win32 implementation in the next major version of DOS-based Windows.<br />
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The last minor update to the series, [[Windows for Workgroups 3.11]] was released in 1993 and introduced 32-bit disk access as well as removed the Standard mode, raising the minimum required CPU to a 386. A 32-bit TCP/IP stack was ported from an early version of [[Windows 95]] and released in 1994 as a downloadable plugin for Windows for Workgroups 3.11.<br />
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===Windows NT===<br />
In 1988, Microsoft hired Dave Cutler, a former DEC engineer, to create a portable 32-bit version of [[OS/2]], the operating system that the company worked on in collaboration with IBM. At the time, OS/2 was a 16-bit operating system very much tied to the x86 platform with considerable DOS heritage. The new operating system intended to be a preemptive multitasking system with multiprocessing support. The design included a portable kernel with executive services layered on top of a hardware abstraction layer, and multiple environmental subsystems running in user mode offering support for multiple APIs. Portable OS/2, or NT OS/2, would have included support for both 16-bit and extended 32-bit variant of the OS/2 API, as well as virtual DOS machines and an implementation of the POSIX standard, which would allow Microsoft to run for US government contracts. Commercial release was planned for the early 1990s with NT shipping as OS/2 3.0, while IBM was adding 32-bit support to the original OS/2 codebase to create [[OS/2 2.0]].<ref name="PX00194">http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/0000/PX00194.pdf</ref><br />
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Initially, NT was developed for the [[w:Intel i860|Intel i860]] processor, partially to ensure portability by preventing programmers from introducing x86-specific paradigms into code. When the team learned about the disappointing performance of the i860, the operating system was ported to the i386 and MIPS architectures.<br />
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Following the success of Windows 3.0 in 1990, Microsoft revised its OS/2 plans as a part of its new "Windows Everywhere" strategy, which tried to position Windows as a common environment that could run the same apps on DOS and OS/2 as well as on the new NT platform. This included the addition of a Windows subsystem to OS/2 3.0 as a peer to the existing OS/2 environment.<ref name="PX07538">http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/7000/PX07538.pdf</ref><ref name="PX05171">http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/5000/PX05171.pdf</ref> However, this didn't improve the already deteriorating Microsoft-IBM relationship and eventually led to its collapse. The design of NT was then further changed and Windows became the main environment providing the system's user interface, while OS/2 support was reduced to character mode OS/2 1.x applications. The change was first announced in January 1991 with the new operating system initially being called Advanced Windows.<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=XVAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT4</ref><ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=iVAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA103</ref><br />
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A user interface was added to Windows NT in the first half of 1991, with network support following during summer. The first [[Windows NT 3.1 build 196|prototype version]] was shipped to selected partners in September and the new operating system was publicly demonstrated for the first time at Fall COMDEX 1991 in October. A MIPS build first shipped in a [[Windows NT 3.1 build 239|December release]]. Later builds added crucial components such as the registry, NTFS and the ability to run 16-bit MS-DOS and Windows applications. [[Windows NT 3.1]] was finally released on 27 October 1993 in workstation and server flavors.<br />
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The next minor version, [[Windows NT 3.5]] was released in 1994 and included performance improvement as well as a new full TCP/IP stack, long filename (LFN) support on the FAT file system and other refinements. [[Windows NT 3.51]] was released in 1995, which ensured compatibility with the upcoming Windows 95 and added support for the [[w:PowerPC|PowerPC]] architecture, the PCMCIA interface, as well as file compression, or replaceable GINA.<br />
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===Windows 9x===<br />
[[File:Windows95-RTM-Desktop.png|thumb|[[Windows 95]] introduced the modern Windows user interface with the desktop, Start menu, and taskbar]]<br />
Microsoft first announced a 32-bit version of Windows that would run on top of MS-DOS in 1991. Several plans for a low-end Win32 environment were considered, including a variant of the NT kernel cut down in order to run on an average Windows 3.1 computer. In the end, Microsoft decided to build the new version on top of MS-DOS and Windows in 386 Enhanced mode.<br />
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On 24 August 1995, Microsoft released [[Windows 95]], previously known under its codename "Chicago", with a brand-new user interface with a [[Start menu]], [[taskbar]], and the desktop, as provided by the new [[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]]. Although previous versions already included certain 32-bit components, it was the first version to be able to run most 32-bit user applications, while it kept a great degree of compatibility with already existing 16-bit ones. Among other improvements in this version was the support for long filenames through an extension to the FAT16 file system.<br />
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Windows 95 was the first widespread release of Windows to be integrated with a specific MS-DOS version, although Windows 3.1 was also available before in combined packages with MS-DOS 5 and later MS-DOS 6 (as the results of the Janus project). However, MS-DOS 7 in Windows 95 was used only as a bootloader and a compatibility layer for older device drivers. Most MS-DOS user applications were either extended with Windows code or entirely replaced with a Windows version, keeping only the ones that were required to run without Windows, e.g. during the OS installation, such as <code>FDISK</code> and <code>FORMAT</code>.<br />
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The new user interface was also ported to the Windows NT line, with several [[Shell Technology Preview]]s being released for Windows NT 3.51 during the development of Chicago and the Shell Update Release shipping in 1996 as [[Windows NT 4.0]]. Alongside the new shell, Windows NT 4.0 also notably moved a part of the GUI stack into kernel mode, which greatly improved performance.<br />
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During its lifetime Windows 95 saw several larger updates dubbed the OEM Service Releases (OSR) that were released only to computer manufacturers, specifically OSR 1.0, OSR 2.0, OSR 2.1, and OSR 2.5. A Service Pack was also released that updated an RTM copy of Windows 95 to the OSR 1.0 level. In 1997 a USB Supplement was released for OSR 2.x that added support for the then-new Universal Serial Bus interface.<br />
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The classic Windows line received a major update on 25 June 1998 with the release of [[Windows 98]], codenamed "Memphis". It was the first version to integrate [[Internet Explorer]] deeply into the operating system's user interface as a part of the [[Windows Desktop Update]]. Many parts of the UI started using HTML and Internet Explorer's rendering engine to present a web-like user interface. A feature called Active Desktop made it even possible to set a webpage as the desktop background. Under the hood Windows 98 introduced the new Windows Driver Model, which enabled the use of the same drivers on Windows 9x as well as on the radically different Windows NT based operating systems.<br />
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A year later, Windows 98 received an update which was called the Second Edition, which included a [[Internet Explorer 5|new version]] of Internet Explorer, added Internet Connection Sharing and improved USB support.<br />
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In 2000, [[Windows Me]] (Millennium Edition), the last release of the classic Windows line was released. It carried over the improvements made to the user interface in its NT-based counterpart, [[Windows 2000]]. Windows Me is based on Windows 98, however, access to the real mode MS-DOS was restricted in order to decrease boot time among other changes to the kernel. It was infamously known for its stability problems partially caused by the rushing of its release following the cancelation of the [[Windows Neptune|Neptune]] project. It was replaced by [[Windows XP]] in 2001, ending the era of classic Windows.<br />
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===Windows 2000 and Windows XP===<br />
[[File:WindowsXP-RTM-Desktop.png|thumb|[[Windows XP]] was the first consumer version of Windows based on the newer NT codebase.]]<br />
In the late 1990s it became more feasible to discontinue the aging Windows 9x line and release a consumer version based on Windows NT. Microsoft started work on the the next version of Windows NT immediately after the release of Windows NT 4.0, which would improve the user experience of the high-end operating system. Similar to Memphis, the user interface of Windows NT 5.0 initially used Internet Explorer 4.0 with the Windows Desktop Update, being later updated to 5.0 and then 5.5 during development. Management tools, most of which were left unchanged since the first NT release, were rewritten using the new [[w:Microsoft Management Console|Microsoft Management Console]]. On servers, the new version brought improvements from the canceled Cairo project, such as Active Directory.<br />
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Beside working on the successor of Windows NT 4.0, Microsoft also released several new editions based on the NT 4.0 codebase. An Enterprise edition of Windows NT 4.0 Server was released in 1997, which was the predecessor of the Advanced Server SKU of later versions and was intended for high traffic and high demand workloads. Terminal Server Edition followed in 1998, which introduced the Terminal Services feature, allowing remote access to Windows computers. [[Windows NT Embedded 4.0]] was introduced in 1999, a specialized version of the Workstation edition that allowed embedded vendors to pick only the required OS components for the intended workloads.<br />
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As Windows NT 5.0 got further delayed, the consumer NT aspect was moved into a following release codenamed [[Windows Neptune|Neptune]], which would succeed Windows 98 and later Windows Me. In 1998, Microsoft announced that Windows NT 5.0 would be called [[Windows 2000]], dropping the NT moniker to mark the NT technology becoming mainstream. In the end, it was released on 17 February 2000 with Internet Explorer 5.5 and earned the reputation as one of the most stable versions of Windows.<br />
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Work on Neptune began several months before Windows 2000 was completed. The Neptune team heavily cooperated with the team working on Millennium, with the two projects sharing certain components. Development concentrated on a new task-oriented user interface called [[Activity Centers]], which was also included in contemporary Millennium builds. The project also toyed around with the idea of hybrid startup, later implemented in [[Windows 8]]. Neptune was canceled in early 2000 together with its business counterpart codenamed Odyssey and replaced with a new, more conservative project codenamed Whistler that would eventually become [[Windows XP]].<br />
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Windows XP was released on 25 October 2001 and was a relatively minor update to Windows 2000, mostly focusing on user experience and better compatibility with Windows 9x. A new theme called [[Luna]] was introduced, replacing the [[Windows Classic|classic theme]] used in previous versions. A new login screen and fast user switching was also added, as well as better support for digital cameras, MS-DOS emulation and wireless networking. Windows XP was originally released in Home Edition and Professional variants, with an embedded version following a few months after. The [[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition|64-Bit Edition]] was also originally launched for the [[w:Itanium|Itanium]] (IA-64) architecture.<br />
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Two additional editions for consumer use were introduced in 2002, both based on the original Professional edition. [[Windows XP Media Center Edition]] added the [[Windows Media Center]] (and later the [[Royale]] theme), while [[Windows XP Tablet PC Edition]] added tools and games for use on a [[w:Microsoft Tablet PC|Microsoft Tablet PC]].<br />
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Development of the server counterpart continued after the release of the client version, resulting in [[Windows Server 2003]], which was released in spring 2003 and used a newer kernel. It was also the base for an updated version of the Windows XP 64-Bit Edition. Work on an AMD64 version started late in the development process and finished in 2005 with the release of x64 editions of both Windows Server 2003 and [[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition|Windows XP Professional]] (also based on 2003 codebase).<br />
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The [[Windows XP Starter Edition]] was introduced in 2004 for developing markets, including various Asian and South American countries and Russia. It is based on the original Home Edition but is noticeably more limited with some features removed and only 3 programs being allowed to run at a time.<br />
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In 2005, Microsoft was forced to introduce a version of Windows XP without the [[Windows Media Player]] to the European market after the European Commission ruled that the company had been breaking its near monopoly in the operating systems market by including the player. The company therefore came up with a new edition originally called Windows XP Reduced Media Edition that included neither Windows Media Player nor [[Windows Movie Maker]], although the user could download them for free from Microsoft's website. However, the European authorities objected to the name and instead suggested the N suffix for both Home Edition and Professional, standing for "not with Media Player". The N editions were available for the same price as the regular variants, which lead to low consumer demand and some OEMs not offering it at all. The K and KN editions have been introduced in 2006 after a similar ruling by South Korean authorities, with the K edition adding links to third party media player and instant messaging software, and the KN edition in addition removing the Windows Media Player and Windows Messenger.<br />
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===Windows Vista and Windows 7===<br />
[[File:Windows7-RTM-DesktopAero.png|thumb|[[Windows 7]] was a minor update over [[Windows Vista]] that aimed to remedy some of the common issues that contributed to its predecessor's bad reputation.]]<br />
Work on a new, major release of Windows started already before Whistler concluded development. The project, codenamed [[Windows Blackcomb|Blackcomb]] as a reference to the Whistler Blackcomb ski resort in British Columbia, was originally announced as the successor of Windows XP with new features such as a .NET user interface, integration with web services, or an advanced storage subsystem. However, the company realized that it wouldn't be able to hit the expected release date of late 2002 with the planned feature set and decided to first ship a bridge-gap release known as [[Windows Longhorn|Longhorn]], named after a bar between the two mountains, followed by Blackcomb itself in 2003 or 2004.<br />
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Development of Longhorn started in 2002, initially as a spinoff of the still-ongoing server version of Windows XP. At the time, Longhorn work was mostly confined to <code>Lab06</code>, the lab that worked on the Windows shell and user experience. As Windows Server 2003 finished development, Longhorn development fully took off as new features such as [[Windows Presentation Foundation|Avalon]] or [[WinFS]] were added. With the cancellation of Longhorn Server in late 2002, most user experience features were moved to Longhorn while server-oriented improvements were slated for Blackcomb.<br />
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As development progressed, many features originally planned for Blackcomb became part of Longhorn, causing both projects to be postponed even further. The project was subject to severe feature creep, as well as organizational issues. Many components were extended using the [[w:.NET Framework|.NET Framework]] and [[w:Managed Extensions for C++|Managed Extensions for C++]], both still relatively new technologies at the time, which lead to increasing stability issues. Most builds were plagued with memory leaks, resulting in only two semi-public releases during this period. Managed Extensions for C++ were later deprecated and replaced with [[w:C++/CLI|C++/CLI]] as a direct result of the negative experience from its usage in Longhorn.<br />
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In the end, the Longhorn project was reset in the middle of 2004. The feature set was reviewed and many features such as WinFS or Castles were postponed or canceled in order to create a more realistic set of goals for the new major version. The remaining features were reimplemented in C/C++ as a ban on .NET code was introduced, with the exception of Windows Media Center. The [[Windows Vista build 5048|first public build]] of Longhorn after the reset was released to WinHEC 2005 attendees in the spring of 2005, followed by the [[Windows Vista build 5112|first beta release]] three months later, which introduced the [[Windows Vista]] name.<br />
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The development continued at a steady pace, with [[Windows Vista build 5384.4|Beta 2]] shipping in May 2006 and two release candidates following in the months after. Windows Vista was finally released on 30 January 2007 in considerably more editions than its predecessor, which included Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Business, Ultimate and Enterprise. The new version included a new overhauled user interface called [[Windows Aero]], as well as new security features such as [[User Account Control]]. It grew on to become one of the most disliked releases of Windows due to its immense lack of stability of the original release, although later updates greatly improved the situation. The large jump in system requirements caused by the long gap since the last Windows release and computer manufacturers marking underperforming systems as Vista Capable also contributed to its bad reputation. The server counterpart, [[Windows Server 2008]] was released a year later on 27 February 2008 and is based on Windows Vista Service Pack 1.<br />
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As Windows Vista was nearing completion in early 2006, the Blackcomb project was renamed to Vienna. However, so many features have been postponed into it after the development reset in 2004 that its objectives became very unrealistic, which lead to its eventual cancelation. A new project codenamed [[Windows 7]] was set up in its place, which aimed to make minor improvements to the core Windows Vista experience such as introducing the [[Taskbar#Superbar|Superbar]], Libraries and Homegroups and addressing the negative feedback its predecessor faced. It was released on 22 October 2009 together with [[Windows Server 2008 R2]] and became one of the most popular versions, with as much as 20% of all Windows users still using it as of 2021.<br />
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===Windows 8===<br />
[[File:Windows 8 Start Screen.png|thumb|[[Windows 8]] introduced a new user interface primarily designed for touch input.]]<br />
The popularity of devices utilizing touch input grew significantly during the late 2000s, and while Windows tried to cater to these audiences with the introduction of the Windows XP Tablet PC Edition and later the integration of its features into regular editions of following Windows versions, the Microsoft Tablet PC concept was ultimately rendered obsolete with the introduction of the original [[w:iPad|iPad]] in 2010. Unlike the Tablet PC, which usually was an x86-based laptop with a touch screen controlled by a stylus, the iPad was ARM-based, didn't include a hardware keyboard and was optimized for finger touch. This led Microsoft to work on a new version of Windows that would be better suited for such devices.<br />
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Work on an ARM port of Windows, internally called Windows on ARM or WOA, also started soon after Windows 7 was finished. The core system together with simple apps were able to run on an Asus P835 smartphone as soon as January 2010. The new port was announced at the 2011 Consumer Electronics Show in January 2011, with the full Windows desktop shown running on boards using nVidia and Texas Instruments system-on-chip circuits.<br />
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A new user interface based on the [[w:Metro_(design_language)|Metro]] design language was also introduced alongside the Windows Runtime, an application platform used for new, Modern apps designed for it. The new interface, also commonly called Metro, was designed from the ground up with touch input in mind—the new Modern apps ran in full screen and a second app could be snapped to a side with a large enough screen, allowing for up to two apps to be visible at any time. The Start menu was redesigned as a full screen interface with differently sized tiles, some of which could also display certain information using a feature known as Live Tiles. It also made great use of touch and mouse gestures, to the point that the Start button was replaced by such a gesture. An almost finished version of Metro was first demonstrated in June 2011 at the D9 All Things Digital conference.<br />
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Prior to the official announcement of [[Windows 8]], the new features in its pre-release builds were infamously locked down using [[Redpill]], which made it notoriously difficult to research these features even after release. The [[Windows 8 build 8102|Developer Preview]] released during the Microsoft Build 2011 conference in September 2011 is one of the last known builds that still contain the mechanism, although it was already unlocked prior to its distribution. Two more public previews as well as multiple private previews followed in the upcoming months. Windows 8 was finally released on 26 October 2012 alongside [[Windows Server 2012]], and aside from the new Metro interface and ARM port (released as Windows RT), it also included a redesigned [[File Explorer]] and Windows To Go, as well as general performance improvements.<br />
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Although Metro was generally well received as a tablet user experience, Windows 8 overall was criticized as being way too optimized for touch input to the point of considerably worsening the experience for the majority of Windows users who use a mouse and a keyboard. A large sore point of Windows 8 was the integration of Metro with the traditional desktop—or the lack thereof, as Metro did not attempt at all to integrate with the traditional desktop, which was instead treated as yet another app. Overall, the desktop was considered an obsolete platform by Microsoft, as barely any new desktop APIs have been introduced. This went as far as artificially limiting Windows RT to only run Modern applications and whitelisted desktop applications, which ultimately contributed to its market failure.<br />
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A minor update, [[Windows 8.1]] was released on 17 October 2013 as a free upgrade for Windows 8 users and addressed some of the general nuisances by restoring the Start button on the taskbar, or adding the ability to boot to the desktop upon logging in. The Metro interface was also improved with updates to the Start screen, which now supported more tile sizes and was more customizable, improved snap view functionality which now allowed more than two apps to be snapped together and a new unified Search experience based on Bing. Later updates continued the trend of improving usability with the mouse by showing Modern apps in the taskbar, as well as introducing a more traditional title bar for Modern apps with a Close and Minimize button. The server counterpart, [[Windows Server 2012 R2]] was released a day later on 18 October 2013.<br />
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=== Windows 10 and Windows 11 ===<br />
[[File:Windows11-10.0.22610.1-Desktop.png|thumb|306x306px|[[Windows 11]] introduced an overhauled user interface based on the Fluent Design System which focuses on ease of use and flexibility.]]<br />
Development of [[Windows 10]] started after the release of Windows 8.1 in late 2013. The goal was to create a single unified platform that would run on desktop and laptop computers, tablets, smartphones, all-in-one devices and the Xbox and to create a unified application development platform that would also allow apps to run on all Windows 10 based devices. It also aimed to make major improvements to various aspects of the user interface of the operating system that were criticized in Windows 8.x like bringing back the Start menu, putting the desktop back at center focus and more.<br />
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Microsoft also made major changes to how Windows was built and tested by introducing the [[Windows Insider Program]] which boosted the company's engagement with beta testers as well as distributing new pre-release builds more frequently than the prior beta testing initiatives. This also greatly cut down the number of leaks from within the company, which in the past bothered the company due to legal complications of licensed features becoming available earlier than expected.<br />
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Windows 10 also introduced a new release model called [[Windows as a service]]. This allowed new features and improvements to be added more frequently to the OS without the need to release a whole new version of Windows every few years.<br />
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Windows 10 was released on 29 July 2015 as a free upgrade for Windows 7 and Windows 8.1 users and received much more positive reception than Windows 8 and praised the much more familiar user interface, improvements to bundled apps, a "rock solid" search system and more. However, it was criticized for its changes to critical OS behaviors like mandatory update installation, privacy concerns over data collection performed by the OS for Microsoft and its partners, and marketing tactics that Microsoft used to promote the free upgrade campaign for the OS which included adware-like behaviors. It was also criticized for its excessive amounts of advertising across the entire OS. <br />
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[[Windows Server 2016]] was released on 12 October 2016 as the server counterpart of [[Windows 10 Anniversary Update]] and was later suceeded by [[Windows Server 2019]] on 2 October 2018 and [[Windows Server 2022]] on 18 August 2021. <br />
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Development of [[Windows 11]] started in late 2020 during the [[Cobalt]] semester and unlike previous versions of Windows, a lot of the development work on Windows 11 was isolated in separate development branches and it introduced major overhauls to the user interface to make the operating system easier to use. With Windows 11, Microsoft shifted the operating system to an annual release schedule as opposed to releasing feature updates twice in a year.<br />
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Before its release, Windows 11 was criticized for its much stricter system requirements which were called out as being artificial as they excluded many older systems from the free upgrade even though they would likely run Windows 11 with little to no performance problems and was also called out as a possible deliberate decision by Microsoft to upsell users on new devices.<br />
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Windows 11 was released on 5 October 2021 as a free upgrade to compatible Windows 10 systems and received mixed to positive reviews from users with praise for its improved visual design, updates to bundled apps, improved window management and its stronger focus on security with criticism centering on its various modifications to aspects of the user interface that included regressions and it was also criticized for various changes such as mandatory requirements to setup Windows 11 with a Microsoft account, lack of promised features at launch, being less responsive than Windows 10, lack of third-party support for Widgets, and making it hard for users to easily set default apps for common tasks like web browsing.<br />
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==Logo==<br />
The first graphic logo used by Windows was a stylization of a window that was inspired by the tiling window management of [[Windows 1.0]]. However, neither the logo nor the corresponding wordmark was used on packaging or within the software itself. The logo was changed in time for [[Windows 3.0]] for a different stylization of a window with black and white gradients used for the window frame and panes, although it was not featured in the product itself either. The only Windows media known to contain both logos as well as a preliminary version of the 1992 logo is the [[Windows NT 3.1 build 196]] installation disc.<br />
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[[File:Microsoft Windows 3.1 Jpn box.jpg|thumb|[[Windows 3.1]] was the first version of Microsoft Windows to use a logo on product packaging as well as in the user interface itself.]]<br />
After the success of Windows 3.0, the company sought to create a definite branding for the environment. Preliminary drafts of the new logo featured in some beta builds of [[Windows 3.1]] already featured the same flag shape as the final version, although the panes were blank, the separators between the panes were thicker and the trail used several shades of blue, cyan, magenta and gray. The final logo used by Windows 3.1 and later uses red, green, blue and yellow for the window pane, with the flag's trail continuing the colors of the left-hand side of the window. It is the first one to be used extensively on packaging and within the operating system itself.<br />
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[[Windows XP]] introduced a new plastic logo, which retains the four colored flag theme, although it removes the window pane and the trail on the left side. The original version, used primarily by Windows XP and [[Windows Server 2003]], is lighted from the left-hand side to give the impression that the logo is indeed waving like a flag. A slightly modified variant was used in early Longhorn builds, where the flag was white rather than four-colored, although later builds reverted to the original coloring.<br />
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A newer render was introduced by [[Windows Vista]], which retains the same shape but is lighted from above, making the logo appear flatter than before. This variant often appeared in an blue orb in Windows Vista branding materials such as packaging art and also appeared in a white orb that was formally used as the logo for Windows Live from 2006 to 2009, although this was mostly discontinued with [[Windows 7]]. One of the last public appearances of this logo is in the [[Windows 8]] [[Windows 8 build 8102|Developer Preview]], whose Start button features a flat variation of it using solid colors.<br />
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Windows 8 eventually introduced a redesigned logo that reflects the Metro design language, which was designed by [[w:Pentagram_(design_firm)|Pentagram's]] Paula Scher.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20120304020844/http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/bloggingwindows/archive/2012/02/17/redesigning-the-windows-logo.aspx</ref><ref>https://www.pentagram.com/work/windows/story</ref> The new logo breaks away with the previous brand identity, showing a symbolized blue window at an angle rather than a multi-colored flag. Originally, the logo was cyan, but was later updated to a darker shade of blue with [[Windows 10]]. The logo shape was changed in 2021 with [[Windows 11]], which removed the perspective, turning it into four squares similar to the 2012 Microsoft logo.<br />
<br />
Neumorphic stylizations of the Windows logo, both the 2012 and 2021 versions, have also appeared since the introduction of [[w:Fluent Design System|Fluent Design System]], notably as the Start button icon in [[Windows 10X]] and Windows 11. However, the official logo itself still remains flat.<br />
<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows logo (1985).svg|1985-1990<br />
Windows logo (1990).svg|1990-1992<br />
Windows logo (1992).svg|1992-2001<br />
Windows logo (2001).svg|2001-2005<br />
Windows logo (2006).svg|2005-2012<br />
Windows logo (2012).svg|2012-2021<br />
Windows logo (2021).svg|2021-present<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==Look and feel==<br />
[[File:WfW3.11-HotDogStand.png|thumb||Color applet in [[Windows for Workgroups 3.11]], previewing the infamous ''Hotdog Stand'' color scheme.]]<br />
Windows allowed customization of its user interface since its first versions. [[Windows 1.0]] and [[Windows 2.x]] allowed the user to change the color scheme in their [[Control Panel]], however, there was no selection of pre-made color schemes and the user could only reset to the default scheme by manually editing <code>WIN.INI</code>. This was improved with [[Windows 3.0]] and its new Colors control panel, which added several color schemes for the user to choose from. [[Windows NT 3.1]] and [[Windows NT 3.5x]] also featured the same customization options, although compared to 16-bit Windows where the default preset was provided by the video driver, the defaults were device independent on the new operating system.<br />
<br />
[[Windows 95]] introduced a new 3D look, partially inspired by [[NeXTSTEP]], which also continued to support color schemes from earlier versions. Initially, it only made use of solid colors, though this was subsequently refined in [[Windows 98]], which added the ability to use a 2-color gradient for the titlebar. This look and feel was later retroactively renamed to [[Windows Classic]] with the introduction of more advanced skinning functionality in later versions.<br />
<br />
[[Visual style|Visual styles]], which support deeper customization of user interface elements, were introduced with [[Windows XP]]. The original release shipped with [[Luna]], while later releases also included [[Royale]]. However, users could still switch to the Classic theme if they so choose, which was necessary for accessibility functions such as the High Contrast themes that relied on the classic theme's ability to set individual colors. This was further improved with the addition of the [[Desktop Window Manager]] in [[Windows Vista]], which allows desktop rendering to make use of hardware acceleration using DirectX and is used for advanced effects such as translucent title bars used by the new [[Windows Aero]] theme. For users whose systems did not support the Desktop Window Manager, the operating system also included the software-rendered [[Windows Basic]] theme.<br />
<br />
The option to disable the DWM was removed in [[Windows 8]], together with the ability to switch to the Classic theme. The [[Aero Lite]] theme was introduced in [[Windows 8]] to replace the classic theme, allowing the user to customize its colors to a greater extent than regular visual styles and providing interoperability with the High Contrast accessibility feature. However, the classic theme implementation as well as support for disabled DWM still remains included with Windows for compatibility purposes.<br />
<br />
Similarly to other contemporary operating systems, a toggle to switch between light and dark mode was introduced with [[Windows 10]]. Originally, this only applied to UWP applications, although it later expanded to also apply to the [[File Explorer]] as well as the [[taskbar]]. However, the feature mostly avoids the existing visual styles infrastructure and therefore most legacy desktop applications will not use dark mode unless the application manually implements it. Work on a system-wide dark mode was undergoing as late as 2021, but was halted for unknown reasons.<ref>https://www.windowscentral.com/software-apps/windows-11/its-2022-and-windows-11s-dark-mode-is-still-frustratingly-incomplete</ref><br />
<br />
==Supported platforms==<br />
[[File:NT4disc.jpg|thumb|Installation disc for [[Windows NT 4.0|Windows NT Workstation 4.0]], declaring support for "Windows NT–compatible [[w:i486|486]], [[w:Pentium (original)|Pentium]], [[w:R4000|MIPS R4x00]], [[w:DEC Alpha|Alpha]], [[w:PowerPC|PowerPC]], and [[w:Pentium Pro|Pentium PRO]] systems."]]<br />
Since its initial release, Windows has supported numerous platforms and systems. The original DOS-based line was constrained to systems based on the 8086 processor and later its successors, most important of which was the IBM PC and its successors, including their clones. However, several IBM-incompatible platforms were also supported, notably the Japanese NEC PC-98 architecture.<br />
<br />
The introduction of the portable Windows NT line allowed Microsoft to easily support other processor designs. Originally, NT was designed for the [[w:Intel i860|Intel i860]], however, this port was soon abandoned due to dissatisfaction with the performance of the processor. The new operating system was then ported to the [[w:i386|i386]] and the [[w:MIPS architecture|MIPS]] [[w:R3000|R4000]] processors. Although the latter platform also happens to include a 64-bit mode, NT operates it in a 32-bit mode. To aid with the MIPS port, Microsoft also designed the [[w:Jazz (computer)|Jazz]] platform, which bridges the difference between MIPS and Intel systems by using many standard components from the latter. Not all MIPS systems that support Windows NT are necessarily based on Jazz, though. Both x86 and MIPS, as well as future ports, use an [[w:ARC (specification)|ARC]]-compliant boot loader. On x86, which does not use the ARC firmware, the boot loader is bootstrapped by an ARC emulator which also implements a multi-boot selection menu.<br />
<br />
Another port was released in an updated release of [[Windows NT 3.1]], which targets the [[w:DEC Alpha|DEC Alpha]] architecture. Similarly to the MIPS R4000, the DEC Alpha is also a 64-bit processor, however, it does not support a 32-bit mode. Nevertheless, Windows NT still uses a 32-bit [[w:application binary interface|application binary interface]] on the platform, relying on [[w:sign extension|sign extension]] semantics when working with 32-bit values in the 64-bit registers. A [[w:PowerPC|PowerPC]] port, which targets [[w:PowerPC Reference Platform|PReP]]-compliant systems, was introduced with [[Windows NT 3.5]]. [[w:Intergraph|Intergraph Corporation]] ported Windows NT to the [[w:Clipper architecture|Clipper architecture]] and also announced a port to the [[w:SPARC|SPARC]] architecture, although neither port ultimately materialized and the company instead ended up marketing x86-based systems running Windows NT.<br />
<br />
All the alternative platforms supported by Windows NT suffered from poor hardware support as well as lack of available software. Aside from native applications for each architecture, the operating system supported only 16-bit x86 applications while the demand for 32-bit x86 applications increasingly grew. Microsoft initially tried to tackle this problem via a new subsystem called Wx86 that would support these applications on the alternative platforms, however, support for PowerPC and MIPS was still ultimately discontinued soon after the release of [[Windows NT 4.0]].<br />
<br />
The Alpha port continued to be maintained for several years after the demise of the other ports. In 1996, Digital shipped their [[w:FX!32|FX!32]] emulator that also allows 32-bit x86 applications to run on the platform, originally as a separate download for Windows NT 4.0. The emulator was later merged with Wx86 and included with pre-release builds of [[Windows 2000]]. However, as Compaq acquired DEC in 1998 and announced that they would be discontinuing Alpha in favor of the upcoming Itanium architecture, the Alpha port of Windows 2000 was canceled as well, despite the fact that Windows 2000 development already reached Release Candidate stage at that point. Alpha builds continued to be built internally by Microsoft even during the development of [[Windows XP]] though, as the 64-bit platform proved valuable during the development of 64-bit Windows before Itanium hardware was readily available.<br />
<br />
The number of supported processor architectures grew again with the release of Windows XP, which adds support for the original Itanium (codenamed Merced). An updated version of the port, which supports the Itanium 2, was released in 2003 alongside [[Windows Server 2003]]. The performance of the architecture proved to be underwhelming, and support for [[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition]] was dropped already in 2005 as Itanium workstations were discontinued while Windows Server continued to support IA-64 until [[Windows Server 2008 R2]]. Support for AMD64, a 64-bit extension of the x86 architecture, was introduced with Windows Server 2003 Service Pack 1 and [[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition]].<br />
<br />
The dependency on ARC-compliant firmware (or the emulation of such) was dropped as a part of a major boot loader rewrite in [[Windows Vista]]. This also allowed native support for UEFI firmware on 64-bit x86 platforms to be introduced in Windows Vista Service Pack 1. Support for UEFI on 32-bit x86 was also briefly tested during the development of Vista, but was later dropped. It was later reintroduced with [[Windows 8]], which also removed the last bits depending on BIOS on x86 platforms, finally making Windows UEFI Class-3 compliant.<br />
<br />
During the development of Longhorn, Microsoft was experimenting with an ARM port, although it was later scrapped. The idea was later revived for Windows 8 in order to target cheap, low power devices. The version of Windows 8 for ARM devices was called Windows RT, and while it was a full Windows environment, it was artificially limited to only run Windows Store applications and Microsoft-signed desktop applications. This largely contributed to its market failure, and it was discontinued after [[Windows 8.1]]. The last major update for Windows RT coincided with the release of [[Windows 10]], with Microsoft backporting an early version of the new [[Start menu]] to the Windows 8.1 codebase. The ARM port continued to be maintained in the following years, as shown by [[Windows 10 build 15035]].<br />
<br />
Support for ARM64 was later introduced with the [[Windows 10 Fall Creators Update]], which does not suffer from similar limitations as Windows RT. This version has only been made available on devices with Qualcomm chipsets because of an exclusivity deal with Qualcomm, although it accepts standard product keys and therefore it is possible to install it on non-Qualcomm devices, assuming that drivers are available. Aside from native ARM64 executables, Windows on ARM64 also supports 32-bit ARM applications if supported by the CPU (up to build 25393, 32-bit ARM applications are unsupported since Windows 11 build 25905), as well as 32-bit x86 software under emulation. Support for 64-bit x86 executables was added later with [[Windows 11]] via the xtajit64 emulator.<br />
<br />
Support for the 32-bit x86 platform as well as the legacy BIOS boot process was dropped starting by Windows 11, leaving only AMD64 and ARM64 both using UEFI-based firmware.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|+ Commercial availability of Windows NT versions for different architectures<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan=2 | Version<br />
! colspan=3 | x86<br />
! colspan=2 | AMD64 (x64)<br />
! rowspan=2 | MIPS<br />
! rowspan=2 | Alpha<br />(AXP)<br />
! rowspan=2 | PowerPC<br />(PPC)<br />
! rowspan=2 | Itanium<br />(IA-64)<br />
! rowspan=2 | ARM<br />
! rowspan=2 | ARM64<br />
|-<br />
! PC/AT<br />
! PC-98<br />
! UEFI<br />
! PC/AT<br />
! UEFI<br />
|-<br />
| Windows NT 3.1<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows NT 3.5<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows NT 3.51<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows NT 4.0<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 2000<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows XP{{efn|Original release.}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows Server 2003{{efn|Includes [[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition|Windows XP 64-Bit Edition Version 2003]] and [[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition]]}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows Vista<br />Windows Server 2008<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Server}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 7<br />Windows Server 2008 R2<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Server}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 8<br />Windows Server 2012<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|RT}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 8.1<br />Windows Server 2012 R2<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|RT}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 10 (up to v1703)<br />Windows Server 2016<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 10 (since v1709)<br />Windows Server 2019<br />Windows Server 2022<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
|-<br />
| Windows 11<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{yes}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{no}}<br />
| {{partial|Client}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Disclosure of source code==<br />
In 2004, incomplete copies of the source code of [[Windows NT 4.0]] and [[Windows 2000]] leaked to the Internet. These leaks were illegal, as the Windows source code is both a trade secret and copyrighted, and as so is protected by law. However, Microsoft has later released parts of the source of the [[Windows Server 2003]] kernel for research purposes in 2008, albeit under a very restrictive license that forbids modifying or distributing both the source and compiled binaries under most circumstances.<br />
<br />
In 2017, ''The Register'' and other technology journals reported about a leak of the [[Windows 10]] Shared Source Kits, which are available to qualified customers, enterprises, governments, and partners for debugging and reference purposes, to [[BetaArchive]]. Following the controversy, BetaArchive removed all source code content from its archives, which also included the aforementioned incomplete copies of the Windows source code and adopted a policy of not accepting any more source code material.<br />
<br />
In 2018, the source code of the Windows NT [[File Manager]] (<code>winfile</code>) was released on GitHub under the open source MIT license. This was later followed in 2019 by the Windows 10 [[Calculator]] application and the [[w:Windows Console|console host]], the latter of which marks the first core Windows component to be developed out in the open.<br />
<br />
In May 2020, a copy of the source code of [[Windows NT 3.5 build 782.1]] leaked to the [[w:4chan|4chan]] /vp/ board. Though it can be compiled for the most part, it lacks source files for some components such as encryption. Another leak later followed in September with the source code of [[Windows XP|Windows XP Service Pack 1]] and [[Windows Server 2003]]. The leaked copy is mostly complete, although the activation components are absent within both repositories. It is therefore likely that the leak originated from a Microsoft partner who had access to the source code rather than Microsoft itself. This code base had been apparently circulating in online circles since at least 2015.<br />
<br />
==Timeline==<br />
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 100%"<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | <h3>DOS-based Windows family</h3><br />
|-<br />
! Name<br />
! Version<br />
! Code name<br />
! Release date<br />
! Support end date<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;1.0]]}}<br />
| 1.0<br />
| Interface Manager<br />Window Manager<br />
| {{nowrap|1985-11-20}}<br />
| rowspan="6" | {{nowrap|2001-12-31}}<br />
| First release of Windows<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;2.x]]}}<br />
| 2.x<br />
| Windows 1.5<ref>http://antitrust.slated.org/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/3000/PX03414.pdf#page=21</ref><br />
| {{nowrap|1987-12-09}}<br />
| Introduced overlapping windows<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;3.0]]}}<br />
| 3.0<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|1990-05-22}}<br />
| Introduced Program Manager<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows 3.1x|Windows&nbsp;3.1]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | 3.10<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|1992-03-08}}<br />
| An updated version, Windows 3.11, was released in 1993<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows for Workgroups&nbsp;3.1]]}}<br />
| Sparta<br />Winball<br />
| {{nowrap|1992-10-27}}<br />
| An updated version of Windows 3.1 with a built-in networking client<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows for Workgroups&nbsp;3.11]]}}<br />
| 3.11<br />
| Snowball<br />
| {{nowrap|1993-08-11}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" style="font-size: 90%" | {{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" |<h4>[[Windows&nbsp;9x]]</h4><br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!Version<br />
!Based on<br />
!Release date <br />
!Support end date <br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;95]]}}<br />
| 4.00<br />
| Chicago<br />
| {{nowrap|1995-08-24}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2001-12-31}}<br />
| Introduced the desktop, Start menu and taskbar<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Windows Nashville]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | 4.10<br />
| Nashville<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| Never released; project goals transferred to Memphis and [[Internet Explorer&nbsp;4]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;98]]}}<br />
| Memphis<br />
| {{nowrap|1998-06-25}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|2006-07-11}}<br />
| Second Edition was released on 5 May 1999<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Me|Windows Millennium Edition]]}}<br />
| 4.90<br />
| Millennium<br />
| {{nowrap|2000-09-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" style="font-size: 90%" | {{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" | <h3>Windows NT family</h3><br />
|-<br />
! Name<br />
! Version<br />
! Code name<br />
! Release date<br />
! Support end date<br />
! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT&nbsp;3.1]]}}<br />
| 3.10<br />
| Razzle<br />
| {{nowrap|1993-07-27}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2000-12-31}}<br />
| First release of Windows NT<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT 3.5x|Windows NT&nbsp;3.5]]}}<br />
| 3.50<br />
| Daytona<br />
| {{nowrap|1994-09-21}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2001-12-31}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT 3.5x|Windows NT&nbsp;3.51]]}}<br />
| 3.51<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|1995-05-30}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2002-09-30}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Microsoft Cairo]]}}<br />
| rowspan="4" | 4.0<br />
| Cairo<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| Never released; many of its features were later released as part of other versions<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT&nbsp;4.0]]}}<br />
| Shell Update Release<br />
| {{nowrap|1996-07-31}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2004-06-30}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server Edition|Windows NT Server 4.0, Terminal Server Edition]]}}<br />
| Hydra<br />
| {{nowrap|1998-09-13}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2004-12-31}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows NT Embedded&nbsp;4.0]]}}<br />
| Impala<br />
| {{nowrap|1999-08-30}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2006-07-11}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;2000]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | 5.0<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2000-02-17}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|2010-07-13}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Small Business Server&nbsp;2000]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2001-04-01}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Windows Odyssey]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| Odyssey<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | Never released; was merged with other projects to form Whistler<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Windows Neptune]]}}<br />
| 5.50<br />
| Neptune<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP]]}}<br />
| rowspan="10" | 5.1<br />
| Whistler<br />
| {{nowrap|2001-10-25}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2014-04-08}}<br />
| First NT-based consumer Windows<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2001-10-25}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2005-01-05}}<br />
| Special edition for Itanium-based (IA-64) workstations, mostly analogous to Windows XP Professional<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP Embedded]]}}<br />
| Mantis<ref>https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/embedded/aa459171(v=msdn.10)</ref><br />
| {{nowrap|2001-11-28}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2016-01-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP Media Center Edition]]}}<br />
| Freestyle<br />Harmony<br />Symphony<br />
| {{nowrap|2002-10-28}}<br />
| rowspan="3" | {{nowrap|2014-04-08}}<br />
| Updated versions were released in 2003 and 2004 respectively<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP Tablet PC Edition]]}}<br />
| Lonestar (2005)<br />
| {{nowrap|2002-11-07}}<br />
| An updated version was released in 2004<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP Starter Edition]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2004-08-11}}<ref>https://news.microsoft.com/2004/08/11/microsoft-announces-windows-xp-starter-edition-pilot-program/</ref><br />
| Restricted version of Windows XP Home Edition for developing markets<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Embedded for Point of Service]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2005-05-24}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2016-04-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs]]}}<br />
| Eiger<br />
| {{nowrap|2006-07-08}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2014-04-08}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Embedded Standard&nbsp;2009]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | Quebec<br />
| {{nowrap|2008-10-16}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2019-01-08}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Embedded POSReady&nbsp;2009]]}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2008-12-09}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2019-04-09}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP 64-Bit Edition|Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, Version&nbsp;2003]]}}<br />
| rowspan="5" | 5.2<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2003-03-28}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2005-01-05}}<br />
| Updated version of the Windows client for the IA-64 architecture. Based on Windows Server 2003 codebase<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2003]]}}<br />
| Whistler Server<br />
| {{nowrap|2003-04-24}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2015-07-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Small Business Server&nbsp;2003]]}}<br />
| Bobcat<br />
| {{nowrap|2003-10-09}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2016-04-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows XP Professional x64 Edition]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2005-04-25}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2014-04-08}}<br />
| First Windows client for the x86-64 architecture. Based on Windows Server 2003 codebase<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Home Server]]}}<br />
| Quattro<br />
| {{nowrap|2007-11-04}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2013-08-01}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Vista]]}}<br />
| rowspan="4" | 6.0<br />
| rowspan="2" | Longhorn<br />
| {{nowrap|2007-01-30}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2017-04-11}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | Development was reset in 2004<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2008]]}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2008-02-27}}<br />
| {{nowrap|2020-01-14}}{{efn|name=server2008-esu|Supported until 9 January 2024 via the paid Extended Security Updates service for volume licensed Standard, Datacenter and Enterprise copies.}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Small Business Server&nbsp;2008]]}}<br />
|Cougar<br />
|{{nowrap|2008-11-12}}<br />
| rowspan="2" | {{nowrap|2020-01-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Essential Business Server&nbsp;2008]]}}<br />
|Centro<br />
|{{nowrap|2008-11-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Windows Blackcomb]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Blackcomb<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Canceled successor of Windows XP, and later Longhorn. Dropped in favor of the Windows 7 project<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;7]]}}<br />
| rowspan="9" | 6.1<br />
| rowspan="2" | Windows 7<br />
|<br />
{{nowrap|2009-10-22}}<br />
|<br />
{{nowrap|2020-01-14}}{{efn|Supported until 10 January 2023 via the paid Extended Security Updates service for volume licensed Professional and Enterprise copies.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server 2008 R2]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2009-10-22}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2020-01-14}}{{efn|name=server2008-esu}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unreleased|[[Windows Essential Business Server 2008 R2]]}}<br />
|Cascades<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Canceled before release due to low interest in the previous version<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows MultiPoint Server&nbsp;2010]]}}<br />
|Solution Server<br />
|{{nowrap|2010-02-24}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2020-07-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows MultiPoint Server&nbsp;2011]]}}<br />
|WMS 2<br />
| {{nowrap|2011-05-12}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-07-13}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Small Business Server&nbsp;2011]]}}<br />
|SBS 7<br />
| {{nowrap|2010-12-13}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2020-01-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Embedded&nbsp;7]]}}<br />
|Quebec<br />
|{{nowrap|2010-07-29}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-10-12}}{{efn|Supported until 10 October 2023 (Standard) or 14 October 2024 (POSReady) via the paid Extended Security Updates service.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Home Server&nbsp;2011]]}}<br />
|Vail<br />
|{{nowrap|2011-04-06}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2016-04-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Thin PC]]}}<br />
|Thin PC<br />
|{{nowrap|2011-07-01}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-10-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;8]]}}<br />
| rowspan="4" |6.2 <br />
| rowspan="2" |Windows 8<br />
|{{nowrap|2012-10-26}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2016-01-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2012]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2012-09-04}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-10-10}}{{efn|name=server2012-esu|Supported until 13 October 2026 via the paid Extended Security Updates service.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows MultiPoint Server&nbsp;2012]]}}<br />
|WMS 3<br />
|{{nowrap|2012-10-30}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-10-10}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Embedded&nbsp;8]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2013-04-02}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2016-01-12}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;8.1]]}}<br />
| rowspan="3" |6.3 <br />
| rowspan="2" |Blue<br />
|{{nowrap|2013-10-17}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-01-10}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server 2012 R2]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2013-10-18}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-10-10}}{{efn|name=server2012-esu}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Embedded&nbsp;8.1]]}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2013-10-17}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-07-11}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows 10 (original release)|Windows&nbsp;10]]}}<br />
|10.0<br />
|Threshold<br />
|{{nowrap|2015-07-29}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2017-05-09}}{{efn|Support for the Enterprise LTSB edition ends on 14 October 2025.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" style="font-size: 90%" |{{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" |<h4>[[Windows&nbsp;10]] updates</h4><br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!Version{{efn|Starting with [[Windows&nbsp;10 build&nbsp;10563]], the about dialog retrieves the operating system version from the <code>ReleaseId</code> in the <code>HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion</code> registry key instead of querying the kernel, which still reports 10.0. Since [[Windows&nbsp;10 October 2020 Update]], it uses the <code>DisplayVersion</code> string values from the same key, while the <code>ReleaseId</code> value has been frozen at the value "2009".}}<br />
!Based on<br />
!Release date <br />
!Support end date <br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 November Update]]}}<br />
|1511<br />
|Threshold 2<br />
|{{nowrap|2015-11-10}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2017-10-10}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 Anniversary Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |1607<br />
| rowspan="2" |Redstone 1<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2016-08-02}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2019-04-09}}{{efn|Support for the Enterprise LTSB edition ends on 13 October 2026.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2016]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2027-01-11}}<br />
|Long-Term Servicing Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 Creators Update]]}}<br />
|1703<br />
|Redstone 2<br />
|{{nowrap|2017-04-05}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2019-10-08}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 Fall Creators Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |1709<br />
| rowspan="2" |Redstone 3<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2017-10-17}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2020-10-13}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;1709]]}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 April&nbsp;2018 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |1803<br />
| rowspan="2" |Redstone 4<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2018-04-30}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2021-05-11}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;1803]]}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 October&nbsp;2018 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="3" |1809<br />
| rowspan="3" |Redstone 5<br />
| rowspan="3" |{{nowrap|2018-11-13}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2021-05-11}}{{efn|Support for the Enterprise LTSC 2019 edition ends on 9 January 2029.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server 2019|Windows Server, version&nbsp;1809]]}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2019]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2029-01-09}}<br />
|Long-Term Servicing Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 May&nbsp;2019 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |1903<br />
| rowspan="2" |Titanium<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2019-05-21}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2020-12-08}}<br />
|Also known as 19H1 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;1903]]}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release; also known as 19H1 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 November&nbsp;2019 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |1909<br />
| rowspan="2" |Vanadium<ref name="vanadium">https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-comes-after-windows-10-19h1-vanadium/</ref>{{efn|Vanadium is a cumulative update for version 1903 (Titanium), although it is considered a distinct development semester by Microsoft.}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2019-11-12}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2022-05-10}}<br />
|Also known as 19H2 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;1909]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-05-11}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release; also known as 19H2 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 May&nbsp;2020 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |2004<br />
| rowspan="6" |Vibranium<ref name="vanadium" /><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20191214130318/https://twitter.com/h0x0d/status/1125409514193281024</ref><br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2020-05-27}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2021-12-14}}<br />
|Also known as 20H1 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;2004]]}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release; also known as 20H1 <br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 October&nbsp;2020 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |20H2<br />
| rowspan="2" |{{nowrap|2020-10-20}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2023-05-09}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows Server, version&nbsp;20H2]]}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2022-08-09}}<br />
|Semi-Annual Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 May&nbsp;2021 Update]]}}<br />
|21H1<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-05-18}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2022-12-13}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 November&nbsp;2021 Update]]}}<br />
| rowspan="2" |21H2<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-11-16}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2024-06-11}}{{efn|Support for the Enterprise LTSC 2021 and IoT Enterprise 2021 editions ends on 12 January 2027 and 13 January 2032, respectively.}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows Server&nbsp;2022]]}}<br />
|Iron<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-08-18}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2031-10-14}}<br />
|Long-Term Servicing Channel release<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows&nbsp;10 2022&nbsp;Update]]}}<br />
|22H2<br />
|Vibranium<br />
|{{nowrap|2022-10-18}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2025-10-14}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" |{{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" |<h4>[[Windows&nbsp;11]] and updates</h4><br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!Version<br />
!Based on<br />
!Release date <br />
!Support end date <br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Windows 11 (original release)|Windows&nbsp;11]]}}<br />
|21H2<br />
|Cobalt<br />
|{{nowrap|2021-10-05}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2024-10-08}}<br />
|Codenamed "Sun Valley"<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|latest|[[Windows&nbsp;11 2022&nbsp;Update]]}}<br />
|22H2<br />
|Nickel<br />
|{{nowrap|2022-09-20}}<br />
|{{nowrap|2025-10-14}}<br />
|Codenamed "Sun Valley 2"<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" style="font-size: 90%" |{{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="6" |<h4>Active development branch</h4><br />
|-<br />
!Name<br />
!Version<br />
!Based on<br />
!Release date <br />
!Support end date <br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|unsupported|[[Copper]]}}<!-- Do not edit before an official announcement --><br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Copper<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Engineering milestone that took place from February to November 2022<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|supported|[[Zinc]]}}<!-- Do not edit before an official announcement --><br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Zinc<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Engineering milestone that took place from November 2022 to June 2023<br />
|-<br />
| {{version|preview|[[Gallium]]}}<!-- Do not edit before an official announcement --><br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Gallium<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
| {{N/A}}<br />
|Current engineering milestone<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="6" style="font-size: 90%" |{{version legend|show=111111}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==See also == <br />
*[[Azure Stack HCI]]<br />
*[[Build lab]]<br />
*[[Desktop Window Manager]]<br />
*[[File Explorer]]<br />
*[[Microsoft WinPad]]<br />
*[[MS-DOS]]<br />
*[[Redpill]]<br />
*[[Self-Host Vote]]<br />
*[[Timebomb]]<br />
*[[UX.Unleaked]]<br />
*[[User Account Control]]<br />
*[[Visual style]]<br />
*[[WinFS]]<br />
*[[WinJS]]<br />
*[[Windows Embedded Compact]]<br />
*[[Windows Help]]<br />
*[[Windows Insider Program]]<br />
*[[Windows Phone]]<br />
*[[Windows Sidebar]]<br />
*[[Windows Update]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Microsoft]]<br />
[[Category:Microsoft Windows| ]]<br />
[[Category:Operating systems]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_11&diff=293607Windows 112023-09-13T19:38:34Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div><div class="hatnote">This article is about the operating system series developed since 2021. For the original operating system release called "Windows 11", see [[Windows 11 (original release)]].</div><br />
{{Infobox operating system<br />
|title = Windows 11<br />
|version of = [[Microsoft Windows]]<br />
|logo = Windows 11 logo and wordmark.svg<br />
|screenshot = Windows11-10.0.22631.2338-Desktop.png<br />
|initial release version = [[Windows 11 (original release)|Windows 11]]<br />
|initial release date = 5 October 2021<br />
|latest release version = [[Windows 11 2022 Update]]<br />
|latest release date = 20 September 2022<br />
|latest preview version = [[Gallium]] ([[Windows 11 build 25951|build 25951]])<br />
|latest preview date = 13 September 2023<br />
|replaces = [[Windows 10]]<br />
|supported platforms = AMD64, ARM64<br />
|preceded by = [[Windows 10]]<br />
|latest release=[[Windows 11 2022 Update]]}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 11''' is a series of [[Microsoft Windows]] operating systems that succeeded the [[Windows 10]] series in 2021. It is the eleventh overall major release in the Windows NT operating system line. It was released in October 2021 after being announced in June 2021. As of August 2023, it runs on 23.17% of desktop and laptop computers.<ref>[https://gs.statcounter.com/windows-version-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-202109-202209 Desktop Windows Version Market Share Worldwide | Statcounter Global Stats]</ref><br />
<br />
An LTSC edition of Windows 11 is scheduled to be released in the second half of 2024.<ref>Leznek, Jason. [https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/windows-client-roadmap-update/ba-p/3805227/ Windows client roadmap update], ''Windows IT Pro Blog''. 27 April 2023.</ref><br />
<br />
==List of feature updates==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! rowspan="2" |Name<br />
! rowspan="2" |Version<br />
! rowspan="2" |Codename<br />
! rowspan="2" |Based on<br />
! rowspan="2" |Build no.<br />
! rowspan="2" |Release date<br />
! colspan="4" |Support end date<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! <abbr title="Home, Pro and derived editions">Consumer<br />
! <abbr title="Education, Enterprise and derived editions">Enterprise</abbr><br />
! LTSC<br />
! IoT LTSC<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|supported|[[Windows 11 (original release)|Windows&nbsp;11]]}}<br />
| 21H2<br />
|Sun Valley<br />
|[[Cobalt]]<br />
|22000<br />
|2021-10-05<br />
|2023-10-10<br />
|2024-10-08<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|latest|[[Windows&nbsp;11 2022&nbsp;Update]]}}<br />
|22H2<br />
|Sun Valley 2<br />
|rowspan="2" | [[Nickel]]<br />
|22621<br />
|2022-09-20<br />
|2024-10-08<br />
|2025-10-14<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|preview|[[Windows&nbsp;11, version&nbsp;23H2]]}}<br />
|23H2<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|22631<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|Based on 2022 Update codebase; enabled via an enablement package.<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="11" |{{version legend}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|1]]<br />
[[Category:Versions of Windows 11| ]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Vista_build_5308.50&diff=293554Windows Vista build 5308.502023-09-13T15:39:15Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Vista]]<br />
|buildtag = 6.0.5308.50.winmain_idx01.060222-1250<br />
|arch = x64<br />
|image = WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-Desktop.png<br />
|winver = WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-DEU-About.png<br />
|sku = Starter<br/>Home Basic (N)<br/>Home Premium<br/>Business (N)<br/>Ultimate<br/>Enterprise<br/><br />
|compiled = 2006-02-22<br />
|key = WGDJW-B8DYC-WVKX4-6MKF4-B8PK8<br>G96JQ-RVRTC-D44TJ-CFKJQ-6BBQW (alt)<br />
|timebomb = 2007-03-07<br />
|rivals = {{rivals|TCB=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/windows/vista/4940|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20vista/6.0.5308.50/german/ultimate}}}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows Vista build 5308.50''' is a Beta 2 build of [[Windows Vista]], which was uploaded to [[BetaArchive]] on 9 March 2020 only in the German and Japanese languages.<br />
<br />
==Bugs and quirks==<br />
=== Installation===<br />
<br />
* Whilst partitioning on a clean drive, you will not be able to format the hard drive without restarting, due to the hard drive "not being ready".<br />
* The "completing installation" text in the Japanese version of this build overlaps with the progress bar on the bottom.<br />
<br />
===Translation errors===<br />
Some places of [[Welcome Center]] and [[Control Panel]] in the German localization are left untranslated, and in the driver update wizard, "Treibersoftware" (which means "Driver software") has been misspelled as "Teibersoftware".<br />
<br />
===Shutdown===<br />
Upon shutting down, the shutdown sound gets cut off after half a second of playing.<br />
<br />
== Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.6-Boot.png|[[Boot screen]]<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-GermanLogin.png|Login screen<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-GermanTypo.png|Typo in the driver update wizard (German)<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-JPN-About.png|<code>[[winver]]</code> in Japanese<br />
File:5308.50 Aero - updated.png|[[Windows Aero|Aero]] theme (German)<br />
File:5308.50 - Aero (JP).png|[[Windows Aero|Aero]] theme (Japanese)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Vista builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Talk:Windows_Vista_build_5308.50&diff=293553Talk:Windows Vista build 5308.502023-09-13T15:36:01Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>The WGDJW-B8DYC-WVKX4-6MKF4-B8PK8 Not Working for me The G96JQ-RVRTC-D44TJ-CFKJQ-6BBQW Will work and Not The WGDJW-B8DYC-WVKX4-6MKF4-B8PK8 Please change {{Unsigned|193.108.116.77}}<br />
: It does work for me. [[User:Shams1917|Shams1917]] ([[User talk:Shams1917|talk]]) 01:08, 11 September 2023 (UTC)<br />
:: For me, both the WGDJW-B8DYC-WVKX4-6MKF4-B8PK8 and the G96JQ-RVRTC-D44TJ-CFKJQ-6BBQW keys work. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 15:36, 13 September 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_95_build_215d&diff=293552Windows 95 build 215d2023-09-13T15:30:13Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 95]]<br />
|image = placeholder.png<br />
|buildtag = 4.00.215d<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|family=9x|build=215|revision=d}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 95 build 215d''' is a build of [[Windows 95]] mentioned in the file <code>BCTSHEL2.INI</code> from the Device Driver Kit for the aforementioned build.<br />
<br />
<pre>[Settings]<br />
Version=Windows 95 Build 215d<br />
Upgrade="Working towards M7 CT release"<br />
ExcludedDrives=<br />
LaunchDelay=15<br />
ProgramDirectory=\\CONTROL\PUBLIC\GEORGA\BCTSHELL\<br />
CreateDirectories=\CT;\CT\BCT;\CT\BCT\CP1;\CT\BCT\CP2;\CT\BCT\CP3;\CT\BCT\CDDATA;</pre><br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 95 builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_95_build_215d&diff=293545Windows 95 build 215d2023-09-13T14:56:43Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 95]]<br />
|image = placeholder.png<br />
|buildtag = 4.00.215d<br />
|arch = x86<br />
|family=9x|build=215|revision=d}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 95 build 215d''' is a build of [[Windows 95]] mentioned in the file <code>BCTSHEL2.INI</code> from the Device Driver Kit for the aforementioned operating system.<br />
<br />
<pre>[Settings]<br />
Version=Windows 95 Build 215d<br />
Upgrade="Working towards M7 CT release"<br />
ExcludedDrives=<br />
LaunchDelay=15<br />
ProgramDirectory=\\CONTROL\PUBLIC\GEORGA\BCTSHELL\<br />
CreateDirectories=\CT;\CT\BCT;\CT\BCT\CP1;\CT\BCT\CP2;\CT\BCT\CP3;\CT\BCT\CDDATA;</pre><br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 95 builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_Vista_build_5308.50&diff=293060Windows Vista build 5308.502023-09-10T15:40:49Z<p>TechActivate 781: Undo revision 293059 by 193.108.119.247 (talk)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows Vista]]<br />
|buildtag = 6.0.5308.50.winmain_idx01.060222-1250<br />
|arch = x64<br />
|image = WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-Desktop.png<br />
|winver = WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-DEU-About.png<br />
|sku = Starter<br/>Home Basic (N)<br/>Home Premium<br/>Business (N)<br/>Ultimate<br/>Enterprise<br/><br />
|compiled = 2006-02-22<br />
|key = WGDJW-B8DYC-WVKX4-6MKF4-B8PK8<br />
|timebomb = 2007-03-07<br />
|rivals = {{rivals|TCB=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/windows/vista/4940|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%20vista/6.0.5308.50/german/ultimate}}}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows Vista build 5308.50''' is a Beta 2 build of [[Windows Vista]], which was uploaded to [[BetaArchive]] on 9 March 2020 only in the German and Japanese languages.<br />
<br />
==Bugs and quirks==<br />
=== Installation===<br />
<br />
* Whilst partitioning on a clean drive, you will not be able to format the hard drive without restarting, due to the hard drive "not being ready".<br />
* The "completing installation" text in the Japanese version of this build overlaps with the progress bar on the bottom.<br />
<br />
===Translation errors===<br />
Some places of [[Welcome Center]] and [[Control Panel]] in the German localization are left untranslated, and in the driver update wizard, "Treibersoftware" (which means "Driver software") has been misspelled as "Teibersoftware".<br />
<br />
===Shutdown===<br />
Upon shutting down, the shutdown sound gets cut off after half a second of playing.<br />
<br />
== Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.6-Boot.png|[[Boot screen]]<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-GermanLogin.png|Login screen<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-GermanTypo.png|Typo in the driver update wizard (German)<br />
File:WindowsVista-6.0.5308.50-JPN-About.png|<code>[[winver]]</code> in Japanese<br />
File:5308.50 Aero - updated.png|[[Windows Aero|Aero]] theme (German)<br />
File:5308.50 - Aero (JP).png|[[Windows Aero|Aero]] theme (Japanese)<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows Vista builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=292646Template:News2023-09-07T17:19:51Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Windows 11 Canary (Gallium) */ added a space</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 16#iOS_16.6.1|iOS 16.6.1]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 16.6.1 build 20G81|20G81}}<br />
<br />
====[[iOS 17]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.0 build 21A5326a|21A5326a}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Ventura#13.6|macOS Ventura 13.6]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Ventura build 22G115|22G115}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23A5337a|23A5337a}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11, version 23H2|23H2]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2265|22631.2265.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230817-1733}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23536|23536.1000.ni_prerelease.230826-1546}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25947|25947.1000.rs_prerelease.230901-1416 ''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25941|25941.1000.rs_prerelease.230825-1352 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.345|25398.345.zn_release_svc_prod1.230726-1731}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.345|25398.345.zn_release_svc_prod1.230726-1731}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8437 (fbl_dev_dp8)|8437.1.fbl_dev_dp8.120621-2300 ''(Developer Preview 8; ARMv7)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8520|8520.0.fbl_eeap.120722-1632 ''(Simplified Chinese; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Core]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Core build 16236|16236.1003.rs_onecore_webplat_stage_dev3.170707-1700}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 10 Pre-Dev Channel ([[Cobalt]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 21262|21262.1000.rs_prerelease.201113-1441 ''(ARM64)''}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_11&diff=292644Windows 112023-09-07T17:18:40Z<p>TechActivate 781: updated to latest build</p>
<hr />
<div><div class="hatnote">This article is about the operating system series developed since 2021. For the original operating system release called "Windows 11", see [[Windows 11 (original release)]].</div><br />
{{Infobox operating system<br />
|title = Windows 11<br />
|version of = [[Microsoft Windows]]<br />
|logo = Windows 11 logo and wordmark.svg<br />
|screenshot = Windows11-10.0.22631.2129-Desktop.webp<br />
|initial release version = [[Windows 11 (original release)|Windows 11]]<br />
|initial release date = 5 October 2021<br />
|latest release version = [[Windows 11 2022 Update]]<br />
|latest release date = 20 September 2022<br />
|latest preview version = [[Gallium]] ([[Windows 11 build 25947|build 25947]])<br />
|latest preview date = 9 September 2023<br />
|replaces = [[Windows 10]]<br />
|supported platforms = AMD64, ARM64<br />
|preceded by = [[Windows 10]]<br />
|latest release=[[Windows 11 2022 Update]]}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 11''' is a series of [[Microsoft Windows]] operating systems that succeeded the [[Windows 10]] series in 2021. It is the eleventh overall major release in the Windows NT operating system line. It was released in October 2021 after being announced in June 2021. As of August 2023, it runs on 23.17% of desktop and laptop computers.<ref>[https://gs.statcounter.com/windows-version-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-202109-202209 Desktop Windows Version Market Share Worldwide | Statcounter Global Stats]</ref><br />
<br />
An LTSC edition of Windows 11 is scheduled to be released in the second half of 2024.<ref>Leznek, Jason. [https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/windows-it-pro-blog/windows-client-roadmap-update/ba-p/3805227/ Windows client roadmap update], ''Windows IT Pro Blog''. 27 April 2023.</ref><br />
<br />
==List of feature updates==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
! rowspan="2" |Name<br />
! rowspan="2" |Version<br />
! rowspan="2" |Codename<br />
! rowspan="2" |Based on<br />
! rowspan="2" |Build no.<br />
! rowspan="2" |Release date<br />
! colspan="4" |Support end date<br />
! rowspan="2" |Notes<br />
|-<br />
! <abbr title="Home, Pro and derived editions">Consumer<br />
! <abbr title="Education, Enterprise and derived editions">Enterprise</abbr><br />
! LTSC<br />
! IoT LTSC<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|supported|[[Windows 11 (original release)|Windows&nbsp;11]]}}<br />
| 21H2<br />
|Sun Valley<br />
|[[Cobalt]]<br />
|22000<br />
|2021-10-05<br />
|2023-10-10<br />
|2024-10-08<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|latest|[[Windows&nbsp;11 2022&nbsp;Update]]}}<br />
|22H2<br />
|Sun Valley 2<br />
|rowspan="2" | [[Nickel]]<br />
|22621<br />
|2022-09-20<br />
|2024-10-08<br />
|2025-10-14<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{version|preview|[[Windows&nbsp;11, version&nbsp;23H2]]}}<br />
|23H2<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|22631<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{TBA}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|{{N/A}}<br />
|Based on 2022 Update codebase; enabled via an enablement package.<br />
|-<br />
| colspan="11" |{{version legend}}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Microsoft Windows}}<br />
[[Category:Versions of Microsoft Windows|1]]<br />
[[Category:Versions of Windows 11| ]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Template:News&diff=292641Template:News2023-09-07T17:16:28Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude>[[Category:Main page portions]]</noinclude><br />
=== Latest released builds ===<br />
====[[iOS 16#iOS_16.6|iOS 16.6]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 16.6 build 20G75|20G75}}<br />
<br />
====[[iOS 17]]====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|iOS 17.0 build 21A5326a|21A5326a}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Ventura#13.6|macOS Ventura 13.6]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Ventura build 22G115|22G115}}<br />
<br />
==== [[macOS Sonoma]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|macOS Sonoma build 23A5337a|23A5337a}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Beta ([[Windows 11, version 23H2|23H2]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 22631.2265|22631.2265.ni_release_svc_betaflt_prod1.230817-1733}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Dev ([[Nickel]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 23536|23536.1000.ni_prerelease.230826-1546}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 11 Canary ([[Gallium]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 11 build 25947|25947.1000.rs_prerelease.230901-1416''(client)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25941|25941.1000.rs_prerelease.230825-1352 ''(server)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Server, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Server build 25398.345|25398.345.zn_release_svc_prod1.230726-1731}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Azure Stack HCI, version 23H2]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Azure Stack HCI build 25398.345|25398.345.zn_release_svc_prod1.230726-1731}}<br />
<br />
=== Latest shared builds ===<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows 8]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8437 (fbl_dev_dp8)|8437.1.fbl_dev_dp8.120621-2300 ''(Developer Preview 8; ARMv7)''}}<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 8 build 8520|8520.0.fbl_eeap.120722-1632 ''(Simplified Chinese; ARMv7)''}}<br />
<br />
==== [[Windows Core]] ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows Core build 16236|16236.1003.rs_onecore_webplat_stage_dev3.170707-1700}}<br />
<br />
==== Windows 10 Pre-Dev Channel ([[Cobalt]]) ====<br />
{{BLItem Leaked|Windows 10 build 21262|21262.1000.rs_prerelease.201113-1441 ''(ARM64)''}}</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Talk:Windows_Core_build_16236&diff=292380Talk:Windows Core build 162362023-09-05T15:45:23Z<p>TechActivate 781: Created page with "Does this build work on the Surface RT 2? Thanks. ~~~~"</p>
<hr />
<div>Does this build work on the Surface RT 2? Thanks. [[User:TechActivate 781|TechActivate 781]] ([[User talk:TechActivate 781|talk]]) 15:45, 5 September 2023 (UTC)</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=ChromeOS&diff=292255ChromeOS2023-09-04T19:27:53Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Dev */ grammar</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Linux distribution<br />
|name = ChromeOS<br />
|image = ChromeOS94Desktop.png<br />
|releasedate = 15 June 2011<br />
|latestbuild = 111.0.5563.65 (Stable)<br>112 (Beta)<br>113 (Dev)<br />
|based-on = [[Gentoo]]<br />
|package = Portage<br />
|status = Active<br />
}}<br />
'''ChromeOS''' (formerly known as '''Chrome OS'''<ref>https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2022/7/14/23219443/google-chromeos-not-chrome-os-branding</ref>) is an operating system developed by Google. Based on [[Gentoo]]<ref>https://www.chromium.org/chromium-os/packages/</ref> and the [[w:Google Chrome|Google Chrome]] web browser, it uses the Linux kernel and was designed to be a fast and lightweight operating system. ChromeOS runs mainly on web applications, although native applications are also supported.<br />
<br />
== Availability ==<br />
ChromeOS was developed mainly for Chromebooks, as well as Chromeboxes, Chromebases and Chromebits. On 15 February 2022, a distribution of ChromeOS which can be installed on computers without ChromeOS pre-installed, ChromeOS Flex, entered early access in the Dev channel. A ChromeOS recovery image can also be installed onto a generic x86 device through unofficial means.<br />
<br />
Chromium OS, the open-source equivalent of ChromeOS, can be compiled to run on computers other than those with ChromeOS pre-installed.<br />
<br />
== Channels ==<br />
ChromeOS has four release channels: Stable, Beta, Dev, and Canary.<br />
<br />
=== Stable ===<br />
The Stable channel releases fully tested builds to ensure minimal bugs. It gets minor updates every two to three weeks and major updates every six weeks. It is currently at version 111.<br />
<br />
=== Beta ===<br />
The Beta channel releases less tested builds that are more prone to bugs. It gets minor updates every week and major updates every six weeks. It is currently at version 112.<br />
<br />
=== Dev ===<br />
The Dev channel releases the least tested and the buggiest builds. It gets updated once or twice a week. It is currently at version 113.<br />
<br />
=== Canary ===<br />
The Canary channel releases untested builds (it is bleeding-edge). It gets updated daily. It is currently at version 114 for certain devices. Unlike other channels, it cannot be normally enabled through the settings menu and must instead be opted into by invoking the <code>live_in_a_coal_mine</code> command (a reference to [[w:Canary in a coal mine|canaries acting as carbon monoxide detectors]]).<br />
<br />
== Variants ==<br />
=== ChromeOS Flex ===<br />
'''ChromeOS Flex''' (previously known as '''CloudReady''') is a variant of ChromeOS originally created by Neverware. It is intended for use on old desktops. Neverware was bought by Google in 2020, leading to its name change to ChromeOS Flex in 2022.<br />
<br />
=== Chromium OS ===<br />
'''Chromium OS''' is an open-source variant of ChromeOS.<br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
===69.0.3497.35===<br />
<gallery><br />
Chrome os empty desktop.png|Desktop<br />
Chrome os launcher.png|Launcher<br />
Chrome os launcher full.png|Launcher in full screen<br />
Chrome os file manager.png|File manager<br />
Chrome os about.png|About page in Settings<br />
Chrome os surfing web.png|Google Chrome<br />
Chrome os demo.png|Demo<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
===94.0.4606.114===<br />
<gallery><br />
Chrome OS boot.png|Boot screen<br />
Chromeosbrowser.png|Google Chrome<br />
ChromeOS94about.png|About page in Settings<br />
Chrome94Demo.png|Demo<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[https://www.google.com/intl/en/chromebook/chrome-os/ Official website (ChromeOS Chromebooks)]<br />
*[https://blog.google/products/chromebooks/ Official blog (ChromeOS Chromebooks)]<br />
*[https://chromeenterprise.google/os/chromeosflex/ Official website (ChromeOS Flex)]<br />
[[Category:Operating systems]]<br />
[[Category:Linux]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_10_Mobile_build_16179&diff=292130Windows 10 Mobile build 161792023-09-03T16:32:21Z<p>TechActivate 781: added a link</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 10 Mobile]]<br />
|arch = ARM32<br />
|buildtag = 10.0.16179.1000.rs_apps.170414-1615<br />
|compiled = 2017-04-14<br />
|image = 16179.png<br />
|winver=16179about.png<br />
|sku = Mobile Enterprise<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 10 Mobile build 16179''' is an internal build of [[Windows 10 Mobile]]. This build is shown on an eBay listing running on a prototype Lumia 950 XL along with builds 10047, 10141, 10586.29, 15037.1000, [[Windows 10 Mobile build 16200|16200.1000]], 16236.1003.<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*https://www.ebay.com/itm/295882302193<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 10 Mobile builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_10_Mobile_build_16200&diff=292129Windows 10 Mobile build 162002023-09-03T16:31:42Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 10 Mobile]]<br />
|arch = ARM32<br />
|buildtag = 10.0.16200.1000.rs_prerelease.170515-1435<br />
|compiled = 2017-05-15<br />
|image = 16200.png<br />
|winver=16200about.png<br />
|sku = Mobile<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 10 Mobile build 16200''' is an internal build of [[Windows 10 Mobile]]. This build is shown on an eBay listing running on a prototype Lumia 950 XL along with builds 10047, 10141, 10586.29, 15037.1000, [[Windows 10 Mobile build 16179|16179.1000]], 16236.1003.<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*https://www.ebay.com/itm/295882302193<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 10 Mobile builds]]<br />
[[Category:Unleaked builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_10_build_21262&diff=289319Windows 10 build 212622023-08-21T03:30:01Z<p>TechActivate 781: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|buildtag = 10.0.21262.1000.rs_prerelease.201113-1441<br />
|build of = [[Cobalt]]<br />
|arch = ARM64<br />
|compiled = 2020-11-13<br />
|image = 21262pic02.jpg<br />
|imagecaption = Qualcomm Snapdragon development kit running said build<br />
|key = ''Use a Windows 10 Retail serial''<br />
|sku = Professional <br />
}}<br />
'''Windows 10 build 21262''' is a build of [[Cobalt]], the 21H2 development semester of [[Windows as a service]]. Two photographs of this build running on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 Development Kit (Mobile Test Platform) were shared onto the DuoWOA Telegram group on 4 August 2023. Additional photographs later appeared in the same group several days later. It was shared online 17 days later, on 21 August 2023 as a WIM dump.<br />
<br />
Prior to its discovery, an issue related to this build authored by a Microsoft employee was filed onto the [[w:Microsoft PowerToys|Microsoft PowerToys]] [[w:GitHub|GitHub]] code repository on 3 December 2020.<ref>[https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys/issues/8381 GitHub]</ref><br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
=== Images prior to the leak ===<br />
==== Task Manager photographs ====<br />
<gallery><br />
Windows_11-10.0.21262-02.jpg|CPU page<br />
21262pic01.jpg|Ditto.<br />
Windows_11-10.0.21262-01.jpg|GPU page<br />
21262pic03.jpg|Ditto.<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cobalt builds]]<br />
[[Category:Windows 10 builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Windows_8_build_8400&diff=279808Windows 8 build 84002023-07-01T12:28:21Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Changes */ first build with win update new icon</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows build<br />
|build of = [[Windows 8]]<br />
|image = Windows8-6.2.8400-Desktop.png<br />
|buildtag = 6.2.8400.0.winmain_win8rc.120518-1423<br />
|arch = x86, x64, ARM32<br />
|compiled = 2012-05-18<br />
|timebomb = 2013-01-15<br />
|winver = Windows8-6.2.8400-About.png<br />
|rivals = {{Rivals|TCB=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/builds/windows/build/106|TCBGallery=https://www.thecollectionbook.info/gallery/?f=/windows/nt%20kernel/windows%208/6.2.8400.0/english/release%20preview/x86}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Windows 8 build 8400''' is the official Release Preview build of [[Windows 8]], which was officially released to the general public on 31 May 2012.<br />
<br />
An ARM version of this build was showcased on the Channel 9 blog post titled "Developing for Windows on ARM",<ref name=msdn>Zander, Jason. [https://media.ch9.ms/ch9/a761/426e0255-1d4f-4c6e-af01-c2687f52a761/DevelopingforWindowsonARM_high.mp4 Developing for Windows on ARM], ''Channel 9 Blog''. 12 June 2012.</ref> and was distributed to partners engaging in the Ecosystem Engineering Access Program (EEAP)<ref>[https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/vstudio/en-US/c7e22f88-c243-43df-853b-7e0270b5988b/whck-woa-driver-momery-test-fail?forum=whck WHCK WOA Driver momery test fail], ''Microsoft Visual Studio''. 30 July 2012.</ref> and additionally released in the form of a set of Repair Content Packages,<ref>https://app.prismdrive.com/drive/s/eYudoXLASPqH04HkZdgHAgDPj0rYyT</ref> which are used by <code>DISM /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth</code> to repair an existing Windows installation.<ref>http://windowsvn.net/threads/25618/ ''(dead link)''</ref><br />
<br />
==Editions and keys==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Edition / SKU Name<br />
!Key<br />
|-<br />
|Core<br />
|2H7NK-3VJJY-HHY3Y-WM3T8-JFCRY<br />
|-<br />
|Professional<br />
|GCNRF-BHBCM-W9YWM-VWQP6-TJBWR<br />
|-<br />
|ProfessionalWMC (edition upgrade only)<br />
|MBFBV-W3DP2-2MVKN-PJCQD-KKTF7<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Changes ==<br />
*The wallpaper first introduced in [[Windows 8 build 8375|build 8375]] has had its color temperature and saturation slightly adjusted.<br />
*Window transparency no longer extends to the navigation bar in [[File Explorer|Windows Explorer]] when the Ribbon UI isn't being utilized.<br />
*[[Windows Media Center]] is no longer installed by default. It can be re-added using [[Windows Anytime Upgrade|Add Features to Windows 8]].<br />
*The space bar can now be used to dismiss the lock screen.<br />
*The [[Windows Update]] icon has been changed<br />
<br />
==Bugs and quirks==<br />
=== Aero Lite transparency effects ===<br />
When using the Windows Basic ([[Aero Lite]]) [[visual style]], transparency effects can be enabled by means of a bug in the Personalization [[Control Panel]] (don't persist if you re-selected the theme created). To do so:<br />
<br />
#Right-click the desktop and open up Personalization, then click on the "Window Color" link given at the bottom of the window. Keep the window open.<br />
#Open a separate personalization window and apply the Windows Basic theme.<br />
#Switch to the other personalization window that was opened at the start, uncheck and re-check the "Enable transparency" option and then click on the "Save changes" button. This will cause transparency effects to take effect.<br />
<br />
=== Timebomb ===<br />
Unlike other Windows 8 builds, it contains a broken [[timebomb]] and can be installed on the current date.<br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
=== [[Out-of-box experience]] ===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:8400-OOBEPersonalize.png|Personalization<br />
File:8400-OOBESettings.png|Express settings<br />
File:8400-OOBEMSAcc.png|Microsoft account page<br />
File:8400-OOBEAccType.png|Local or Microsoft account page<br />
File:8400-OOBELocalAcc.png|Local account page<br />
File:8400-Finalizing.png|Finalizing settings<br />
File:8400-GettingReady.png|First logon animation<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
=== Interface ===<br />
<gallery><br />
File:84008441boot.png|[[Boot screen]]<br />
File:8400-SignIn.png|Login screen<br />
File:8400-Start.png|[[Start menu|Start screen]]<br />
File:Windows8-6.2.8400-Charms.png|Charms Bar<br />
File:Windows8-6.2.8400-Basic.png|Basic Theme<br />
File:Windows8-6.2.8400-Basic-withTransparency.png|Windows Basic ([[Aero Lite]]) visual style with transparency effects by means of a bug in the Personalization Control Panel<br />
File:WinRT8400.png|ARM32 version<ref name=msdn /><br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Windows 8 builds]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Minesweeper&diff=279555Minesweeper2023-06-30T13:01:45Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Gallery */ updated image</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows component<br />
|name = Minesweeper<br />
|logo = Minesweeper_icon.png<br />
|screenshot = Windows7-RTM-Sweeper.png<br />
|caption = Minesweeper in [[Windows 7]]<br />
|introduced in = [[Windows 3.1]]<br />
|last included in = [[Windows 7]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Minesweeper''' (also known as '''Flower Garden''') is a puzzle video game, the objective of which is to clear all mines in a field, using the number of surrounding mines in each tile as a clue. The Microsoft version of the game was introduced in the [[w:Microsoft Entertainment Pack|Microsoft Entertainment Pack]] and was later bundled with [[Windows 3.1]] through [[Windows 7]]. Since [[Windows 8]], an updated version of the game is available from the [[Microsoft Store]].<br />
<br />
The versions of the game included in [[Windows 9x]] versions used different sprites that generally had smaller icons compared to the versions included on Windows 3.1 and in Windows NT versions.<br />
<br />
In the Italian localization of [[Windows 2000]] and above, the game is known as Flower Garden (Italian: ''Prato fiorito''), and uses a modified icon and tile set that features flowers instead of mines, as well as a different explosion sound. This was extended to other regions that are sensitive to the issue of land mines with [[Windows Vista]]. The updated version of the game also adds an option to switch between mine and flower themes at will{{efn|Italian versions of the game removes the Minesweeper game style, but not its blue and silver board color.}}; the default value of which depends on the region.<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:196-winmine.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows NT 3.1 build 196]]<br />
File:Windows-NT-3.51.1057.1-Minesweeper.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows NT 3.51]]<br />
File:WindowsME-RTM-Minesweeper.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows Me]]<br />
File:Flower Garden Win2kSP4Italian.png|Flower Garden in the Italian localization of [[Windows 2000 build 2195.6717|Windows 2000]]<br />
File:Flower Garden Win7.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows 7]] with the Flower Garden theme enabled <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Games]]<br />
[[Category:Introduced in Windows 3.1]]</div>TechActivate 781https://betawiki.net/index.php?title=Minesweeper&diff=279552Minesweeper2023-06-30T13:00:33Z<p>TechActivate 781: /* Gallery */ temp removed image, needs updating</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox Windows component<br />
|name = Minesweeper<br />
|logo = Minesweeper_icon.png<br />
|screenshot = Windows7-RTM-Sweeper.png<br />
|caption = Minesweeper in [[Windows 7]]<br />
|introduced in = [[Windows 3.1]]<br />
|last included in = [[Windows 7]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Minesweeper''' (also known as '''Flower Garden''') is a puzzle video game, the objective of which is to clear all mines in a field, using the number of surrounding mines in each tile as a clue. The Microsoft version of the game was introduced in the [[w:Microsoft Entertainment Pack|Microsoft Entertainment Pack]] and was later bundled with [[Windows 3.1]] through [[Windows 7]]. Since [[Windows 8]], an updated version of the game is available from the [[Microsoft Store]].<br />
<br />
The versions of the game included in [[Windows 9x]] versions used different sprites that generally had smaller icons compared to the versions included on Windows 3.1 and in Windows NT versions.<br />
<br />
In the Italian localization of [[Windows 2000]] and above, the game is known as Flower Garden (Italian: ''Prato fiorito''), and uses a modified icon and tile set that features flowers instead of mines, as well as a different explosion sound. This was extended to other regions that are sensitive to the issue of land mines with [[Windows Vista]]. The updated version of the game also adds an option to switch between mine and flower themes at will{{efn|Italian versions of the game removes the Minesweeper game style, but not its blue and silver board color.}}; the default value of which depends on the region.<br />
<br />
== Gallery ==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:196-winmine.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows NT 3.1 build 196]]<br />
File:Windows-NT-3.51.1057.1-Minesweeper.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows NT 3.51]]<br />
File:WindowsME-RTM-Minesweeper.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows Me]]<br />
File:Flower Garden Win7.png|Minesweeper in [[Windows 7]] with the Flower Garden theme enabled<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Notes ==<br />
{{notelist}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Games]]<br />
[[Category:Introduced in Windows 3.1]]</div>TechActivate 781